206 lines
19 KiB
XML
206 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788657" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7faaa125-e85b-4e6a-839f-369f3baa5964" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163755196" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788657" approvalRequired="285" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="285" checkinTime="1588001517772" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gall, Lawrence & Hawks, David" docDate="2010" docId="038D2962FF831B085EE0FBC9FC94FD21" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2167.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 39 (39)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@3faabf8c" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Catocala blandula Gall & Hawks, 2010, syn. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="FFB4511AFF9B1B115E6CFF95FFCAFFF0" masterDocTitle="Systematics of moths in the genus Catocala (Lepidoptera, Erebidae) IV. Nomenclatorial stabilization of the Nearctic fauna, with a revised synonymic check list" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="37" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1643559085965" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematics of moths in the genus Catocala (Lepidoptera, Erebidae) IV. Nomenclatorial stabilization of the Nearctic fauna, with a revised synonymic check list</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gall, Lawrence</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Yale University, New Haven ,,</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hawks, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>University of California, Riverside ,, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2010-03-18</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>39</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>39</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>37</mods:start>
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<mods:end>83</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.39.425</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">7faaa125-e85b-4e6a-839f-369f3baa5964</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576632</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788657" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163755196" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788657" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D2962FF831B085EE0FBC9FC94FD21" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D2962FF831B085EE0FBC9FC94FD21" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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<subSubSection box="[140,774,1116,1143]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[140,774,1116,1143]" box="[140,774,1116,1143]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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<heading box="[140,774,1116,1143]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" reason="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,774,1116,1143]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hulst" authorityYear="1884" box="[140,361,1116,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blandula">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,361,1116,1143]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">Catocala blandula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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syn.
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<taxonomicName authority="Cassino" authorityName="Cassino" authorityYear="1918" box="[423,683,1116,1143]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manitobensis" status="syn. n.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[423,579,1116,1143]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">manitobensis</emphasis>
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Cassino
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[695,774,1117,1143]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">syn. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[140,933,1187,1284]" box="[140,761,1187,1214]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,761,1187,1214]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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<treatmentCitation author="Cassino SE" box="[140,761,1187,1214]" page="81" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" year="1918">
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<taxonomicName authority="Cassino, 1918 b: 81" authorityName="Cassino" authorityPageNumber="81" authorityYear="1918" box="[140,761,1187,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="blandula" variety="manitobensis">
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<emphasis box="[140,339,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">Catocala blandula</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis box="[394,534,1187,1213]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">manitobensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Cassino SE" box="[541,761,1187,1214]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" pagination="81" refId="ref17153" refString="Cassino SE (1918 b) A new form of Catocala blandula. Lepidopterist 2: 81." type="journal article" year="1918">Cassino, 1918b: 81</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="24.[140,933,1187,1284]" box="[140,838,1223,1249]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,838,1223,1249]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cassino" authorityYear="1918" box="[140,535,1223,1249]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="blandula" subSpecies="manitobensis">
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<emphasis box="[140,339,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">Catocala blandula</emphasis>
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ssp.
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<emphasis box="[395,535,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">manitobensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="McDunnough JH" box="[549,838,1223,1249]" page="118" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" year="1938">
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<bibRefCitation author="McDunnough JH" box="[549,838,1223,1249]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 275" refId="ref18138" refString="McDunnough JH (1938) Check List of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part I. Macrolepidoptera. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 1: 1 - 275." type="journal article" year="1938">McDunnough 1938: 118</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="24.[140,933,1187,1284]" box="[140,933,1258,1284]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,933,1258,1284]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cassino" authorityYear="1918" box="[140,535,1258,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="blandula" subSpecies="manitobensis">
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<emphasis box="[140,339,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">Catocala blandula</emphasis>
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ssp.
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<emphasis box="[395,535,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">manitobensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation author="Franclemont JG & Todd EL" box="[549,933,1258,1284]" page="129" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" year="1983">
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<bibRefCitation author="Franclemont JG & Todd EL" box="[549,933,1258,1284]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" pagination="120 - 159" refId="ref17467" refString="Franclemont JG, Todd EL (1983) Noctuidae. In: Hodges RW (Ed) Check list of the Lepidoptera of America north of Mexico. University Press, Cambidge, 120 - 159." type="book chapter" year="1983">Franclemont and Todd 1983: 129</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="24.[140,1108,1328,1672]" lastBlockId="25.[140,1108,167,721]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="62" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,313,1328,1354]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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<emphasis box="[140,198,1328,1354]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" reason="1">Type</emphasis>
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material.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cassino" authorityYear="1918" box="[322,566,1328,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manitobensis">
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<emphasis box="[322,566,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">Catocala manitobensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: the original description states “
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<typeStatus box="[936,1045,1328,1354]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">Holotype</typeStatus>
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1 ♁,
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<specimenCount box="[140,271,1363,1390]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" type="generic" typeStatus="paratypes">6 paratypes</specimenCount>
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, in the collection of the author, Cartwright,
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<collectingRegion box="[776,890,1363,1389]" country="Canada" name="Manitoba" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">Manitoba</collectingRegion>
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, July 17.” A female at the
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<collectionCode box="[213,299,1399,1425]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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(
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<collectionCode box="[315,402,1399,1425]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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Type No. 44528) bears a label stating “manitobensis / Cass. / Type fide / Buchholz.” Because Cassino often missexed his material, we see no reason to challenge Buchholz’s judgment, and accept this specimen as the
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<typeStatus box="[882,981,1469,1495]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">holotype</typeStatus>
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by original designation. Cassino tabulated several characteristics supposedly distinguishing
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">
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C. m.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cassino" authorityYear="1918" box="[140,280,1539,1565]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manitobensis">manitobensis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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from nominate
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<taxonomicName authority="Hulst, 1884" authorityName="Hulst" authorityYear="1884" box="[472,757,1539,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blandula">
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<emphasis box="[472,605,1539,1566]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">C. blandula</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Hulst GD" box="[615,757,1539,1566]" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" pagination="14 - 56" refId="ref17953" refString="Hulst GD (1884) The genus Catocala. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 7: 14 - 56." type="journal article" year="1884">Hulst, 1884</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. On the dorsal forewing these included: a darker and more distinct postmedian band; a light to absent brown scaling distad from the postmedian band; and a lighter and bluish ground color, such that “the whole effect of the superiors is a bluish tint quite unlike that of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hulst" authorityYear="1884" box="[860,957,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blandula">
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<emphasis box="[860,957,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="61">blandula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the scales of which are more brownish.” We have examined specimens of
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<emphasis box="[843,1057,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">
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C. m.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cassino" authorityYear="1918" box="[917,1057,167,193]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manitobensis">manitobensis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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(including
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<typeStatus box="[233,341,202,228]" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">paratypes</typeStatus>
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) and nominate
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hulst" authorityYear="1884" box="[524,656,202,228]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blandula">
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<emphasis box="[524,656,202,228]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">C. blandula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from across the Nearctic, and find that the characteristics ascribed to
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<emphasis box="[489,705,237,264]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">
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C. m.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cassino" authorityYear="1918" box="[565,705,237,263]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manitobensis">manitobensis</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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occur sporadically throughout the species’ entire geographic range, especially in females, and see little merit in retaining the name
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cassino" authorityYear="1918" box="[252,392,307,333]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manitobensis">
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<emphasis box="[252,392,307,333]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">manitobensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Exemplary localities where specimens often show
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cassino" authorityYear="1918" box="[968,1108,307,333]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manitobensis">
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<emphasis box="[968,1108,307,333]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">manitobensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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characteristics include the vicinity of Chicago, Illinois, and the eastern seaboard of Maine and maritime
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<collectingCountry box="[389,478,378,404]" name="Canada" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">Canada</collectingCountry>
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; the same characteristics also appear regularly in what we presently consider to be
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hulst" authorityYear="1884" box="[455,586,413,440]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blandula">
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<emphasis box="[455,586,413,440]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">C. blandula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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populations from lowland coastal areas in the southeastern
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<collectingCountry box="[290,345,448,474]" name="United States of America" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">USA</collectingCountry>
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(e.g., notably around Gainesville,
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<collectingRegion box="[739,825,448,475]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">Florida</collectingRegion>
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). These lowland
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hulst" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blandula">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">C. blandula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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populations are among the most morphologically variable known: some Floridian specimens (especially females) are nearly identical to types of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cassino" authorityYear="1918" box="[831,1005,519,545]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manitobensis">
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<emphasis box="[831,1005,519,545]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">C. manitobensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, whereas others have the entire forewing pattern obscured by brownish black, and numerous intergrades occur. In many respects, the extreme variation in these southeastern
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hulst" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blandula">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">C. blandula</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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populations is analogous to the extreme infrapopulational forms of both
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<taxonomicName authority="Guenee, 1852" authorityName="Guenee" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="connubialis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">C. connubialis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Guenee A" box="[274,438,659,686]" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" refId="ref17826" refString="Guenee A (1852) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Species general des Lepidopteres. Tome Septieme. Noctuelites. Tome 2. Roret, Paris, 441 pp." type="book" year="1852">Guenée, 1852</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authority="Saunders, 1876" authorityName="Saunders" authorityYear="1876" box="[501,811,659,686]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crataegi">
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<emphasis box="[501,621,660,686]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">C. crataegi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Saunders W" box="[632,811,659,685]" pageId="25" pageNumber="62" pagination="72 - 75" refId="ref18264" refString="Saunders W (1876) Notes on Catocalas. Canadian Entomologist 8: 72 - 75." type="journal article" year="1876">Saunders, 1876</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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seen from the same geographic region. Type Locality: Cartwright,
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<collectingRegion box="[624,738,695,721]" country="Canada" name="Manitoba" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">Manitoba</collectingRegion>
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, [
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<collectingCountry box="[756,851,694,721]" name="Canada" pageId="25" pageNumber="62">Canada</collectingCountry>
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].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |