328 lines
41 KiB
XML
328 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document id="684A0E2E426DD2BA4964F99A3EA734C0" ID-CLB-Dataset="22422" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2015.120" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5fb91ffb-69b9-4e0f-9626-08d75ab0cba8" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3780152" ID-ZooBank="54714320-5726-44CB-8FF5-60E0B984873D" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588343872265" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Boudinot, Brendon E." docDate="2015" docId="038E878CFF98B154FDD1F901FD7919DF" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2015-120.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 120" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Aneuretinae Emery 1913" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="FFB7FFF4FFA8B165FFB0FFEBFF941F34" masterDocTitle="Contributions to the knowledge of Formicidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata): a new diagnosis of the family, the first global male-based key to subfamilies, and a treatment of early branching lineages" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1698838308357" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="09728FDCEF78BCEB828DB7540687B1E1">Contributions to the knowledge of Formicidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata): a new diagnosis of the family, the first global male-based key to subfamilies, and a treatment of early branching lineages</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="570ADECDC787195B48B02166E248C840">Boudinot, Brendon E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C997B56C3E63DA1A5E1F99A0BE36C52E">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DE9BB8A92DE9949EC967B7839DB2FFD8">
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<mods:date id="37FE50BD211485EF4F2C2A3DB160A821">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F4790D5B90688325893B562C51D2FC10">2015-04-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BC92088BB267170BCD0DB59C527B933E">120</mods:number>
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<treatment id="038E878CFF98B154FDD1F901FD7919DF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3795053" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163879839" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3795053" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E878CFF98B154FDD1F901FD7919DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038E878CFF98B154FDD1F901FD7919DF" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="C33D6511FF98B155FDD1F901FB8B1830" box="[609,1055,1770,1796]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF98B155FDD1F901FB8B1830" blockId="48.[609,1055,1770,1832]" box="[609,1055,1770,1796]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D0D081F6FF98B155FDD1F901FB8B1830" box="[609,1055,1770,1796]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF98B155FD57F901FB8B1830" ID-CoL="J5B" authority="Emery, 1913" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[743,1055,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF98B155FD57F901FC151830" bold="true" box="[743,897,1770,1796]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Aneuretinae</emphasis>
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Emery, 1913
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6511FF98B155FD41F8E6FC1A181C" box="[753,910,1805,1832]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF98B155FD41F8E6FC1A181C" blockId="48.[609,1055,1770,1832]" box="[753,910,1805,1832]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<figureCitation id="131C2A1FFF98B155FD41F8E6FCC51813" box="[753,849,1805,1831]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="20.[227,270,1860,1886]" captionTargetBox="[319,1356,302,1826]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[317,1356,302,1830]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Fig. 7. A–B. Forewing. A. Ventral view, gyne. B. Dorsal view, male. C–D. Mesosoma, lateral view, male. E–F. Paramere, lateral view, male. — A. Aneuretus simoni (Sri Lanka, CASENT0172259, A. Nobile). B. Nylanderia vividula (U.S.A., CASENT0058918, A. Nobile). C. Apomyrma stygia (Central African Republic, CASENT0086073, E. Prado). D. Anochetus boltoni (Madagascar, CASENT0063847, A. Nobile). E. Dolichoderus validus (Costa Rica, INB0003662427, B. Boudinot). F. Formica pacifica (U.S.A., JTLC000006350, B. Boudinot). Scale bars: A–C, E–F = 0.5 mm, D = 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3780162" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3780162/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Figs 7A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="131C2A1FFF98B155FCEDF8E6FC1A181C" box="[861,910,1805,1832]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="53.[227,270,1898,1924]" captionTargetBox="[227,1436,510,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@53.[227,1436,510,1849]" captionTargetPageId="53" captionText="Fig. 15. Male representatives of three subfamilies. A, D. Frontal view. B–C, E. Lateral view. — A–B. Pseudomyrmex holmgreni, Pseudomyrmecinae (Paraguay, CASENT0173758, A. Nobile). C. Aneuretus simoni, Aneuretinae, used with permission from Wilson et al. (1956). D–E. Technomyrmex difficilis, Dolichoderinae (Madagascar, CASENT0049968, A. Nobile). Scale bars: A, D = 0.2 mm, B = 1.0 mm, E = 0.5 mm, no scale available for C." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3780178" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3780178/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">15C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6511FF98B154FF53F8A5FEC11EA5" lastPageId="49" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF98B155FF53F8A5FEC8185C" blockId="48.[227,348,1870,1896]" box="[227,348,1870,1896]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D0D081F6FF98B155FF53F8A5FEC8185C" bold="true" box="[227,348,1870,1896]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF98B155FF53F8A5FEC8185C" bold="true" box="[227,348,1870,1896]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF98B155FF53F896FA081735" blockId="48.[227,1436,1917,2049]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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The male of
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF98B155FEC8F895FDD718A3" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1893" box="[376,579,1918,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aneuretus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF98B155FEC8F895FDD718A3" box="[376,579,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Aneuretus simoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is uniquely identified by the exceedingly long and thin petiolar peduncle and the unpetiolated third abdominal segment. The species is further identified by the following combination of characters: oblique mesopleural sulcus present; seven closed cells present on forewing; jugal lobe absent; abdominal segment IV without cinctus between pre- and postsclerites; abdominal
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF99B154FF53FED9FEC11EA5" blockId="49.[227,1436,305,402]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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sternum IX unpronged and edentate; telomere extending anteroventrad basimere. Additional characters for distinguishing
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FE0CFEBEFDB81E5A" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1893" box="[444,556,341,367]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aneuretus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FE0CFEBEFDB81E5A" box="[444,556,341,367]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">A. simoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FD13FEBFFCCC1E5A" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1878" box="[675,856,340,366]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">Dolichoderinae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FC24FEBFFB8E1E5A" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[916,1050,340,366]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Formicinae">Formicinae</taxonomicName>
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are indicated in couplets 19 and 20 above.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6511FF99B154FF53FE52FD7919DF" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF99B154FF53FE52FEFE1EE7" blockId="49.[227,362,441,467]" box="[227,362,441,467]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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<heading id="D0D081F6FF99B154FF53FE52FEFE1EE7" bold="true" box="[227,362,441,467]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FF53FE52FEFE1EE7" bold="true" box="[227,362,441,467]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Comments</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B98369AFF99B154FF53FE0CFC9E1CB1" blockId="49.[227,1437,487,901]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
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The sole extant member of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FDEDFE0CFD7B1D35" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[605,751,487,513]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FD4DFE03FCFA1D35" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1893" box="[765,878,488,514]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aneuretus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FD4DFE03FCFA1D35" box="[765,878,488,514]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">A. simoni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, is restricted to
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<collectingCountry id="F330760AFF99B154FB85FE0CFB391D35" box="[1077,1197,487,513]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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, and is the survivor of a lineage which has a somewhat diverse fossil record (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FC15FDE0FB021D11" author="LaPolla J. S. & Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V." box="[933,1174,523,549]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="609 - 630" refId="ref31840" refString="LaPolla J. S., Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V. 2013. Ants and the fossil record. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 609 - 630. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev-ento- 120710 - 100600" type="journal article" year="2013">
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LaPolla
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FBBDFDE7FBD01D11" box="[1037,1092,523,549]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
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. 2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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). The subfamily is of considerable interest as it is sister to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FD64FDC5FBEA1D7D" authority="(Brady et al. 2006)" baseAuthorityName="Brady" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[724,1150,558,585]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">
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Dolichoderinae (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FC2BFDC5FBE21D7D" author="Brady S. G. & Schultz T. R. & Fisher B. L. & Ward P. S." box="[923,1142,558,585]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="18172 - 18177" refId="ref30264" refString="Brady S. G., Schultz T. R., Fisher B. L. & Ward P. S. 2006. Evaluating alternative hypotheses for the early evolution and diversification of ants. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103: 18172 - 18177. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1073 / pnas. 0605858103" type="journal article" year="2006">
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Brady
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FC5FFDC4FBB11D7C" box="[1007,1061,558,584]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2006
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</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. Eight fossil genera are ascribed to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FE2DFDBAFDB81D5F" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[413,556,593,619]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
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based on the work of several authors (e.g.,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FBF7FDBAFA041D5F" author="Dlussky G. M. & Rasnitsyn A. P." box="[1095,1424,593,619]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1024 - 1042" refId="ref31014" refString="Dlussky G. M. & Rasnitsyn A. P. 2009. Ants (Insecta: Vespida: Formicidae) in the Upper Eocene amber of central and eastern Europe. Paleontological Journal 43: 1024 - 1042." type="journal article" year="2009">Dlussky & Rasnitsyn 2009</bibRefCitation>
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). Some taxa, based on workers, are definitely members of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FC6CFD9FFBFA1DBA" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[988,1134,628,654]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
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, i.e., †
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FB76FD9EFAF11DBA" box="[1222,1381,629,654]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Paraneuretus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FB76FD9EFAF11DBA" box="[1222,1381,629,654]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Paraneuretus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and †
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FF41FD73FE031D85" box="[241,407,664,689]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Protaneuretus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FF41FD73FE031D85" box="[241,407,664,689]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Protaneuretus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Baltic amber (37–42 My;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FCB9FD7CFC251D86" author="Wheeler W. M." box="[777,945,663,690]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 142" refId="ref33322" refString="Wheeler W. M. 1915 (1914). The ants of the Baltic Amber. Schriften der Physikalisch-Okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg 55: 1 - 142." type="journal article" year="1915">Wheeler 1915</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FC0CFD7CFB091D86" author="LaPolla J. S. & Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V." box="[956,1181,663,690]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="609 - 630" refId="ref31840" refString="LaPolla J. S., Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V. 2013. Ants and the fossil record. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 609 - 630. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev-ento- 120710 - 100600" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
LaPolla
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FBAEFD73FBC51D85" box="[1054,1105,663,689]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), while others are less certain, i.e., †
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FE35FD57FDB41DE1" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1915" box="[389,544,700,725]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pityomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FE35FD57FDB41DE1" box="[389,544,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pityomyrmex</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(also from Baltic amber,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FCE3FD50FC691DE1" author="Wheeler W. M." box="[851,1021,698,725]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 142" refId="ref33322" refString="Wheeler W. M. 1915 (1914). The ants of the Baltic Amber. Schriften der Physikalisch-Okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg 55: 1 - 142." type="journal article" year="1915">Wheeler 1915</bibRefCitation>
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||
; placed in
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FBCEFD50FA991DE1" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[1150,1293,699,725]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
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by Dlussky & Rasnisyn 2009) and †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FDB2FD35FD011DCC" box="[514,661,734,760]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aneuretellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FDB2FD35FD011DCC" box="[514,661,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Aneuretellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Sakhalin amber, 56–59 My; Dlussky 1988;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FB1AFD35FA041DCC" author="LaPolla J. S. & Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V." box="[1194,1424,734,760]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="609 - 630" refId="ref31840" refString="LaPolla J. S., Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V. 2013. Ants and the fossil record. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 609 - 630. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev-ento- 120710 - 100600" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
LaPolla
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FABDFD34FAD51DCC" box="[1293,1345,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The impression-fossil taxa †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FD81FCE9FD451C2F" authorityName="Dlussky & Perfilieva" authorityYear="2014" box="[561,721,770,795]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Britaneuretus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FD81FCE9FD451C2F" box="[561,721,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Britaneuretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FCBFFCEAFB921C2F" author="Antropov A. V. & Belokobylskij S. A. & Compton S. G. & Dlussky G. M. & Khalaim A. I. & Kolyada V. A. & Kozlov M. A. & Perfilieva K. S. & Rasnitsyn A. P." box="[783,1030,769,796]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="335 - 446" refId="ref29400" refString="Antropov A. V., Belokobylskij S. A., Compton S. G., Dlussky G. M., Khalaim A. I., Kolyada V. A., Kozlov M. A., Perfilieva K. S. & Rasnitsyn A. P. 2014. The wasps, bees and ants (Insecta: Vespida = Hymenoptera) from the insect limestone (Late Eocene) of the Isle of Wight, UK. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 104: 335 - 446." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Antropov
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FC37FCE9FC2F1C2F" box="[903,955,769,795]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FBE7FCE9FB7E1C2F" authorityName="Carpenter" authorityYear="1930" box="[1111,1258,770,795]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Mianeuretus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FBE7FCE9FB7E1C2F" box="[1111,1258,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Mianeuretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see Carpenter 1930) may not be members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FDCEFCCFFC851C0A" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[638,785,804,830]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Because of the occurrence of definitive aneuretines in Baltic amber, it will be critical to carefully study the reproductives occurring in these fossils to determine whether any may be placed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FDC3FC80FC921CB1" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[627,774,875,901]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98369AFF99B154FF53FC46FAF61A37" blockId="49.[227,1437,940,1283]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Two fossil “aneuretine” taxa are worth discussing specifically. The affinities of †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FB39FC46FABE1CF2" authorityName="in Dlussky" authorityYear="1996" box="[1161,1322,941,966]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Burmomyrma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FB39FC46FABE1CF2" box="[1161,1322,941,966]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Burmomyrma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(~98 My, Burmese amber;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FE1DFC24FDC01CDD" author="Dlussky G. M." box="[429,596,975,1001]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="449 - 454" refId="ref30835" refString="Dlussky G. M. 1996. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Burmese amber. Paleontological Journal 30: 449 - 454." type="journal article" year="1996">Dlussky 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FDD1FC24FCD01CDD" author="LaPolla J. S. & Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V." box="[609,836,975,1002]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="609 - 630" refId="ref31840" refString="LaPolla J. S., Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V. 2013. Ants and the fossil record. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 609 - 630. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev-ento- 120710 - 100600" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
LaPolla
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FD74FC3BFD6D1CDD" box="[708,761,975,1001]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FC26FC3BFBAE1CDE" authorityName="Engel & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2005" box="[918,1082,976,1002]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cananeuretus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FC26FC3BFBAE1CDE" box="[918,1082,976,1002]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Cananeuretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(78–19 My, Canadian amber;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FF53FC19FE691B39" author="Engel M. S. & Grimaldi D. A." box="[227,509,1010,1037]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref31150" refString="Engel M. S. & Grimaldi D. A. 2005. Primitive new ants in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar, New Jersey, and Canada (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). American Museum Novitates 3485: 1 - 23." type="journal article" year="2005">Engel & Grimaldi 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FDBAFC19FD781B39" author="LaPolla J. S. & Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V." box="[522,748,1010,1037]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="609 - 630" refId="ref31840" refString="LaPolla J. S., Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V. 2013. Ants and the fossil record. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 609 - 630. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev-ento- 120710 - 100600" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
LaPolla
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FDDDFC18FD351B39" box="[621,673,1011,1037]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FC88FC18FB971B38" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1893" box="[824,1027,1011,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aneuretus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FC88FC18FB971B38" box="[824,1027,1011,1037]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Aneuretus simoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are uncertain. The description and illustration of †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FE10FBFCFCBC1B05" authority="in Dlussky (1996)" authorityName="in Dlussky" authorityYear="1996" box="[416,808,1046,1073]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Burmomyrma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FE10FBFCFDD51B04" box="[416,577,1047,1072]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Burmomyrma</emphasis>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FDDEFBFDFCBC1B05" author="Dlussky G. M." box="[622,808,1046,1073]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="449 - 454" refId="ref30835" refString="Dlussky G. M. 1996. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Burmese amber. Paleontological Journal 30: 449 - 454." type="journal article" year="1996">Dlussky (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
provide no characters which support a relationship of the fossil taxon with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FDA4FBD2FD1E1B67" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1893" box="[532,650,1081,1107]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aneuretus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FDA4FBD2FD1E1B67" box="[532,650,1081,1107]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Aneuretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the diagnosis includes one extreme autapomorphy and several characters which are pleisiomorphic for the family or are broadly shared among several subfamilies. The character combination indicated by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FD70FB94FCE21BAE" author="Dlussky G. M." box="[704,886,1151,1178]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="449 - 454" refId="ref30835" refString="Dlussky G. M. 1996. Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Burmese amber. Paleontological Journal 30: 449 - 454." type="journal article" year="1996">Dlussky (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
to assign †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FC4EFB6BFB0B1BAD" authorityName="in Dlussky" authorityYear="1996" box="[1022,1183,1152,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Burmomyrma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FC4EFB6BFB0B1BAD" box="[1022,1183,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Burmomyrma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FB41FB94FA141BAD" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[1265,1408,1151,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is weak, especially given that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FD9EFB48FD301B89" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1893" box="[558,676,1187,1213]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aneuretus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FD9EFB48FD301B89" box="[558,676,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Aneuretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has complete (“ancestral”) wing venation while †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FB4BFB48FA081B88" authorityName="in Dlussky" authorityYear="1996" box="[1275,1436,1187,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Burmomyrma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FB4BFB48FA081B88" box="[1275,1436,1187,1212]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Burmomyrma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks almost all vein abscissae. Placement of †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FCB8FB2CFC3D1BD4" authorityName="in Dlussky" authorityYear="1996" box="[776,937,1223,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Burmomyrma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FCB8FB2CFC3D1BD4" box="[776,937,1223,1248]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Burmomyrma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FB9FFB2DFB591BD4" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1910" box="[1071,1229,1222,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Leptanillinae">Leptanillinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and indeed other aculeate hymenopteran families, cannot be ruled out. No taxonomic action is taken here, however.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B98369AFF99B154FF53FAC0FD7919DF" blockId="49.[227,1437,1322,1771]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
†
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FF41FAC0FE011A71" authorityName="Engel & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2005" box="[241,405,1323,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cananeuretus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FF41FAC0FE011A71" box="[241,405,1323,1349]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Cananeuretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, on the other hand, cannot be so easily considered distantly related to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FB64FAC1FAF31A70" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[1236,1383,1322,1348]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Grassy Lake deposit of Canadian amber includes representatives of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FBA2FAA5FB761A5C" authorityName="Wilson & Brown" authorityYear="1967" box="[1042,1250,1358,1384]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sphecomyrminae">Sphecomyrminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FB5BFAA5FA0C1A5C" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1895" box="[1259,1432,1358,1384]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ectatomminae">Ectatomminae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and critically, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FE04FA9AFCF21ABF" authority="(LaPolla et al. 2013)" baseAuthorityName="LaPolla" baseAuthorityYear="2013" box="[436,870,1393,1419]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">
|
||
Dolichoderinae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FDC8FA9AFCCA1ABF" author="LaPolla J. S. & Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V." box="[632,862,1393,1419]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="609 - 630" refId="ref31840" refString="LaPolla J. S., Dlussky G. M. & Perrichot V. 2013. Ants and the fossil record. Annual Review of Entomology 58: 609 - 630. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1146 / annurev-ento- 120710 - 100600" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
LaPolla
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FD6CFA99FC9B1ABF" box="[732,783,1393,1419]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. While the placement of the fossil dolichoderine †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FF41FA7FFE321A9A" box="[241,422,1428,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Chronomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FF41FA7FFE321A9A" box="[241,422,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Chronomyrmex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FE51FA7FFD461A9A" author="McKellar R. C. & Glasier J. R. N. & Engel M. S." box="[481,722,1428,1455]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="583 - 594" refId="ref31952" refString="McKellar R. C., Glasier J. R. N. & Engel M. S. 2013. New ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae) from Canadian Late Cretaceous amber. Bulletin of Geosciences 88: 583 - 594. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3140 / bull. geosci. 1425" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
||
McKellar
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FDE7FA7EFD1D1A9A" box="[599,649,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2013
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FC95FA7FFA921A9A" authority="(sensu Ward et al. 2010)" baseAuthorityName="Ward" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[805,1286,1428,1455]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Leptomyrmecini">
|
||
Leptomyrmecini (
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FC48FA7EFBAD1A9A" box="[1016,1081,1429,1454]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FB8FFA7FFB691A9A" author="Ward P. S. & Brady S. G. & Fisher B. L. & Schultz T. R." box="[1087,1277,1428,1455]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="342 - 362" refId="ref33048" refString="Ward P. S., Brady S. G., Fisher B. L. & Schultz T. R. 2010. Phylogeny and biogeography of dolichoderine ants: effects of data partitioning and relict taxa on historical inference. Systematic Biology 59: 342 - 362. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syq 012" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Ward
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FB33FA7EFB211A9A" box="[1155,1205,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is debatable, co-occurrence of these subfamilies in this deposit suggests the placement of †
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FBD7FA53FA9F1AE6" authorityName="Engel & Grimaldi" authorityYear="2005" box="[1127,1291,1464,1490]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cananeuretus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FBD7FA53FA9F1AE6" box="[1127,1291,1464,1490]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Cananeuretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is plausible. As the diagnosis of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FDB2FA31FD051AC0" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[514,657,1498,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
provided here and previously (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FBBBFA31FB7B1AC1" author="Wilson E. O. & Eisner T. & Wheeler G. C. & Wheeler J." box="[1035,1263,1498,1525]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="81 - 99" refId="ref33480" refString="Wilson E. O., Eisner T., Wheeler G. C. & Wheeler J. 1956. Aneuretus simoni Emery, a major link in ant evolution. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 115: 81 - 99." type="journal article" year="1956">
|
||
Wilson
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FBDAFA30FB341AC0" box="[1130,1184,1498,1524]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1956
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FB4EFA31FA001AC1" author="Bolton B." box="[1278,1428,1498,1525]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 370" refId="ref30019" refString="Bolton B. 2003. Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 71: 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E3F878FF99B154FB4EFA31FADA1AC0" box="[1278,1358,1498,1524]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bolton" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Bolton</collectingRegion>
|
||
2003
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) is based largely on pleisiomorphic characters, other characters should be considered. For example, future studies of Canadian amber should be sensitive to specific traits occurring in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FB17F9CAFA89190F" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1893" box="[1191,1309,1569,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aneuretus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FB17F9CAFA89190F" box="[1191,1309,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Aneuretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and extant
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FF53F9AFFE08196A" box="[227,412,1604,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">Dolichoderinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FE16F9AFFD88196A" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1893" box="[422,540,1604,1630]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Aneuretus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FE16F9AFFD88196A" box="[422,540,1604,1630]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Aneuretus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares, among other characters, a deep median notch on the anterior clypeal margin and fine serrations intercalated among larger denticles on the masticatory mandibular margin, both of which occur in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FD9FF961FD2D1990" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[559,697,1674,1700]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Tapinomini">Tapinomini</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the tribe sister to the remaining
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FBFDF961FEBF19FC" authority="(Ward et al. 2010)" baseAuthorityName="Ward" baseAuthorityYear="2010" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">
|
||
Dolichoderinae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B6BFF99B154FAA4F961FEB719FC" author="Ward P. S. & Brady S. G. & Fisher B. L. & Schultz T. R." pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="342 - 362" refId="ref33048" refString="Ward P. S., Brady S. G., Fisher B. L. & Schultz T. R. 2010. Phylogeny and biogeography of dolichoderine ants: effects of data partitioning and relict taxa on historical inference. Systematic Biology 59: 342 - 362. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1093 / sysbio / syq 012" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Ward
|
||
<emphasis id="B953EA88FF99B154FAEFF960FA011990" box="[1375,1429,1674,1700]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Reconsideration of the fossil record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FCB0F945FC1B19FC" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[768,911,1710,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
will be valuable for improving our concepts of both the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FED8F93AFE6319DF" authorityName="Emery" authorityYear="1913" box="[360,503,1745,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aneuretinae">Aneuretinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C274D19FF99B154FD80F93AFD7D19DF" box="[560,745,1745,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Dolichoderinae">Dolichoderinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |