130 lines
16 KiB
XML
130 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="5CC5C3D44F744201DA7A006D4F175C67" ID-CLB-Dataset="22422" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2015.120" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5fb91ffb-69b9-4e0f-9626-08d75ab0cba8" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3780152" ID-ZooBank="54714320-5726-44CB-8FF5-60E0B984873D" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588343872265" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Boudinot, Brendon E." docDate="2015" docId="038E878CFF99B157FDE5F8F9FE5E1C0B" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2015-120.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 120" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Dolichoderinae Forel 1878" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="51" masterDocId="FFB7FFF4FFA8B165FFB0FFEBFF941F34" masterDocTitle="Contributions to the knowledge of Formicidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata): a new diagnosis of the family, the first global male-based key to subfamilies, and a treatment of early branching lineages" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1698838308357" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="4B99C9B120DE45E58F4776FB132BE623">Contributions to the knowledge of Formicidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata): a new diagnosis of the family, the first global male-based key to subfamilies, and a treatment of early branching lineages</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7332CA4BC993DDDC68AF8D2B4E52AE3A">Boudinot, Brendon E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F88C1C7397922D5D3C1464BF6536D8B8">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="8EF6E4D2DDB5577DD110CDAE972291E4">
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<mods:date id="BDC7186388055F5E6B7BA1632FC55264">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ED70B3A9F374864275AEF6B99BA1B8C5">2015-04-20</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C27196BDE111964A2E6E389291BF62E0" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2015.120</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038E878CFF99B157FDE5F8F9FE5E1C0B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3795060" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163879836" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3795060" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E878CFF99B157FDE5F8F9FE5E1C0B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038E878CFF99B157FDE5F8F9FE5E1C0B" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<subSubSection id="C33D6511FF99B154FDE5F8F9FBBF1818" box="[597,1067,1810,1836]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF99B154FDE5F8F9FBBF1818" blockId="49.[227,1067,1810,1906]" box="[597,1067,1810,1836]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<heading id="D0D081F6FF99B154FDE5F8F9FBBF1818" box="[597,1067,1810,1836]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FD6DF8F9FBBF1818" ID-CoL="JGK" authority="Forel, 1878" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1878" box="[733,1067,1810,1836]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FD6DF8F9FC081818" bold="true" box="[733,924,1810,1836]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Dolichoderinae</emphasis>
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Forel, 1878
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6511FF99B154FD51F8DEFC0A1864" box="[737,926,1845,1872]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF99B154FD51F8DEFC0A1864" blockId="49.[227,1067,1810,1906]" box="[737,926,1845,1872]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<figureCitation id="131C2A1FFF99B154FD51F8DEFCAA1864" box="[737,830,1845,1872]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[227,270,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[319,1356,302,1826]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[317,1356,302,1830]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. A–B. Forewing. A. Ventral view, gyne. B. Dorsal view, male. C–D. Mesosoma, lateral view, male. E–F. Paramere, lateral view, male. — A. Aneuretus simoni (Sri Lanka, CASENT0172259, A. Nobile). B. Nylanderia vividula (U.S.A., CASENT0058918, A. Nobile). C. Apomyrma stygia (Central African Republic, CASENT0086073, E. Prado). D. Anochetus boltoni (Madagascar, CASENT0063847, A. Nobile). E. Dolichoderus validus (Costa Rica, INB0003662427, B. Boudinot). F. Formica pacifica (U.S.A., JTLC000006350, B. Boudinot). Scale bars: A–C, E–F = 0.5 mm, D = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3780162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3780162/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Figs 7E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131C2A1FFF99B154FCFBF8DEFCFC1864" box="[843,872,1845,1872]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="53.[227,270,1898,1924]" captionTargetBox="[227,1436,510,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[227,1436,510,1849]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Fig. 15. Male representatives of three subfamilies. A, D. Frontal view. B–C, E. Lateral view. — A–B. Pseudomyrmex holmgreni, Pseudomyrmecinae (Paraguay, CASENT0173758, A. Nobile). C. Aneuretus simoni, Aneuretinae, used with permission from Wilson et al. (1956). D–E. Technomyrmex difficilis, Dolichoderinae (Madagascar, CASENT0049968, A. Nobile). Scale bars: A, D = 0.2 mm, B = 1.0 mm, E = 0.5 mm, no scale available for C." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3780178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3780178/files/figure.png" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">15</figureCitation>
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D–E
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6511FF99B157FF53F8B3FB981EA5" lastPageId="50" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF99B154FF53F8B3FEC81846" blockId="49.[227,1067,1810,1906]" box="[227,348,1880,1906]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<heading id="D0D081F6FF99B154FF53F8B3FEC81846" box="[227,348,1880,1906]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FF53F8B3FEC81846" bold="true" box="[227,348,1880,1906]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF99B154FF53F86CFA0818DC" blockId="49.[227,1436,1927,2024]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FEABF86CFE441895" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1878" box="[283,464,1927,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">Dolichoderinae</taxonomicName>
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are uniquely identified by the telomere, which is strongly reduced and does not extend anteroventrad the basimere. Males of the subfamily are further identified by the following combination of characters: oblique mesopleural sulcus present; seven or fewer closed cells present on
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF99B154FF53F81AFA08173F" blockId="49.[227,1436,2033,2059]" box="[227,1436,2033,2059]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">forewing; jugal lobe absent; petiolar peduncle short or absent; abdominal segment III unpetiolated;</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF9AB157FF53FEDAFB981EA5" blockId="50.[227,1436,305,402]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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abdominal segment IV without cinctus between pre- and postsclerites; abdominal sternum IX unpronged and edentate. Additional characters for distinguishing males of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FC5AFEBFFB0B1E5A" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1878" box="[1002,1183,340,366]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">Dolichoderinae</taxonomicName>
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from the
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FABDFEBFFA081E5A" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[1293,1436,340,366]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FEA4FE9CFE0E1EA5" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[276,410,375,401]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Formicinae">Formicinae</taxonomicName>
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are indicated in couplets 19 and 20 of the key above.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6511FF9AB157FF53FE52FE5E1C0B" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF9AB157FF53FE52FEFE1EE7" blockId="50.[227,362,441,467]" box="[227,362,441,467]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<heading id="D0D081F6FF9AB157FF53FE52FEFE1EE7" bold="true" box="[227,362,441,467]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF9AB157FF53FE52FEFE1EE7" bold="true" box="[227,362,441,467]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Comments</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF9AB157FF53FE0CFE5E1C0B" blockId="50.[227,1437,487,831]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FEA5FE0CFE5E1D35" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1878" box="[277,458,487,513]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">Dolichoderinae</taxonomicName>
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is one of the major ant lineages, with over 700 described species distributed in 28 valid genera. Males are unknown for four genera (
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FD6CFDE0FCC91D11" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1909" box="[732,861,523,549]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ecphorella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF9AB157FD6CFDE0FCC91D11" box="[732,861,523,549]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Ecphorella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FCD9FDE0FC7F1D11" authorityName="Wild & Cuezzo" authorityYear="2006" box="[873,1003,523,549]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Gracilidris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF9AB157FCD9FDE0FC7F1D11" box="[873,1003,523,549]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Gracilidris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FC47FDE0FBE21D11" authorityName="Shattuck" authorityYear="1992" box="[1015,1142,523,549]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Loweriella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF9AB157FC47FDE0FBE21D11" box="[1015,1142,523,549]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Loweriella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FB32FDE0FAC21D11" authorityName="Dubovikov" authorityYear="2004" box="[1154,1366,523,549]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Nebothriomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF9AB157FB32FDE0FAC21D11" box="[1154,1366,523,549]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Nebothriomyrmex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). One of the historically intractable problems of myrmecology has been the separation of male
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FB57FDC5FA081D7C" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1878" box="[1255,1436,558,584]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">Dolichoderinae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FEA7FDBAFE351D5F" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[279,417,593,619]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Formicinae">Formicinae</taxonomicName>
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. Here, the telomeral character described by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF9AB157FC04FDBAFB6A1D5F" author="Yoshimura M. & Fisher B. L." box="[948,1278,593,619]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref33612" refString="Yoshimura M. & Fisher B. L. 2011. A revision of male ants of the Malagasy region (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): Key to genera of the subfamily Dolichoderinae. Zootaxa 2794: 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="2011">Yoshimura & Fisher (2011)</bibRefCitation>
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is confirmed as a diagnostic synapomorphy of the subfamily on a global scale, while the antennal torulus to clypeus distance character was first described to the author’s knowledge in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF9AB157FBB7FD7CFAAC1D86" author="Czechowski W. & Radchenko A. & Czechowska W. & Vepsalainen K." box="[1031,1336,663,690]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refId="ref30602" refString="Czechowski W., Radchenko A., Czechowska W. & Vepsalainen K. 2012. The ants of Poland with reference to the myrmecofauna of Europe. Fauna Poloniae 4. Warsaw, Natura Optima Dux Foundation." type="book" year="2012">
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Czechowski
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF9AB157FB10FD73FB491D85" box="[1184,1245,663,689]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">et al.</emphasis>
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(2012)
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</bibRefCitation>
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. Several other characters were found to distinguish male
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FCA6FD50FC5F1DE1" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1878" box="[790,971,699,725]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">Dolichoderinae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FBB3FD50FB181DE1" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[1027,1164,699,725]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Formicinae">Formicinae</taxonomicName>
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, as indicated in the key and this diagnosis. Genera of
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF9AB157FDF9FD35FD6A1DCC" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1878" box="[585,766,734,760]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">Dolichoderinae</taxonomicName>
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have been keyed globally by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF9AB157FBD7FD35FABC1DCC" author="Shattuck S. O." box="[1127,1320,734,760]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 181" refId="ref32703" refString="Shattuck S. O. 1992. Generic revision of the ant subfamily Dolichoderinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Sociobiology 21: 1 - 181." type="journal article" year="1992">Shattuck (1992)</bibRefCitation>
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, although this key stands in need of updating. A key to the New World dolichoderine genera is in preparation (B. Boudinot, in prep.).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |