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<mods:title id="9F7EA9BC6D69DA8D3918553F6E3616C2">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="D5282F9FEF14E038E889314B6629F528">Muséum national dhistoire naturelle, Département Origines et Évolution (CR 2 P - MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) didier. merle @ mnhn. fr (corresponding author) jean-michel. pacaud @ mnhn. fr dnledon @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFEE1FB63FE70FB7D" bold="true" box="[345,497,1204,1231]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus sixi</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFEC5FB02FE4AFB5D" box="[381,459,1236,1262]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="25.[131,142,807,824]" captionTargetBox="[132,775,214,764]" captionTargetId="figure-834@25.[131,684,213,766]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIG. 13. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus sixin. sp. holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.),Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier),Oise,Paris Basin (France), early Eocene (Ypresian). Scale bar: 5 mm. Credits: P. Loubry." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985788/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Figs 13</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFE61FB02FD91FB5D" box="[473,528,1236,1262]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985825/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">26M</figureCitation>
)
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<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFFE41FFF3CFA8CFE0FFA72" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4958671367" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="de Cuise &amp; Six" country="France" county="lower Cuisian" location="Paris Basin" municipality="Ypresian" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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. —
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.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFFE41FFE0FFA8CFE78FAC1" box="[439,505,1370,1394]" name="France" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">France</collectingCountry>
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,
<location id="8EF86017FFFFE41FFD33FA8CFD3BFAC1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFFE41CFEE1FB63FF77F858:8EF86017FFFFE41FFD33FA8CFD3BFAC1" box="[651,698,1370,1394]" country="France" county="lower Cuisian" municipality="Ypresian" name="Oise" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Oise</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFFFE41FFD7CFA8CFF3EFA3F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFFE41CFEE1FB63FF77F858:8EF86017FFFFE41FFD7CFA8CFF3EFA3F" country="France" county="lower Cuisian" municipality="Ypresian" name="Trosly-Breuil" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Trosly-Breuil</location>
(
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Sables
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFFE41FFE7EFAA2FD9EFA3F" box="[454,543,1396,1420]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">de Cuise</collectorName>
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, (biozone NP12); early
<location id="8EF86017FFFFE41FFF3EFA59FF4CFA15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFFFE41CFEE1FB63FF77F858:8EF86017FFFFE41FFF3EFA59FF4CFA15" box="[134,205,1423,1446]" country="France" county="lower Cuisian" municipality="Ypresian" name="Eocene" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Eocene</location>
(
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<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFFE41FFE58FA59FDB5FA15" box="[480,564,1423,1446]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90544 (
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coll.), H:
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(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFF43FA7FFEC0FA72" box="[251,321,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="25.[131,142,807,824]" captionTargetBox="[132,775,214,764]" captionTargetId="figure-834@25.[131,684,213,766]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIG. 13. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus sixin. sp. holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.),Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier),Oise,Paris Basin (France), early Eocene (Ypresian). Scale bar: 5 mm. Credits: P. Loubry." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985788" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985788/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Figs 13</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFEF6FA7FFE03FA72" box="[334,386,1449,1473]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985825" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985825/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">26M</figureCitation>
).
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFFE41FFF3CFA0FFF4EF9B8" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" type="etymology">
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. — Dedicated to Didier Six who collected this rare species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFFE41FFF3CF9F5FF74F92C" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" type="materials_examined">
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<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFFE41FFF3CF9F5FF34F98A" box="[132,181,1571,1594]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFFE41FFF05F9FEFE99F98A" baselines="1589" box="[189,280,1576,1593]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Sables de Cuise, (biozone NP12), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFD06F9F5FE89F9E6" author="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C." pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="713 - 747" refId="ref44561" refString="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C. 1991. - Analyse sequentielle de l'Eocene et de l'Oligocene du Bassin parisien (France). Revue de l'institut francais du petrole 46 (6): 713 - 747." type="journal article" year="1991">Gély &amp; Lorenz (1991</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1), early Eocene (Ypresian, lower Cuisian).
</paragraph>
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. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFFE41FFEF2F9BBFE0FF937" box="[330,398,1645,1668]" name="France" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">France</collectingCountry>
, Paris Basin, Oise, Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFFE41FFF3CF961FD19F97C" box="[132,664,1719,1743]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" type="distribution">
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. — Only known from the
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locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFFE41CFF3CF924FF77F858" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="519" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" type="description">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFFE41FFF3CF8C4FAA9FCE3" blockId="25.[131,776,1778,2028]" lastBlockId="25.[811,1458,215,848]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
Unknow protoconch. Teleoconch up to
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in height, up to
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in width, biconic in profile, composed of five whorls. Moderately high spire. Last whorl 74% of total length. Apical angle 74° including spines, 66° excluding spines. Spiral sculpture with fine, narrow, well developed primary cords. First whorl, no spiral sculpture. Second whorl, appearance of weak P1 and P2. Third whorl, P1 and P2 well marked, appearance of s1. Fourth whorl, appearance of threads on infrasutural ramp. Fifth whorl: P1 to P6, s1 to s3; primary and secondary cords almost same relief; ADP to ABP on siphonal canal. On first whorl, nine protovarices. On second whorl, appearance of varices with two intervarices intercalated. On third whorl: three varices and three intervarices intercalated. From fourth to fifth whorl, three varices and two or three intervarices intercalated. Intevarices low. Higher relief of the intervarices on P2. Varices sublamellose on early whorls, rather thick on last whorls. Appearance of short P1 spine on second whorl. On last whorl, short P1 spine oriented adapically; no other cord spines. Ovate aperture up to 34% of diameter and up to 68% of length of last whorl (including the siphonal canal). Columellar lip smooth, narrow, slightly erect anteriorly, forming flat curved inductura at base. Parietal lip adherent. Outer lip with well developed denticles including ID, D1 to D3 (D4-D5 probably not formed); all denticles simple. Siphonal canal open, slightly dorsally recurved, up to 43% of apertural length. Pseudoumbilicus narrow.
</paragraph>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFFE41FFC95FC43FB13FA5E" blockId="25.[811,1458,885,1517]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
This shell represents the oldest known
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFB64FC43FAC6FC1C" box="[1244,1351,917,943]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB64FC43FAC6FC1C" box="[1244,1351,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Paris Basin, as no
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBBAFC63FBECFC7C" box="[1026,1133,949,975]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBBAFC63FBECFC7C" box="[1026,1133,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded from the Early Cuisian (biozone NP12, Ypresian) despite intensive fieldwork. It is easily distinguishable from the middle Eocene Paris Basin
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFB85FBC2FA87FB9D" box="[1085,1286,1044,1070]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB85FBC2FB2BFB9D" box="[1085,1194,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFAACFBC3FC78FBFD" authority="(Lamarck, 1822)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAACFBC3FA2EFB9D" box="[1300,1455,1044,1070]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. tripteroides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFC8CFBE2FC6EFBFD" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[820,1007,1076,1102]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" refId="ref45696" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1822. - Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales especes qui s'y rapportent et Supplement a divers types de gasteropodes et de Trachelipodes comprenant l'indication des coquilles fossiles qui ne furent point citees dans leurs genres respectifs. Tome 7. Lamarck, Paris, 711 p." type="book" year="1822">Lamarck, 1822</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBB0FBE3FCF2FBDD" authority="(Lamarck, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBB0FBE3FAACFBFD" box="[1032,1325,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFA87FBE2FCEBFBDD" author="LAMARCK J. - B." pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFCC7FB83FB67FBDC" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[895,1254,1108,1135]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFCC7FB83FB9AFBDD" box="[895,1051,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. micropterus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFB92FB82FB5EFBDC" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[1066,1247,1108,1135]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFA99FB83FB07FB3D" authority="Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret, 2017" authorityName="Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capitaneus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFA99FB83FA31FBDD" box="[1313,1456,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. capitaneus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFC95FBA2FB07FB3D" author="PACAUD J. - M. &amp; LEDON D. &amp; GORET B." box="[813,1158,1140,1166]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="58 - 61" refId="ref48127" refString="PACAUD J. - M., LEDON D. &amp; GORET B. 2017. - Timbellus capitaneus n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Lutetien (Eocene moyen) du bassin de Paris. Fossiles. Revue francaise de paleontologie 32: 58 - 61." type="journal article" year="2017">Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Juveniles of
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAA2FBA3FA2EFB3D" box="[1306,1455,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFCD9FB43FC75FB1D" authorityName="Pacaud, Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2017" box="[865,1012,1173,1198]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capitaneus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFCD9FB43FC75FB1D" box="[865,1012,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. capitaneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have weak spiral sculpture;
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFAFAFB42FB99FB7D" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAFAFB42FB99FB7D" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks internal denticles, and juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFCF4FB02FC68FB5E" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[844,1001,1236,1261]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="micropterus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFCF4FB02FC68FB5E" box="[844,1001,1236,1261]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. micropterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have coarser spiral sculpture.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFAFEFB02FCD0FABE" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sixi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAFEFB02FCD0FABE" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Timbellus sixi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFFE41FFCE2FB22FC19FABD" box="[858,920,1268,1294]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFB18FB22FA8CFABE" box="[1184,1293,1268,1293]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB18FB22FA8CFABE" box="[1184,1293,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. magnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. name from Bos dArros and Gan (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFB8AFAC5FB3EFA9D" box="[1074,1215,1299,1326]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos dArros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Fig. 12C, D</figureCitation>
) in sharing a similar shape of its cords (fine, narrow, but well marked) and by having flat intervarices between the varices. However,
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFA23FA82FCD0FA3E" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. sixi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFFE41FFCE3FAA2FC1AFA3D" box="[859,923,1396,1422]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFB8FFAA2FB24FA3E" box="[1079,1189,1396,1421]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB8FFAA2FB24FA3E" box="[1079,1189,1396,1421]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. magnei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
n. name in having less foliated varices, having less numerous intervarices (usually 2-3 instead
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFC43FA62FBE7FA7E" box="[1019,1126,1460,1485]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnei">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFC43FA62FBE7FA7E" box="[1019,1126,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. magnei</emphasis>
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n. name), and by having MP and ABP on the siphonal canal.
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBB9F9C5FAEDF99E" authority="(RODING, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1025,1388,1555,1581]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenulatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBB9F9C5FB9AF99F" box="[1025,1051,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB9BF9CEFB2AF998" box="[1059,1195,1560,1579]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">CRENULATUS</emphasis>
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(
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, 1798)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFFE41CFC95F9E5FF77F858" blockId="25.[811,1455,1555,2028]" lastBlockId="26.[131,776,1523,2027]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="519" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">
In this species group, the last whorl is generally broader than in the species group of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBE4F985FB73F9DF" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[1116,1266,1618,1645]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBE4F985FBEFF9DF" box="[1116,1134,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBC4F984FB73F9DF" box="[1148,1266,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the shoulder spine (P1) is more strongly developed. The spiral sculpture corresponds to fine primary cords, as in the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFAAEF945FA2EF91F" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[1302,1455,1682,1709]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAAEF945FAA9F91F" box="[1302,1320,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFA8FF944FA2EF91F" box="[1335,1455,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group.Two species have an acute open shoulder spine, similar to that seen in the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFB1FF904FCE7F8BF" authority="Jousseaume, 1880" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1880" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterochelus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB1FF904FA9FF95F" box="[1191,1310,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Pterochelus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFA9EF904FCE7F8BF" author="JOUSSEAUME F. P." pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="335 - 338" refId="ref45378" refString="JOUSSEAUME F. P. 1880. - Division methodique de la famille des Purpurides. Le Naturaliste 2 (42): 335 - 338. http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 33928744" type="journal article" year="1880">Jousseaume, 1880</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
: the Eocene species
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBFAF925FA01F8BF" authority="(Roding, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[1090,1408,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenulatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBFAF925FBD5F8BF" box="[1090,1108,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBDBF924FB4EF8BF" box="[1123,1231,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">crenulatus</emphasis>
(Röding, 1798)
</taxonomicName>
and the Miocene species
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFBAAF8C4FCF3F8FF" authority="(Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="Cossmann &amp; Peyrot" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="valdintortus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFBAAF8C4FBA5F898" box="[1042,1060,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFB8BF8C4FB34F89F" box="[1075,1205,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">valdintortus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFB7CF8C4FCEBF8FF" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A." pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="71 - 144" refId="ref43770" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A. 1924. - Conchologie neogenique de l'Aquitaine (Species n ° 707 - 762). Actes de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 75 (2): 71 - 144." type="journal article" year="1924">Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFC7AF8E4FBCBF8F8" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[962,1098,1841,1867]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crenulatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFC7AF8E4FBCBF8F8" box="[962,1098,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T. crenulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group the rounded aperture bears poorly developed denticles or lirae within the outer lip, except in the oldest known member (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFFE41FFA85F8A4FA2FF838" box="[1341,1454,1905,1932]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="palensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFA85F8A4FACEF838" box="[1341,1359,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">T</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFFE41FFAE5F8A7FA2FF838" box="[1373,1454,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">palensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFC8BF844FC4EF818" author="MAGNE A." box="[819,975,1937,1964]" pageId="25" pageNumber="518" pagination="28 - 36" refId="ref46270" refString="MAGNE A. 1941. - Sur quelques especes nouvelles ou interessantes provenant du Calcaire a Asteries de la Souys. Proces-verbaux de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 91: 28 - 36." type="journal article" year="1941">Magne, 1941</bibRefCitation>
]) from the early Eocene of
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFFFE41FFB45F847FAEAF818" box="[1277,1387,1937,1963]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin of Gan (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFFE41FFC29F867FC62F878" box="[913,995,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="24.[132,143,1467,1484]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1424]" captionTargetId="figure-413@24.[698,1267,772,1332]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIG. 12. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnei n. name (A-F) and T. palensis (Magne, 1941) (G-I): A, neotype, BMNH 69802 (Seaman coll.), Bos dArros,Pyrénées-Atlantiques,Aquitaine Basin, France,early Eocene (Ypresian);B, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen and protoconch,Gan (Tuilerie),Pyrénées-Atlantiques,early Eocene (Ypresian);C, D, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen,Gan (Tuilerie);E, F, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); G, MNHN.F.A90553 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie); H, I, MNHN.F.A32509 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie). Scale bars: A, G, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C-F, H, I, 10 mm. Credits: A, D. Serrette (MNHN); B, L. Cazes; E-I, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985786" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985786/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="518">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
G-I). However, according
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFFE41FFAAFF867FC73F858" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G." pageId="25" pageNumber="518" refId="ref43730" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; O'GORMAN G. 1923. - Description des mollusques, in O'GORMAN G. (ed.), Le gisement cuisien de Gan (Basses Pyrenees). Cossmann, Pau, 188 p." type="book" year="1923">Cossmann &amp; OGorman (1923)</bibRefCitation>
, the short shape and the rounded aperture of shells of this species resemble more closely
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFDC4FA25FE40F99E" authority="(Lamarck, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFDC4FA25FE80F99F" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFCE41CFEB6F9C4FE39F99E" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[270,440,1554,1581]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
than
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFE46F9C5FD10F99F" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[510,657,1554,1580]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFE46F9C5FD10F99F" box="[510,657,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Probably, the presence of internal denticles in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFD98F9E5FD11F9FF" box="[544,656,1586,1612]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="palensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFD98F9E5FD11F9FF" box="[544,656,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. palensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
represents a plesiomorphic character state and its loss in younger species of this group (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFE07F9A5FD57F93F" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[447,726,1650,1676]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFE07F9A5FD57F93F" box="[447,726,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. crenulatus tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFF3FF945FE00F91F" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[135,385,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="crenulatus" subSpecies="crenulatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFF3FF945FE00F91F" box="[135,385,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. crenulatus crenulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) represents a derived state. For this group, we describe a new species:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFE42F965FD06F97F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[506,647,1715,1740]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="curvispina" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFE42F965FD06F97F" box="[506,647,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. curvispina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFCE41CFD36F965FD4BF97E" box="[654,714,1715,1741]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
from the Lutetian of the Paris Basin. As for
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFD86F905FD52F95F" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[574,723,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tripteroides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFD86F905FD52F95F" box="[574,723,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">T. tripteroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the type material of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFCE41CFE84F925FD38F8BF" authority="Lamarck, 1803" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1803" box="[316,697,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tricarinatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFCE41CFE84F925FD86F8BF" box="[316,519,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Murex tricarinatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFCE41CFDB6F924FD38F8BF" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[526,697,1778,1804]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
is lost, as it is also missing in the collections of Geneva and Paris. In order to avoid future taxonomic mistakes, we designate a
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFCE41CFF20F884FF70F8DF" box="[152,241,1874,1900]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
herein (MNHN.F.A90547,
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFCE41CFD80F887FD3FF8DF" box="[568,702,1873,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="26.[132,143,1378,1395]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-411@26.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIG. 14. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus crenulatus tricarinatus (Lamarck, 1803) (A-C) and T. curvispina n. sp. (D-H): A, original figure of Lamarck (1816: pl. 418, fig. 5a), Thiverval-Grignon, Yvelines, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); B, C, neotype designated herein, MNHN.F.A90547 (MNHN coll.), Thiverval-Grignon (Falunière); D, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin (Bois-du-But), Eure, Paris Basin, France,middle Eocene (Lutetian); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, Oise, middle Eocene (Lutetian);G, H, paratype,MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin. Scale bars: B-H, 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13985794" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13985794/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="519">Fig. 14B, C</figureCitation>
) from the original type locality of Grignon (precisely Falunière of Grignon; Calcaire à Orbitolites complanatus Formation, biozone NP15, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFCE41CFEDCF867FDDBF878" author="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C." box="[356,602,1969,1996]" pageId="26" pageNumber="519" pagination="713 - 747" refId="ref44561" refString="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C. 1991. - Analyse sequentielle de l'Eocene et de l'Oligocene du Bassin parisien (France). Revue de l'institut francais du petrole 46 (6): 713 - 747." type="journal article" year="1991">Gély &amp; Lorenz [1991</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 1], middle Lutetian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>