treatments-xml/data/03/8D/F8/038DF81F221FFF9EFF601CD8612FCD69.xml
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<document id="A29E79B2F21F5E29AE258031EDEC4C99" ID-CLB-Dataset="59007" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.601.1.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="38634d14-f812-4b51-bfc7-01d0cd4b5428" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8129483" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1688976471771" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Xu, Lian-Sheng, Li, Tian, Xu, Ye-Chun &amp; Chen, You-Sheng" docDate="2023" docId="038DF81F221FFF9EFF601CD8612FCD69" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.601.1.5.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 601 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.601.1.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Isotrema guangdongense Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="79" masterDocId="FFB48067221CFF96FFE8192C647DCC4D" masterDocTitle="Isotrema guangdongense (Aristolochiaceae), a new species from Guangdong, South China" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="71" pageNumber="74" updateTime="1699535509887" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="A423D2E0CAF7E7DB2E3E580A0E37550D">Isotrema guangdongense (Aristolochiaceae), a new species from Guangdong, South China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="09E9AAB8964079C19B43A2F974E70088">Xu, Lian-Sheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7A84E687C9AA129AC5C2DAE4E4CA40C0">Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China &amp; xuliansheng @ ibcas. ac. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9874 - 9452</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EB34C4EDA666BE8E4AA0FFDED27CEB2D">Li, Tian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6004653149F2A3E5B796439AC581A24B">Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China &amp; litian 207 @ mails. ucas. ac. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8872 - 7711</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="92612A83C00EBE5C24F750C0F653D243">Xu, Ye-Chun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C4876769EA4DA7F0740CC0AFC691733E">Chen, You-Sheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3C87BA2F495913FBB5FCA8CC4C7D9FB1">Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, China; Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China &amp; yschen @ scbg. ac. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7729 - 1075</mods:affiliation>
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Y.S.Chen &amp; Y.C.Xu
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, forests on mountain slopes, elev.
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Woody liana. Stems terete, densely rusty villous at young twigs, glabrous when aged. Petioles
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long, young ones densely rusty villous; leaf blade cordate, entire, 2530 ×
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, papery, adaxially puberulous or glabrous, abaxially densely rusty villous, veins palmate, 2 pairs from base, base cordate or auriculate, sinus
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deep, apex acute to acuminate. Flowers usually solitary, axillary; pedicels
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long, usually pendulous, densely rusty villous; bracteoles subulate, inserted at the basis of pedicel, densely rusty villous both sides, sessile. Perianth zygomorphic, densely yellow to brown villous abaxially. Calyx tube horseshoe-shaped, externally white with purple-red stripes; basal portion of tube 2030 ×
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, with whitish surface, densely arachnoid tomentum adaxially; upper portion 2030 ×
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, with yellowish surface, almost glabrous; throat of tube yellow, discoid-suborbicular or oval,
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in diam; limb adaxially white with dense big purple spinous processes on whitish surface, distinctly 3-lobed, lobes triangular and apex acute, upper two lobes forming acute angle, abaxially pale white. Stamens
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1 series, fully adnate in 3 pairs to the style column to
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221FFF95FE16113C66A5C467" box="[510,728,2064,2090]" form="gynostemium" pageId="3" pageNumber="74" rank="form">form gynostemium</taxonomicName>
, opposite to the stigma lobes; filaments absent; anthers oblong, ca.
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long. Gynostemium ca.
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long,
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in diam., fleshy; lobes 3, obtuse at apex; margin crisped; ovary inferior, cylindric,
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long,
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in diam., densely rusty villous abaxially; ovules numerous; placentation axillary.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5B19812218FF92FF601E666745CB86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8129491" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8129491" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8129491/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" startId="4.[136,229,1866,1888]" targetBox="[223,1363,281,1841]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9B49092218FF92FF601E666745CB86" blockId="4.[136,1452,1866,1996]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B950951B2218FF92FF601E666481CB12" bold="true" box="[136,252,1866,1888]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A2218FF92FEE91E67658CCB12" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[257,497,1866,1888]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="4" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B2218FF92FEE91E67658CCB12" box="[257,497,1866,1888]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Isotrema guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A. Habitat and habit; B. Stem with alternate leaves; C. Stems with densely rusty villous; D. Petioles; E. Leaf veins; F.Adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) side of leaf; G-I. Front and lateral view of flower, respectively; J-K. Longitudinal section of flower, showing changeable color and villous adaxially; L-M. Gynostemium, showing the paired anthers and their position. All photos were taken by You-Sheng Chen based on Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu 22018.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9B49092218FF92FF551ED767F2C458" blockId="4.[189,911,2043,2069]" box="[189,911,2043,2069]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="B950951B2218FF92FF551ED76544C458" bold="true" box="[189,313,2043,2069]" pageId="4" pageNumber="75">Phenology</emphasis>
:—Flowering in April and fruiting in July to October.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E1A822219FF93FF5519B26739CC91" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9B49092219FF93FF5519B26739CC91" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FF5519B26543CCF5" bold="true" box="[189,318,158,184]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The specific epithet is derived from the
<typeStatus id="549FF7AB2219FF93FCD519B26710CCF5" box="[829,877,158,184]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">type</typeStatus>
locality,
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB2219FF93FC3419B260ADCCF5" box="[988,1232,158,184]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
, South
<collectingCountry id="F33309992219FF93FAC319B2610FCCF5" box="[1323,1394,158,184]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">China</collectingCountry>
. The Chinese name is given as “ffiuẍ†®” (tu er guan mu tong).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E1A822219FF9EFF5519C9612FCD69" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9B49092219FF93FF5519C9602ECD21" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FF5519C96593CCB2" bold="true" box="[189,494,229,256]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:—Through checking numerous specimens and pictures, we found that
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A2219FF93FAA119CB6545CD69" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FAA119CB6545CD69" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Isotrema guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB2219FF93FD7B182667FFCD69" box="[659,898,266,292]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB2219FF93FC5118266012CD69" box="[953,1135,266,292]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Fujian Province</collectingRegion>
, including Guangzhou City, Meizhou City, and Chaozhou City in
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB2219FF93FDD818026763CD05" box="[560,798,302,328]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
and Nanjing County in
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB2219FF93FBD81802609ECD05" box="[1072,1251,302,328]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Fujian Province</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="131F558C2219FF93FB1B18026145CD05" box="[1267,1336,302,328]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1271,1293]" captionTargetBox="[216,1372,395,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-105@5.[210,1378,389,1247]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Distribution of Isotrema guangdongense (●) and I. kwangsiense (▲)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8129495" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8129495/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). It grows in evergreen broadleaved forests on stony mountain slopes at altitudes of
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.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9B49092219FF93FF601DDB67E0C940" blockId="5.[136,925,1270,1293]" box="[136,925,1270,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FF601DDB6483C941" bold="true" box="[136,254,1271,1293]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A2219FF93FE7F1DD466F4C941" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[407,649,1271,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FE7F1DD466F4C941" box="[407,649,1271,1293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Isotrema guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(●) and
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A2219FF93FD341DD46714C941" box="[732,873,1271,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FD341DD46714C941" box="[732,873,1271,1293]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(▲).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9B49092219FF93FF551C1766A3CA38" blockId="5.[136,1452,1339,2086]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FF551C1765D3C918" bold="true" box="[189,430,1339,1365]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Conservation status</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A2219FF93FE3A1C106693C918" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[466,750,1339,1365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FE3A1C106693C918" box="[466,750,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Isotrema guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from a few populations on stony mountain slopes in Guangzhou City, Meizhou City, and Chaozhou City in
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB2219FF93FCF21C7367DDC934" box="[794,928,1375,1401]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
, and Nanjing County in
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB2219FF93FB511C73610CC934" box="[1209,1393,1375,1401]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Fujian Province</collectingRegion>
. One population from Guanghzou is in a scenic spot, but the plant number is very small. The two populations from Meizhou and Chaozhou have been severely damaged due to exploitation by human activities. In addition, most populations are outside of protected areas and local people continue to impose strong pressure on the remaining forest patches for medicinal plants, firewood, and converting the vegetation into tea plantation. Therefore, the new species is assigned a preliminary status of Vulnerable (VU D2) according to the IUCN red list categories and criteria (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB534F82219FF93FB291F3F65A8CA1C" author="IUCN Standards &amp; Petitions Subcommittee" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" refId="ref5052" refString="IUCN Standards &amp; Petitions Subcommittee. (2019) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee." type="book" year="2019">IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2019</bibRefCitation>
), indicating a population with a very restricted area of occupancy (typically less than
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC2219FF93FA671F1B64D1CA38" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C51E4412219FF93FF441F7764C9CA24" attach="left" box="[172,180,1627,1641]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">2</superScript>
) or number of locations (typically five or fewer).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B49092219FF93FF551F5365EEC46B" blockId="5.[136,1452,1339,2086]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FF551F5366CFCAD4" bold="true" box="[189,690,1663,1689]" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Similar species and phylogenetic position</emphasis>
:—
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A2219FF93FD3E1FAC678FCAD4" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[726,1010,1663,1689]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FD3E1FAC678FCAD4" box="[726,1010,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Isotrema guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A2219FF93FB941FAC60A2CAD4" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1819" box="[1148,1247,1664,1689]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FB941FAC60A2CAD4" box="[1148,1247,1664,1689]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Isotrema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because its calyx strongly curved, gynostemium 3-lobed, anthers paired on the outer surface of each gynostemium segment, and capsule dehiscing basipetally.
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A2219FF93FE961FE46639CAAC" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[382,580,1735,1761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FE961FE46639CAAC" box="[382,580,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">I. guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A2219FF93FD391FE46708CAAC" box="[721,885,1735,1761]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B2219FF93FD391FE46708CAAC" box="[721,885,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="131F558C2219FF93FC6B1FEB67B8CAAC" box="[899,965,1735,1761]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[136,229,1350,1371]" captionTargetBox="[352,1236,190,1325]" captionTargetId="figure-33@6.[352,1236,190,1325]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Living plants of Isotrema kwangsiense. A. Habitat and habit; B. Racemes; C. Adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) side of leaf; D-E. Front and lateral view of flower, respectively; F. Longitudinal section of flower, showing changeable color and villous adaxially; G. Gynostemium, showing the paired anthers and their position. All photos were taken by You-Sheng Chen based on plants cultivated in South China Botanical Garden." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8129497" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8129497/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) in its habit, terete stems, entire and cordate leaves, palmate veins, pendulous pedicels, calyx limb with irregularly dotted dark purple, horseshoe-shaped tube and yellow throat of calyx tube, but different by its leaf blade cordate, 2530 ×
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC2219FF93FC3E1E23603BCB67" box="[982,1094,1807,1834]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">2025 cm</quantity>
(vs. cordate to orbicular, 1113 ×
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), leaf apex acute to acuminate (vs. obtuse or acute), leaf indumentum adaxially puberulous or glabrous, abaxially densely rusty villous (vs. both surfaces moderately to densely hirsute), inflorescence usually solitary flowered, usually axillary on new stems (vs. racemes 23 flowered, usually on old stems), pedicel
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC2219FF93FB821E5760C0CBDB" box="[1130,1213,1915,1942]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">47 cm</quantity>
long (vs.
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC2219FF93FAC61E5761D6CBDB" box="[1326,1451,1915,1942]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.53.5 cm</quantity>
long), calyx limb white with dense big purple spinous processes, abaxially pale white (vs. dark purple with dense big purple spinous processes, abaxially pale yellowish green), upper two lobes of calyx limb forming acute angle (vs. flat to obtuse angle), throat of calyx tube
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC2219FF93FDC21ECB66DEC44F" box="[554,675,2023,2050]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="10.0">1017 mm</quantity>
in diam. (vs.
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC2219FF93FCD51ECB67E7C44F" box="[829,922,2023,2050]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">56 mm</quantity>
in diam.) and gynostemium ca.
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC2219FF93FAEA1ECB613EC44F" box="[1282,1347,2023,2050]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
long (vs. ca.
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC2219FF93FF471127648DC46B" box="[175,240,2059,2086]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long) (
<figureCitation id="131F558C2219FF93FEA9112765F8C46B" box="[321,389,2059,2086]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1745,1767]" captionTargetBox="[228,1360,209,1721]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[228,1360,209,1721]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Morphological comparison of Isotrema guangdongense and I. kwangsiense. A. Adaxial side of leaf (left: I. kwangsiense; right: I. guangdongense); B. Lateral view of flower (left: I. kwangsiense; right: I. guangdongense); C. Abaxial side of leaf (left: I. kwangsiense; right: I. guangdongense); D. Front view of flower (left: I. kwangsiense; right: I. guangdongense); E. Calyx limb throat (up: I. guangdongense; down: I. kwangsiense); F: Longitudinal section of flower (left: I. kwangsiense; right: I. guangdongense). Photos of I. guangdongense are all from Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu 22018, photos of I. kwangsiense are all from cultivated plants in South China Botanical Garden.All photos were taken by You-Sheng Chen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8129499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8129499/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="76">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5B1981221AFF90FF601C6A65C8C985" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8129497" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8129497" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8129497/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" startId="6.[136,229,1350,1371]" targetBox="[352,1236,190,1325]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9B4909221AFF90FF601C6A65C8C985" blockId="6.[136,1452,1350,1480]" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FF601C6A6483C916" bold="true" box="[136,254,1350,1371]" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Living plants of
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FE4E1C6A66FFC916" box="[422,642,1350,1371]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FE4E1C6A6600C916" box="[422,637,1350,1371]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">Isotrema kwangsiense</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A. Habitat and habit; B. Racemes; C. Adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) side of leaf; D-E. Front and lateral view of flower, respectively; F. Longitudinal section of flower, showing changeable color and villous adaxially; G. Gynostemium, showing the paired anthers and their position. All photos were taken by You-Sheng Chen based on plants cultivated in South China Botanical Garden.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9B4909221AFF90FF551CDA6564CAA5" blockId="6.[136,1452,1526,2056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
Through further in-depth study of more specimens, we found that
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FC361CDB60F7CA5D" box="[990,1162,1526,1552]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FC361CDB60F7CA5D" box="[990,1162,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is mainly distributed in southwestern
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB221AFF90FECA1F3665FFCA79" box="[290,386,1562,1588]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB221AFF90FE5E1F3666FECA79" box="[438,643,1562,1588]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFB534F8221AFF90FCCA1F3767C0CA79" author="Huang, S. M." box="[802,957,1562,1589]" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" pagination="47 - 62" refId="ref4863" refString="Huang, S. M. (1987) Aristolochiaceae Jussieu. In: Chen, F. H. &amp; Wu, T. L. (Eds.) Flora of Guangdong, vol. 1. Guangdong Science and Technology Press, Guangzhou, pp. 47 - 62." type="book chapter" year="1987">Huang (1987)</bibRefCitation>
and (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB534F8221AFF90FC101F366009CA79" author="Zhao, X. Z." box="[1016,1140,1562,1588]" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" pagination="501 - 507" refId="ref5833" refString="Zhao, X. Z. (1991) Aristolochiaceae Jussieu. In: Anonymous (Ed.) Flora of Fujian, vol. 1. Fujian Science and Technology Press, Fuzhou, pp. 501 - 507." type="book chapter" year="1991">Zhao 1991</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FB6F1F366580CA15" authority="Chun &amp; F. C. How ex C. F. Liang" authorityName="C. F. Liang" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiensis">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FB6F1F3661D1CA79" box="[1159,1452,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Aristolochia kwangsiensis</emphasis>
Chun &amp; F. C. How ex C. F. Liang
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FDF51F1366BFCA15" box="[541,706,1598,1624]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FDF51F1366BFCA15" box="[541,706,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is also distributed in
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB221AFF90FC511F126041CA15" box="[953,1084,1598,1624]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB221AFF90FB991F1260C1CA15" box="[1137,1212,1598,1624]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Fujian</collectingRegion>
. But according to our analyses, the specimens usually identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FD6E1F4F6751CA31" box="[646,812,1634,1660]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FD6E1F4F6751CA31" box="[646,812,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB221AFF90FC991F4E6789CA31" box="[881,1012,1634,1660]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB221AFF90FBC41F4E6009CA31" box="[1068,1140,1634,1660]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Fujian</collectingRegion>
were the misidentifications of
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FF4E1FAB6510CAED" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[166,365,1670,1696]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FF4E1FAB6510CAED" box="[166,365,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">I. guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In conclusion,
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FDF71FAB66B9CAED" box="[543,708,1670,1696]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FDF71FAB66B9CAED" box="[543,708,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only distributed in
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB221AFF90FC5E1FAA606BCAED" box="[950,1046,1670,1696]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB221AFF90FBA41FAA60D2CAED" box="[1100,1199,1670,1696]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
, but
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FB0D1FAB61D1CAED" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[1253,1452,1670,1696]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FB0D1FAB61D1CAED" box="[1253,1452,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">I. guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB221AFF90FE361F86661CCA89" box="[478,609,1706,1732]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB221AFF90FD721F866698CA89" box="[666,741,1706,1732]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Fujian</collectingRegion>
. Therefore, the geographical distributions of these two species are different.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B4909221AFF90FF551FDF65ABCB8D" blockId="6.[136,1452,1526,2056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FF551FDF65AACB41" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[189,471,1778,1804]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FF551FDF65AACB41" box="[189,471,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Isotrema guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FD741FDF6772CB7D" authority="(C. P. Tsien &amp; C. Y. Cheng ex C. Y. Cheng &amp; J. L. Wu 1987: 221) X. X. Zhu, S. Liao &amp; J. S. Ma (2019 a: 8)" authorityName="X. X. Zhu, S. Liao &amp; J. S. Ma" authorityPageNumber="8" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="C. P. Tsien &amp; C. Y. Cheng ex C. Y. Cheng &amp; J. L. Wu" baseAuthorityPageNumber="221" baseAuthorityYear="1987" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="austroszechuanicum">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FD741FDF67EACB41" box="[668,919,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">I. austroszechuanicum</emphasis>
(C. P. Tsien &amp; C. Y. Cheng ex C. Y. Cheng &amp; J. L.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB534F8221AFF90FF4D1E3B653ECB7D" author="Wu, J. L. &amp; Cheng, J. R." box="[165,323,1814,1841]" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" pagination="221 - 223" refId="ref6043" refString="Wu, J. L. &amp; Cheng, J. R. (1987) New taxa of Aristolochia from Sichuan. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research 5: 221 - 223." type="journal article" year="1987">Wu 1987: 221</bibRefCitation>
) X. X. Zhu, S. Liao &amp; J. S. Ma (2019a: 8)
</taxonomicName>
in its habit, terete stems, entire and cordate leaves, adaxially slightly villous, palmate veins, pendulous pedicels, and horseshoe-shaped tube, but distinguished by its white limb with dense big purple spinous processes (vs. yellowish green limb with dense, small purple warts, the pale yellowish green abaxial surface of the limb), throat of calyx tube yellow and
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC221AFF90FC831EAE679ECBD0" box="[875,995,1922,1949]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="10.0">1017 mm</quantity>
in diam. (vs. throat of calyx tube reddish brown and
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC221AFF90FEEE1E8A651ECB8C" box="[262,355,1958,1985]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">69 mm</quantity>
in diam.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B4909221AFF90FF551EE66483C445" blockId="6.[136,1452,1526,2056]" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">
Morphological differences among
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FDD61EE7672BCBA9" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[574,854,1994,2020]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FDD61EE7672BCBA9" box="[574,854,1994,2020]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">Isotrema guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FC8B1EE7607ACBA9" box="[867,1031,1994,2020]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FC8B1EE7607ACBA9" box="[867,1031,1994,2020]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221AFF90FBD21EE76148CBA9" authorityName="X. X. Zhu, S. Liao &amp; J. S. Ma" authorityYear="2019" baseAuthorityName="C. P. Tsien &amp; C. Y. Cheng ex C. Y. Cheng &amp; J. L. Wu" baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[1082,1333,1994,2020]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="6" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="austroszechuanicum">
<emphasis id="B950951B221AFF90FBD21EE76148CBA9" box="[1082,1333,1994,2020]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="77">I. austroszechuanicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are shown in Table 2.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5B1981221BFF91FF601FFD6607CBD6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8129499" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8129499" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8129499/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" startId="7.[136,229,1745,1767]" targetBox="[228,1360,209,1721]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9B4909221BFF91FF601FFD6607CBD6" blockId="7.[136,1452,1745,1947]" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FF601FFD657DCAAA" bold="true" box="[136,256,1745,1767]" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Morphological comparison of
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FDDA1FFE675BCAAB" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[562,806,1745,1767]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FDDA1FFE675BCAAB" box="[562,806,1745,1767]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">Isotrema guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FCB01FFE6792CAAB" box="[856,1007,1745,1767]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FCB01FFE6797CAAB" box="[856,1002,1745,1767]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">I. kwangsiense</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A. Adaxial side of leaf (left:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FAFD1FFE61D9CAAB" box="[1301,1444,1745,1767]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FAFD1FFE61D9CAAB" box="[1301,1444,1745,1767]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; right:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FF2E1FDA6509CB47" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[198,372,1781,1803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FF2E1FDA6509CB47" box="[198,372,1781,1803]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); B. Lateral view of flower (left:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FD381FDA671CCB47" box="[720,865,1781,1803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FD381FDA671CCB47" box="[720,865,1781,1803]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; right:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FC471FDA6023CB47" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[943,1118,1781,1803]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FC471FDA6023CB47" box="[943,1118,1781,1803]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); C. Abaxial side of leaf (left:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FA751FDA657CCB63" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FA751FDA657CCB63" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; right:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FEA01E36658ECB63" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[328,499,1817,1839]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FEA01E36658ECB63" box="[328,499,1817,1839]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); D. Front view of flower (left:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FCCF1E3667C9CB63" box="[807,948,1817,1839]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FCCF1E3667C9CB63" box="[807,948,1817,1839]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; right:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FC131E3660DBCB63" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[1019,1190,1817,1839]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FC131E3660DBCB63" box="[1019,1190,1817,1839]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); E. Calyx limb throat (up:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FF601E126549CB1F" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[136,308,1853,1875]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FF601E126549CB1F" box="[136,308,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; down:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FE6C1E12666CCB1F" box="[388,529,1853,1875]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FE6C1E12666CCB1F" box="[388,529,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); F: Longitudinal section of flower (left:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FC4C1E12604FCB1F" box="[932,1074,1853,1875]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FC4C1E12604FCB1F" box="[932,1074,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; right:
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FB931E12615BCB1F" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" box="[1147,1318,1853,1875]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FB931E12615BCB1F" box="[1147,1318,1853,1875]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Photos of
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FA751E126562CB3B" authorityName="Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="Guangzhou" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="guangdongense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FA751E126562CB3B" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. guangdongense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are all from
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FE711E4E66D1CB3A" box="[409,684,1889,1911]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">Y. S. Chen &amp; Y. C. Xu 22018,</emphasis>
photos of
<taxonomicName id="4C24328A221BFF91FCF91E4E67E0CB3B" box="[785,925,1889,1911]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Isotrema" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="7" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kwangsiense">
<emphasis id="B950951B221BFF91FCF91E4E67E0CB3B" box="[785,925,1889,1911]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="78">I. kwangsiense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are all from cultivated plants in South China Botanical Garden. All photos were taken by You-Sheng Chen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9B49092214FF9EFF5519B1612FCD69" blockId="8.[136,1452,157,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="B950951B2214FF9EFF5519B16642CCFA" bold="true" box="[189,575,157,183]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Additional specimens examined</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="3B4C43542214FF9EFD8919B26044CC91" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4153341303" collectingDate="2009-11-25" collectionCode="CZH" collectorName="X. F. Zeng" country="China" elevation="950" location="Fenghuang Mountain" municipality="Fenghuang Town" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong">
<collectingCountry id="F33309992214FF9EFD8919B266C2CCF5" box="[609,703,158,184]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">CHINA</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="49E087EB2214FF9EFD2519B267BECCF5" box="[717,963,158,184]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
:
<collectorName id="26D12CDF2214FF9EFC3919B26038CCF5" box="[977,1093,158,184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Chaozhou</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D12CDF2214FF9EFBBC19B260F2CCF5" box="[1108,1167,158,184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Chao</collectorName>
an
<collectorName id="26D12CDF2214FF9EFB2119B2615DCCF5" box="[1225,1312,158,184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">District</collectorName>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFFD3732214FF9EFAC719B264B7CC91" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Fenghuang Town</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EFB1FD22214FF9EFF3C19EE65BACC91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038DF81F221FFF9EFF601CD8612FCD69:8EFB1FD22214FF9EFF3C19EE65BACC91" box="[212,455,194,220]" country="China" municipality="Fenghuang Town" name="Fenghuang Mountain" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="Guangdong">Fenghuang Mountain</location>
, elev.
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC2214FF9EFDE319EE662ECC91" box="[523,595,194,221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="950.0">
<elevation id="0009AE3A2214FF9EFDE319EE662ECC91" box="[523,595,194,221]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="950.0">950 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF9A6FC92214FF9EFDB619EE668BCC91" box="[606,758,194,221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" value="2009-11-25">
<collectingDate id="EFDE96212214FF9EFDB619EE668BCC91" box="[606,758,194,221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" value="2009-11-25">25 Nov. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B950951B2214FF9EFCE819EF679CCC91" box="[768,993,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">
X.
<collectionCode id="ED35D1CC2214FF9EFCF619EF6752CC91" box="[798,815,195,220]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26D12CDF2214FF9EFCD119EF670CCC91" box="[825,881,195,220]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Zeng</collectorName>
ZXF8781
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED35D1CC2214FF9EFC0719EE6050CC91" box="[1007,1069,194,220]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">CZH</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4C43542214FF9EFBD719EE65DDCD4D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4153341301" collectingDate="2010-04-09" collectionCode="CZH" collectorName="Zeng" country="China" county="Meizhou" elevation="940" location="Fenghuang Mountain" municipality="Fenghuang Town" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" specimenCode="LT20220703" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong Province">
ibid, elev.
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC2214FF9EFB5A19EE6087CC91" box="[1202,1274,194,220]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="940.0">
<elevation id="0009AE3A2214FF9EFB5A19EE6087CC91" box="[1202,1274,194,220]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="940.0">940 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF9A6FC92214FF9EFAED19EE61F4CC91" box="[1285,1417,194,220]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" value="2010-04-09">
<collectingDate id="EFDE96212214FF9EFAED19EE61F4CC91" box="[1285,1417,194,220]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" value="2010-04-09">9 Apr. 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B950951B2214FF9EFA7B19EF6534CD4D" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">
X.
<collectionCode id="ED35D1CC2214FF9EFF6019CB64E4CD4D" box="[136,153,231,256]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26D12CDF2214FF9EFF4A19CB64A7CD4D" box="[162,218,231,256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Zeng</collectorName>
ZXF9242
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED35D1CC2214FF9EFEBE19CA65E9CD4D" box="[342,404,230,256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">CZH</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4C43542214FF9EFE4D19CA606FCD4D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4153341306" box="[421,1042,230,256]" collectingDate="2022-07-03" collectionCode="IBSC" collectorName="Zeng" country="China" county="Meizhou" elevation="940" location="Fenghuang Mountain" municipality="Fenghuang Town" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" specimenCode="LT20220703" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong Province">
ibid,
<date id="FF9A6FC92214FF9EFE3519CA6625CD4D" box="[477,600,230,256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" value="2022-07-03">
<collectingDate id="EFDE96212214FF9EFE3519CA6625CD4D" box="[477,600,230,256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" value="2022-07-03">3 Jul. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B950951B2214FF9EFD8919CB67C8CD4D" box="[609,949,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">
<collectionCode id="ED35D1CC2214FF9EFD8919CB6613CD4D" box="[609,622,231,256]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26D12CDF2214FF9EFD9319CB66EFCD4D" box="[635,658,231,256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Li</collectorName>
&amp; X.
<collectionCode id="ED35D1CC2214FF9EFD3819CB669CCD4D" box="[720,737,231,256]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26D12CDF2214FF9EFD0119CB675CCD4D" box="[745,801,231,256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Zeng</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="DB82E1722214FF9EFCCE19CB67C8CD4D" box="[806,949,230,256]" collectionCode="LT" country="Canada" name="Université de Montréal" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">LT20220703</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED35D1CC2214FF9EFC2A19CA607BCD4D" box="[962,1030,230,256]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">IBSC</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B4C43542214FF9EFBF019CA6133CD69" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4153341304" collectingDate="2022-07-03" collectionCode="IBSC" collectorName="Zeng" country="China" county="Meizhou" elevation="940" location="Fenghuang Mountain" municipality="Fenghuang Town" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" specimenCode="LT20220703" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong Province">
<collectingCounty id="62FA31852214FF9EFBF019CA6003CD4D" box="[1048,1150,230,256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Meizhou</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFFD3732214FF9EFB6019CA613CCD4D" box="[1160,1345,230,256]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Meixian District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EFB1FD22214FF9EFAA119CA64B7CD69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038DF81F221FFF9EFF601CD8612FCD69:8EFB1FD22214FF9EFAA119CA64B7CD69" country="China" county="Meizhou" municipality="Meixian District" name="Yanyang Town" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="Guangdong Province">Yanyang Town</location>
,
<location id="8EFB1FD22214FF9EFF3C182665F3CD69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038DF81F221FFF9EFF601CD8612FCD69:8EFB1FD22214FF9EFF3C182665F3CD69" box="[212,398,266,292]" country="China" county="Meizhou" municipality="Meixian District" name="Yinna Mountain" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" stateProvince="Guangdong Province">Yinna Mountain</location>
,
<collectorName id="26D12CDF2214FF9EFE711826660DCD69" box="[409,624,266,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Lingguang Temple</collectorName>
, elev.
<quantity id="4CDCE4EC2214FF9EFD5D18266683CD69" box="[693,766,266,292]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.88" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="688.0">
<elevation id="0009AE3A2214FF9EFD5D18266683CD69" box="[693,766,266,292]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.88" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" unit="m" value="688.0">688 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF9A6FC92214FF9EFCE2182667F4CD69" box="[778,905,266,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" value="2022-07-01">
<collectingDate id="EFDE96212214FF9EFCE2182667F4CD69" box="[778,905,266,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" value="2022-07-01">1 Jul. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B950951B2214FF9EFC7C1827608ECD69" box="[916,1267,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">
<collectionCode id="ED35D1CC2214FF9EFC7C182767DCCD69" box="[916,929,267,292]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">T</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26D12CDF2214FF9EFC47182767BBCD69" box="[943,966,267,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Li</collectorName>
&amp; X.
<collectionCode id="ED35D1CC2214FF9EFBE218276066CD69" box="[1034,1051,267,292]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26D12CDF2214FF9EFBCD18276020CD69" box="[1061,1117,267,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="79">Zeng</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="DB82E1722214FF9EFB8C1827608ECD69" box="[1124,1267,266,292]" collectionCode="LT" country="Canada" name="Université de Montréal" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">LT20220701</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED35D1CC2214FF9EFAEA1826613BCD69" box="[1282,1350,266,292]" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" pageId="8" pageNumber="79" type="Herbarium">IBSC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>