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<document id="A750CDB9D221155B4DAF621749FD0DA4" ID-CLB-Dataset="25163" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4688.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a9af11dc-d705-48ed-96fb-3b323accc19e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3516791" ID-ZooBank="B8F6F528-F616-4EA1-8CA7-FA2FA89A34B9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1571832732088" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Thandar, Ahmed S." docDate="2019" docId="038C87E5BF6BFF95FF50F9997D6D6508" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4688.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4688 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Havelockia Pearson 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="375" masterDocId="FFB5FF9DBF67FF9BFFC7FF8C7E106073" masterDocTitle="On some lesser known sea cucumbers in the Natural History Museum, UK (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)" masterLastPageNumber="381" masterPageNumber="361" pageNumber="373" updateTime="1698760707621" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D753703602AB793BB4DA3DD6700DB326">On some lesser known sea cucumbers in the Natural History Museum, UK (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1DD673D8E8C16138AF24A47BFDDD337F">Thandar, Ahmed S.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="038C87E5BF6BFF95FF50F9997D6D6508" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159812110" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038C87E5BF6BFF95FF50F9997D6D6508" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C87E5BF6BFF95FF50F9997D6D6508" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="375" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<subSubSection id="C33F6578BF6BFF97FF50F9997D11665C" box="[151,769,1557,1584]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9A36F3BF6BFF97FF50F9997D11665C" blockId="12.[151,769,1557,1619]" box="[151,769,1557,1584]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<heading id="D0D2819FBF6BFF97FF50F9997D11665C" bold="true" box="[151,769,1557,1584]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6BFF97FF50F9997D11665C" bold="true" box="[151,769,1557,1584]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6BFF97FF50F9997F236643" bold="true" box="[151,307,1557,1584]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF6BFF97FF50F9997F306643" ID-CoL="7P5HX" authorityName="Pearson" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,288,1557,1584]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Havelockia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Havelockia</taxonomicName>
?
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF6BFF97FEF4F9997D11665C" authority="(Cherbonnier, 1954)" baseAuthorityName="Cherbonnier" baseAuthorityYear="1954" box="[307,769,1557,1584]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Havelockia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="quadruperforata">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6BFF97FEF4F9997FEF6643" bold="true" box="[307,511,1557,1584]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">quadruperforata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B02BF6BFF97FDC9F9997CE9665C" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[526,761,1557,1583]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" pagination="252 - 253" refId="ref10961" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1954) Note preliminaries sur les Holothuries de la Mer Rouge. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris, Serie 2, 26 (2), 252 - 253." type="journal article" year="1954">Cherbonnier, 1954</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F6578BF6BFF97FF50F9B57EE56620" box="[151,245,1593,1619]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9A36F3BF6BFF97FF50F9B57EE56620" blockId="12.[151,769,1557,1619]" box="[151,245,1593,1619]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<figureCitation id="131E2A76BF6BFF97FF50F9B57EE56620" box="[151,245,1593,1619]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1927,1952]" captionTargetBox="[166,1434,166,1869]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,166,1880]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Havelockia?quadruperforata Cherbonnier. 1954. Mumbai. A. Specimen entire; B. Part of calcareous ring; C. Introvert ossicles; D. Tube feet ossicles, E–F. Body wall ossicles. (All ossicles to same scale); MDIR = mid-dorsal interradial plate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516805/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">Figure 7</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F6578BF6BFF97FF50F9F17DC766E6" box="[151,983,1660,1685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9A36F3BF6BFF97FF50F9F17DC766E6" blockId="12.[151,983,1660,1685]" box="[151,983,1660,1685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3511DDBF6BFF97FF50F9F17DC766E6" box="[151,983,1660,1685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF6BFF97FF50F9F17C9B66E6" ID-CoL="56RNN" authority="Cherbonnier, 1954: 252" authorityName="Cherbonnier" authorityPageNumber="252" authorityYear="1954" box="[151,651,1660,1685]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="quadruperforata">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6BFF97FF50F9F17F8166E6" box="[151,401,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">Thyone quadruperforata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A8410E2BF6BFF97FE50F9F07C9B66E6" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[407,651,1660,1685]" page="252" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" year="1954">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B02BF6BFF97FE50F9F07C9B66E6" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[407,651,1660,1685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" pagination="252 - 253" refId="ref10961" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1954) Note preliminaries sur les Holothuries de la Mer Rouge. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris, Serie 2, 26 (2), 252 - 253." type="journal article" year="1954">Cherbonnier, 1954: 252</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B02BF6BFF97FD52F9F07D2066E6" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[661,816,1660,1685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" pagination="129 - 183" refId="ref10998" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1955) Les holothuries de la Mer Rouge. In: Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la CALYPSO. I. Campagne en Mer Rouge (1951 - 1952). Annales de l'uInstitut Oceanographique de Monaco, Nouvelle Serie, 30, 129 - 183, 28 pls." type="book chapter" year="1955">1955: 166–167</bibRefCitation>
, pl 41, fig. a–h).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F6578BF6BFF97FF50F9307C84676C" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9A36F3BF6BFF97FF50F9307D5E66A4" blockId="12.[151,1437,1724,2039]" box="[151,846,1724,1752]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6BFF97FF50F9307F6966A4" bold="true" box="[151,377,1724,1751]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">Material examined</emphasis>
. 1960.5.21.2,
<materialsCitation id="3B4D3CAEBF6BFF97FDDDF9317D5E66A4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429072685" box="[538,846,1725,1752]" country="Mumbai (Bombay)" location="Mumbai (Bombay)" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="F3327663BF6BFF97FDDDF9317CE566AB" box="[538,757,1725,1752]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">Mumbai (Bombay)</collectingCountry>
,
<specimenCount id="9D23FD7ABF6BFF97FCC7F9317D5E66A4" box="[768,846,1725,1751]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A36F3BF6BFF97FF00F96C7C4E6688" blockId="12.[151,1437,1724,2039]" box="[199,606,1760,1787]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6BFF97FF00F96C7F626688" bold="true" box="[199,370,1760,1787]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">Name-bearing</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B4D3CAEBF6BFF97FEBEF96D7C4A6688" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429072686" box="[377,602,1761,1787]" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6BFF97FEBEF96D7FA36688" bold="true" box="[377,435,1761,1787]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<typeStatus id="549E8851BF6BFF97FEBEF96D7FBE6688" box="[377,430,1761,1787]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">type</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="ED34AE36BF6BFF97FE7CF96D7C046688" box="[443,532,1761,1787]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">MNHN</collectionCode>
. Paris
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9A36F3BF6BFF97FF00F8897C84676C" blockId="12.[151,1437,1724,2039]" box="[199,660,1796,1823]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<materialsCitation id="3B4D3CAEBF6BFF97FF00F8897C80676C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2429072697" box="[199,656,1796,1823]" country="Djibouti" location="Aden Gulf" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6BFF97FF00F8897F76676C" bold="true" box="[199,358,1796,1823]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<typeStatus id="549E8851BF6BFF97FF00F8897F12676C" box="[199,258,1797,1823]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3327663BF6BFF97FEABF8897FD9676C" box="[364,457,1797,1823]" name="Djibouti" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">Djibouti</collectingCountry>
in the
<location id="8EFA6028BF6BFF97FDD2F8897C80676C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038C87E5BF6BFF95FF50F9997D6D6508:8EFA6028BF6BFF97FDD2F8897C80676C" box="[533,656,1797,1823]" country="Djibouti" name="Aden Gulf" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">Aden Gulf</location>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F6578BF6BFF95FF00F8A47F976268" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="375" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9A36F3BF6BFF95FF00F8A47B846088" blockId="12.[151,1437,1724,2039]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,153,1403]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="375" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6BFF97FF00F8A47F416730" bold="true" box="[199,337,1832,1859]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">Description</emphasis>
. Single individual partially eviscerated, introvert and calcareous ring still attached to body. Form U-shaped, off-white in colour. Length along ventral surface
<quantity id="4CDD9B16BF6BFF97FCE9F8C17D606714" box="[814,880,1869,1895]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
, breadth in mid-body
<quantity id="4CDD9B16BF6BFF97FBA5F8C17AB56714" box="[1122,1189,1869,1895]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="373" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
. Introvert and calcareous ring desiccated, hence number of tentacles and form could not be determined without further damage to specimen. Tentacles appear rather translucent and poorly branched. Calcareous ring fragmented in two parts (possibly due to previous study), clearly of the sclerodactylid
<typeStatus id="549E8851BF6BFF97FD2EF8357D0C67A0" box="[745,796,1977,2003]" pageId="12" pageNumber="373">type</typeStatus>
, forming a short tube, well separated from the introvert; radial and interradial plates unfragmented, artificially cracked and weakly fused, both clearly bifid anteriorly and more or less of same height and width; radial plates deeply incised posteriorly, paired radial processes distally curled and approximately four times the length of ring, processes obviously fragmented. Stone canal single, short, free; madreporite apparently multilobed. Gonad (testis) well developed, tubules short, unbranched, filled with gametes.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5A667BBF6AFF96FF50F80B7EC0679B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3516805" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3516805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3516805/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="374" startId="13.[151,250,1927,1952]" targetBox="[166,1434,166,1869]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="8B9A36F3BF6AFF96FF50F80B7EC0679B" blockId="13.[151,1437,1927,2024]" pageId="13" pageNumber="374">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6AFF96FF50F80B7F0667D3" bold="true" box="[151,278,1927,1952]" pageId="13" pageNumber="374">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6AFF96FED8F80B7FB567EC" box="[287,421,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="374">
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF6AFF96FED8F80B7F8267EC" authorityName="Pearson" authorityYear="1903" box="[287,402,1927,1951]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Havelockia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="13" pageNumber="374" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Havelockia</taxonomicName>
?
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF6AFF96FE62F80B7D0D67D3" authority="Cherbonnier. 1954" authorityName="Cherbonnier." authorityYear="1954" box="[421,797,1927,1952]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="13" pageNumber="374" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="quadruperforata">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF6AFF96FE62F80B7C4267EC" box="[421,594,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="374">quadruperforata</emphasis>
Cherbonnier. 1954
</taxonomicName>
. Mumbai. A. Specimen entire; B. Part of calcareous ring; C. Introvert ossicles; D. Tube feet ossicles, E–F. Body wall ossicles. (All ossicles to same scale); MDIR = mid-dorsal interradial plate.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9A36F3BF69FF95FF00FE897F976268" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,1403]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">
Body-wall ossicles comprise mostly robust tables (
<quantity id="4CDD9B16BF69FF95FCCBFE897D82616C" box="[780,914,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.45" metricValueMax="10.1" metricValueMin="8.8" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" unit="mm" value="94.5" valueMax="101.0" valueMin="88.0">88–101 µm</quantity>
, average
<quantity id="4CDD9B16BF69FF95FBC7FE897A5C616C" box="[1024,1100,261,287]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" unit="mm" value="96.0">96 µm</quantity>
) with usually a quadrilocular disc and short arched spire which appears as a smooth handle on one side, holes of disc rarely more than four, with additional holes usually small and placed at the ends of disc. Tube feet tables with a straight or slightly curved disc (
<quantity id="4CDD9B16BF69FF95FF58FEFC7F0561F8" box="[159,277,368,395]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" unit="mm" value="68.0" valueMax="85.0" valueMin="51.0">51–85 µm</quantity>
, average
<quantity id="4CDD9B16BF69FF95FEB9FEFD7FD861F8" box="[382,456,369,395]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" unit="mm" value="74.0">74 µm</quantity>
) and a low spire, which may or may not be arched and terminating in 1–2 teeth. Regrettably most tube feet tables corroded and hence exact form is difficult to appreciate; disc apparently with four central holes and usually one or more holes at ends. End plates absent. Tentacles comprise poorly developed, partially corroded, mostly broken rods. Introvert deposits tables (average
<quantity id="4CDD9B16BF69FF95FC97FE507D8B6184" box="[848,923,476,503]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" unit="mm" value="53.0">53 µm</quantity>
) with multilocular disc of various shapes but with ill-formed spire.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F6578BF69FF95FF00FDA87C3A62F4" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9A36F3BF69FF95FF00FDA87C3A62F4" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,1403]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FF00FDA87F71624C" bold="true" box="[199,353,548,575]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Distribution.</emphasis>
Perhaps Indo-West Pacific but so far only recorded from
<collectingCountry id="F3327663BF69FF95FC3BFDA97A49624C" box="[1020,1113,549,575]" name="Djibouti" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Djibouti</collectingCountry>
in the Indian Gulf and now
<collectingCountry id="F3327663BF69FF95FF50FDC57EE96210" box="[151,249,585,611]" name="India" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Mumbai</collectingCountry>
, West
<collectingCountry id="F3327663BF69FF95FE86FDC57F6B6210" box="[321,379,585,611]" name="India" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">India</collectingCountry>
and perhaps the Arabian Sea, judging from some material at the NHMUK identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FA8DFDC57F6662F4" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="quadruperforata">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FA8DFDC57B8C6210" box="[1354,1436,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Thyone</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FF7CFDE17F6662F4" box="[187,374,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">quadruperforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Ms. Ahearn.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33F6578BF69FF95FF00FD1D7D6D6508" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9A36F3BF69FF95FF00FD1D7D6D6508" blockId="14.[151,1437,153,1403]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FF00FD1D7F2462D8" bold="true" box="[199,308,657,683]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B02BF69FF95FE85FD1D7C0662D8" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[322,534,656,683]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" pagination="252 - 253" refId="ref10961" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1954) Note preliminaries sur les Holothuries de la Mer Rouge. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris, Serie 2, 26 (2), 252 - 253." type="journal article" year="1954">Cherbonnier (1954</bibRefCitation>
&amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B02BF69FF95FDFDFD1C7C6362D8" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[570,627,656,683]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" pagination="129 - 183" refId="ref10998" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1955) Les holothuries de la Mer Rouge. In: Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la CALYPSO. I. Campagne en Mer Rouge (1951 - 1952). Annales de l'uInstitut Oceanographique de Monaco, Nouvelle Serie, 30, 129 - 183, 28 pls." type="book chapter" year="1955">1955</bibRefCitation>
) based this species on two specimens (10 and
<quantity id="4CDD9B16BF69FF95FBBBFD1D7AAD62D8" box="[1148,1213,657,683]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
in length) collected from
<collectingCountry id="F3327663BF69FF95FF11FD397F2362BC" box="[214,307,693,719]" name="Djibouti" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Djibouti</collectingCountry>
in the Aden Gulf. He described his material as having a simple calcareous ring but because of the form of the ossicles placed the species in
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FDA8FD557CD16280" authorityName="Oken" authorityYear="1815" box="[623,705,729,755]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FDA8FD557CD16280" box="[623,705,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Thyone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with a query. The simple calcareous ring described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B02BF69FF95FAF4FD557F056364" author="Cherbonnier, G." pageId="14" pageNumber="375" pagination="129 - 183" refId="ref10998" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1955) Les holothuries de la Mer Rouge. In: Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la CALYPSO. I. Campagne en Mer Rouge (1951 - 1952). Annales de l'uInstitut Oceanographique de Monaco, Nouvelle Serie, 30, 129 - 183, 28 pls." type="book chapter" year="1955">Cherbonnier (1955)</bibRefCitation>
was perhaps due to its underdevelopment or damage; even in the current specimen the calcareous ring is fragile, in two parts and somewhat detached from the introvert. The writer studied the type specimens at MNHN and found that both specimens lacked not only the calcareous ring but also ossicles. A subsequent study of several specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F3327663BF69FF95FE89FCE57F8263F0" box="[334,402,873,899]" name="Oman" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Oman</collectingCountry>
in the Arabian Sea collected in 1991, in the collections of NHMUK, identified by Ms. Ahearn as
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FF72FC027FA163D4" box="[181,433,909,935]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="quadruperforata">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FF72FC027EDA63D4" box="[181,202,910,935]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">T.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FF34FC017FA163D4" box="[243,433,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">quadruperforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FE77FC017FA463D4" box="[432,436,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">,</emphasis>
confirmed Ahearn’s suspicions that they are not identical to Cherbonnier’s species. These are here included with the single specimen identified as?
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FCDCFC3D7D7D63B8" authorityName="Oken" authorityYear="1815" box="[795,877,945,971]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FCDCFC3D7D7D63B8" box="[795,877,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Thyone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. in the current NHMUK material here referred to as
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FF13FC5A7FDF639C" box="[212,463,981,1007]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="quadruperforata">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FF13FC5A7EF9639C" box="[212,233,982,1007]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">T.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FED3FC597FDF639C" box="[276,463,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">quadruperforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described below and should be included with it. Although the largest specimen in this collection has a complex calcareous ring with poorly fragmented plates and short processes, their tentacle ossicles are different from those illustrated for the type described as plates and hence cannot be identical with
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B02BF69FF95FB3BFB917EF26428" author="Cherbonnier, G." pageId="14" pageNumber="375" pagination="252 - 253" refId="ref10961" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1954) Note preliminaries sur les Holothuries de la Mer Rouge. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Paris, Serie 2, 26 (2), 252 - 253." type="journal article" year="1954">Cherbonnier’s (1954)</bibRefCitation>
species. Regrettably Cherbonnier did not examine the introvert ossicles. Even the three specimens labelled as
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FF72FBEA7FBD640C" box="[181,429,1125,1151]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="quadruperforata">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FF72FBEA7EDA640C" box="[181,202,1126,1151]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">T.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FF35FBE97FBD640C" box="[242,429,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">quadruperforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Ms. Ahearn, and examined by the writer at the USNM also lacked a calcareous ring but their ossicles were identical to those of the NHMUK specimens from
<collectingCountry id="F3327663BF69FF95FC74FB057DEA64D0" box="[947,1018,1161,1187]" name="Oman" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Oman</collectingCountry>
, except that some tables had slightly knobbed margins on the disc and some tube feet tables had an arch on the opposite side of the spire. Despite the fact that the plates of the calcareous ring are not fused for most of their length, they are compact, not subdivided, and the body-wall tables are quadrilocular, both
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FDA5FB7A7D2A657C" box="[610,826,1269,1295]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="quadruperforata">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FDA5FB7A7D2A657C" box="[610,826,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">T. quadruperforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FCB4FB7A7A60657C" box="[883,1136,1269,1295]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="quadruperforata">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FCB4FB7A7D98657C" box="[883,904,1270,1295]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">T.</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FC72FB797A60657C" box="[949,1136,1269,1295]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">quadruperforata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are here transferred to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FF26FA957F716540" authorityName="Pearson" authorityYear="1903" box="[225,353,1305,1331]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Havelockia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FF26FA957F716540" box="[225,353,1305,1331]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Havelockia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the family
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FDC5FA957CD06540" authorityName="Panning" authorityYear="1949" box="[514,704,1305,1331]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Sclerodactylidae</taxonomicName>
. It is regrettable that
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B02BF69FF95FC76FA957A926540" author="Arumugam, P." box="[945,1154,1305,1331]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" refId="ref10842" refString="Arumugam, P. (2011) A critical assessment of the dendrochirotid subfamilies, Sclerodactylinae and Thyoninae, with the taxonomic management of the ' supergenus' Thyone (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). M. Sc. dissertation, unpublished, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, xvi + 229 pp." type="book" year="2011">Arumugam (2011)</bibRefCitation>
only commented on this species, but excluded it in her treatment of
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FD46FAB17D116524" authorityName="Pearson" authorityYear="1903" box="[641,769,1341,1367]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Sclerodactylidae" genus="Havelockia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FD46FAB17D116524" box="[641,769,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Havelockia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C254D70BF69FF95FCFEFAB17D9B6524" authorityName="Oken" authorityYear="1815" box="[825,907,1341,1367]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Phyllophoridae" genus="Thyone" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dendrochirotida" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B951EAE1BF69FF95FCFEFAB17D9B6524" box="[825,907,1341,1367]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="375">Thyone</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, clearly influenced by the simple nature of the calcareous ring described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB44B02BF69FF95FE19FAED7CAB6508" author="Cherbonnier, G." box="[478,699,1376,1403]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" pagination="129 - 183" refId="ref10998" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1955) Les holothuries de la Mer Rouge. In: Resultats scientifiques des campagnes de la CALYPSO. I. Campagne en Mer Rouge (1951 - 1952). Annales de l'uInstitut Oceanographique de Monaco, Nouvelle Serie, 30, 129 - 183, 28 pls." type="book chapter" year="1955">Cherbonnier (1955)</bibRefCitation>
for the
<typeStatus id="549E8851BF69FF95FCD4FAED7D696508" box="[787,889,1377,1403]" pageId="14" pageNumber="375" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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