387 lines
58 KiB
XML
387 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="108C8B05BB953A0BEE515144B75CC6B2" ID-DOI="10.5070/P9401462457" ID-ISSN="0031-0298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913330" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch,operationResults" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1712167746961" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wheeler, Elisabeth A., Manchester, Steven R. & Baas, Pieter" docDate="2023" docId="038AF505A32A96365546FF03FE629E31" docLanguage="en" docName="PaleoBios.40.14.1-55.pdf" docOrigin="PaleoBios 40 (14)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401462457" docStyle="DocumentStyle:76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81.3:PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81" docStyleName="PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Carya leroyii Wheeler & Manchester & Baas 2023, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="22" masterDocId="FFB38D7DA33F9621547BFFC0FFD49B4F" masterDocTitle="A late Eocene wood assemblage from the Crooked River Basin, Oregon, USA" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="20" updateTime="1728048930804" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:title id="9175707B7EBBF619F2623050D3CB0F2D">A late Eocene wood assemblage from the Crooked River Basin, Oregon, USA</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="74AC1C79D8BB5B8344B94891AC322E39">Wheeler, Elisabeth A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FE6430D2C3527F005E2D30D02AD4EF62">Manchester, Steven R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DC723120E424AF2DC1456C75470FFF98">Baas, Pieter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DFFCC0E30883BA989546C83D84ABF7AD">PaleoBios</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D25A0291FD7B17BC0FAF3BEE8D48DC94">
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<mods:date id="04D66C9F127BBF54C8720329C3342920">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="50DD30372CA2EC038DB7B895FC2A933E">2023-11-01</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1F2CD2F91302E0D8FB8ABB26695F33E6" type="DOI">10.5070/P9401462457</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038AF505A32A96365546FF03FE629E31" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AF505A32A96365546FF03FE629E31" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038AF505A32A96365546FF03FE629E31" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
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<subSubSection id="C3391798A32A96345546FF03FD809B91" box="[317,596,195,223]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A96345546FF03FD809B91" blockId="21.[317,596,195,223]" box="[317,596,195,223]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
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<heading id="D0D4F37FA32A96345546FF03FD809B91" allCaps="true" box="[317,596,195,223]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A96345546FF03FE219B90" authority="Wheeler & Manchester & Baas, 2023" authorityName="Wheeler & Manchester & Baas" authorityYear="2023" box="[317,501,195,223]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leroyii" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9579801A32A96345546FF03FE219B90" box="[317,501,195,223]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">CARYA LEROYII</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264257AA32A9634567AFF06FD809B91" box="[513,596,198,222]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" rank="species">
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A9634567AFF06FDCF9B91" box="[513,539,198,222]" country="Brazil" name="Instituto de Botânica" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Herbarium">SP</collectionCode>
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. NOV.
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3391798A32A963455F4FF2FFDD69A48" box="[399,514,239,263]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963455F4FF2FFDD69A48" blockId="21.[399,514,239,263]" box="[399,514,239,263]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
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<figureCitation id="13185896A32A963455F4FF2FFDD69A48" box="[399,514,239,263]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">FIG. 10A–I</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3391798A32A963454EBFEDDFF3099D8" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963454EBFEDDFF3099D8" blockId="21.[112,801,285,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963454EBFEDDFEE49A78" bold="true" box="[144,304,285,311]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Diagnosis—</emphasis>
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Growth rings present. Wood semi-ring-porous. Vessels solitary and in radial multiples of 2–3. Perforations simple, intervessel pits crowded alternate medium to large; vessel-ray parenchyma pits similar in size and shape to intervessel pits. Non-septate fibers. Axial parenchyma scanty paratracheal and in narrow bands throughout the growth rings. Rays 1–3-seriate, heterocellular with procumbent body cells and 1–3 marginal rows of square-upright cells. Crystals in chambered axial parenchyma strands, some crystal containing cells enlarged.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3391798A32A963454EBFD60FDFF9992" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963454EBFD60FE3799F5" blockId="21.[112,801,285,1930]" box="[144,483,672,699]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
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<materialsCitation id="3B4B4E4EA32A963454EBFD60FE3799F5" box="[144,483,672,699]" collectionCode="UF" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" specimenCode="UF 278-84908" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963454EBFD60FEFD99F5" bold="true" box="[144,297,672,698]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
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<typeStatus id="5498FAB1A32A963454EBFD60FEDD99F5" box="[144,265,672,698]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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—
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode id="DB85EC68A32A96345553FD61FE3499F5" box="[296,480,672,699]" collectionCode="UF" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Museum">UF 278-84908</specimenCode>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963454EBFD03FDFF9992" blockId="21.[112,801,285,1930]" box="[144,555,707,733]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963454EBFD03FEEE9992" bold="true" box="[144,314,707,733]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Occurence—</emphasis>
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Dietz Hill (
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A963455C7FD03FE369992" box="[444,482,707,733]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
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278).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3391798A32A963454EBFD27FECF9808" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963454EBFD27FECF9808" blockId="21.[112,801,285,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963454EBFD27FEEF984E" bold="true" box="[144,315,743,769]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Etymology—</emphasis>
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Named in honor of
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A9634565CFD27FDE6984E" box="[551,562,743,769]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A9634564EFD27FD91984E" box="[565,581,743,769]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
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. Leroy in recognition of the importance of his studies of extant and fossil
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<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A9634540BFCEDFEC39808" authorityName="DC ex Perleb" authorityYear="1818" box="[112,279,813,839]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Juglandaceae</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3391798A32A963654EBFC90FE629E31" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963454EBFC90FDBA98B8" blockId="21.[112,801,285,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963454EBFC90FEFA9825" bold="true" box="[144,302,848,874]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Description</emphasis>
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—Growth rings present, marked by radially flattened fibers and differences in latewood and ear- lywood vessel diameters of successive growth rings (
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<figureCitation id="13185896A32A9634568AFC56FF13989B" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10A–C</figureCitation>
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). Semi-ring-porous, a slight tendency to diagonal arrangement in some regions (
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<figureCitation id="13185896A32A96345595FC1DFD8D98B8" box="[494,601,989,1015]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963454EBFBC0FDF49E5E" blockId="21.[112,801,285,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
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Vessels solitary and in radial multiples of 2–3, average tangential diameter of earlywood vessels 229 (44) µm, range 136–294 µm; perforations exclusively simple (
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<figureCitation id="13185896A32A9634568AFB86FF739FCB" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10H</figureCitation>
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), intervessel pits alternate (
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<figureCitation id="13185896A32A96345582FBAAFDB79FCB" box="[505,611,1130,1156]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10D</figureCitation>
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), ca. 10–12 µm; vessel-parenchyma pits similar in shape and size to in- tervessel pits (
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<figureCitation id="13185896A32A96345558FB70FE599F85" box="[291,397,1200,1226]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10E</figureCitation>
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); vessel element length averages for 451 (
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A96345499FB13FEDE9FA2" box="[226,266,1235,1261]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15659" name="San Diego Natural History Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Herbarium">SD</collectionCode>
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=70) µm, range 339–565 µm; thin-walled tyloses present (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13185896A32A96345547FB36FDC59E5E" box="[316,529,1270,1297]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10B, C, F, G, I</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963454EBFADAFCD79E7B" blockId="21.[112,801,285,1930]" box="[144,771,1306,1332]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fibers non-septate, thin-walled, pits not observed.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963454EBFAFDFE859EAB" blockId="21.[112,801,285,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Axial parenchyma scanty paratracheal, in tangential bands one to two cells wide throughout the growth ring, bands more closely spaced in the latewood than in the earlywood (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13185896A32A96345578FA66FE589E8E" box="[259,396,1446,1473]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
); strands without crystals of 4–8 cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13185896A32A963454CCFA0AFE979EAB" box="[183,323,1482,1508]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963454EBFA2DFD799DF8" blockId="21.[112,801,285,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Rays 1–3-seriate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13185896A32A96345515FA2DFDD09D48" box="[366,516,1517,1543]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10 G–H</figureCitation>
|
||
). Multiseriate rays heterocellular, with procumbent body cells and mostly with 1–3 marginal rows of square to upright cells, occasionally more (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13185896A32A963454B9F996FE989D3E" box="[194,332,1622,1649]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
); uniseriate rays composed of mostly upright cells, total multiseriate ray height averages 438 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A96345402F95DFF759DF8" box="[121,161,1693,1719]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15659" name="San Diego Natural History Museum" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Herbarium">SD</collectionCode>
|
||
=92) µm, range 283–544 µm; 4–6 per mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963454EBF900FCD49C6E" blockId="21.[112,801,285,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Crystals common, in chambered axial parenchyma strands, sometimes in much enlarged axial parenchyma cells within an axial parenchyma strand (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13185896A32A96345615F8C6FD279C6E" box="[622,755,1798,1825]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Fig. 10G–I</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A963454EBF8E9FA449A6C" blockId="21.[112,801,285,1930]" lastBlockId="21.[832,1521,194,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963454EBF8E9FDBD9C0B" bold="true" box="[144,617,1833,1860]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Comparisons with extant woods—</emphasis>
|
||
Affinities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A9634540BF88DFEF69C28" authorityName="DC ex Perleb" authorityYear="1818" box="[112,290,1869,1895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Juglandaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
are indicated by the combination of semi-ring-porosity, vessels solitary and in short radial multiples, narrow continuous lines of axial parenchyma, medium-sized alternate intervessel pits, vessel-ray pa- renchyma pits similar in size to intervessel pits.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A9634571BFEECFAC39972" blockId="21.[832,1521,194,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Its combination of features, including absence of scalariform perforations (a characteristic of Engelhardieae Mann., 1978), is consistent with placement in the Juglandoideae Eaton (1836) (Wheeler, et al. 2022). Our sample is missing the pith, so we cannot confirm that it was solid, as expected in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A96345016FE1CFABF9AB9" authority="Nuttall (1818)" authorityName="NUTTALL" authorityYear="1818" box="[1133,1387,476,504]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A96345016FE1CFB619AB7" box="[1133,1205,476,504]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Carya</emphasis>
|
||
Nuttall (1818)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or septate which characterizes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A96345047FE3FFB429954" box="[1084,1174,511,539]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A96345047FE3FFB429954" box="[1084,1174,511,539]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Juglans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A963450E0FDC0FB799955" box="[1179,1197,512,538]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||
. (1753),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A96345163FE3FFC439973" authority="Kunth (1824)" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1824" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Pterocarya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A96345163FE3FFA4B9954" box="[1304,1439,511,539]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Pterocarya</emphasis>
|
||
Kunth (1824)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A963457A8FDE3FAC79972" authority="Iljinsk. (1953)" authorityName="Iljinsk." authorityYear="1953" box="[979,1299,546,575]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Cyclocarya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963457A8FDE3FB8D9970" box="[979,1113,547,575]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Cyclocarya</emphasis>
|
||
Iljinsk. (1953)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A9634571BFD85FBF29F49" blockId="21.[832,1521,194,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Whether crystals are present and their location are useful features in distinguishing genera and species groups in the Juglandoideae. Crystals are common in this wood so it differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A963450F7FD6FFAC79984" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1824" box="[1164,1299,687,715]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Pterocarya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963450F7FD6FFAC79984" box="[1164,1299,687,715]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Pterocarya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the butternut group of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A963457CBFD13FBDE99A0" box="[944,1034,723,751]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963457CBFD13FBDE99A0" box="[944,1034,723,751]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Juglans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Asian species of Section
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A96345130FD13FC04985F" authority="Dode, 1909" authorityName="Dode" authorityYear="1909" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" rank="section" section="Cardiocaryon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A96345130FD13FA2499A0" box="[1355,1520,723,751]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Cardiocaryon</emphasis>
|
||
Dode, 1909
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A963450B8FD36FAAB985F" box="[1219,1407,756,786]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cinerea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963450B8FD36FAAB985F" box="[1219,1407,756,786]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Juglans cinerea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A963451FDFD36FA4D985F" box="[1414,1433,758,784]" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
|
||
., 1759, traditionally placed in section
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A963450B1FCD9FC509818" authority="Klotzsch, 1845" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityYear="1845" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Trachycaryon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963450B1FCD9FAA0987A" box="[1226,1396,793,821]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Trachycaryon</emphasis>
|
||
Klotzsch, 1845
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The tropical black walnuts have crystalliferous axial parenchyma strands, but not in enlarged cells; the north temperate black walnuts have crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cells, but not in long chains (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A32A963451DEFC65FC5498AD" author="Miller, R. B." pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="368 - 377" refId="ref37737" refString="Miller, R. B. 1976. Wood anatomy and identification of species of Juglans. Botanical Gazette 137: 368 - 377. [https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 2473781]." type="journal article" year="1976">Miller 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Consequently,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A96345038FC09FB4F98AA" box="[1091,1179,969,997]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Juglans" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A96345038FC09FB4F98AA" box="[1091,1179,969,997]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Juglans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not seem a good match for
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A96345710FC2CFC5A9F49" box="[875,910,1004,1030]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
|
||
278-84908.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A9634571BFBCEFA249D39" blockId="21.[832,1521,194,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
The presence of crystals in chambered axial parenchyma and in enlarged axial parenchyma cells suggests affinities with
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A96345783FB94FB929F3F" box="[1016,1094,1108,1136]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A96345783FB94FB959F3F" authorityName="NUTTALL" authorityYear="1818" box="[1016,1089,1108,1136]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Carya</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
but not with the North American species of sect.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A96345073FBB7FB849FDC" authorityName="NUTTALL" authorityYear="1818" box="[1032,1104,1143,1171]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A96345073FBB7FB849FDC" box="[1032,1104,1143,1171]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Carya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which are ring-porous and have thick-walled fibers (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A32A96345043FB59FB149FFB" author="Stark, E. W." box="[1080,1216,1177,1204]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" refId="ref39572" refString="Stark, E. W. 1953. Wood anatomy of the Juglandaceae indigenous to the United States. Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin No. 595. Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana. 42 pp." type="book" year="1953">Stark 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A32A963450ACFB59FC439F99" author="Heimsch, C., Jr. & R. H. Wetmore" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="651 - 660" refId="ref35572" refString="Heimsch, C., Jr. and R. H. Wetmore. 1939. The significance of wood anatomy in the taxonomy of the Juglandaceae. American Journal of Botany 26 (8): 651 - 660. [https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2436805]." type="journal article" year="1939">Heimsch and Wetmore (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that crystals in swollen axial parenchyma cells were most common in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A963450D8FB1FFC4D9E54" authority="Lecomte (1921)" authorityName="Lecomte" authorityYear="1921" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963450D8FB1FFAA99FB6" box="[1187,1405,1245,1275]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Carya tonkinensis</emphasis>
|
||
Lecomte (1921)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Leroy (1950) described the evergreen species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A9634573BFAE4FB719E71" authority="Dode (1912)" authorityName="Dode" authorityYear="1912" box="[832,1189,1314,1344]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A9634573BFAE4FC219E71" box="[832,1013,1314,1344]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Carya sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
Dode (1912)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(synonym:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A96345139FAE4FC2A9E2E" authority="(Dode)" baseAuthorityName="Dode" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Annamocarya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A96345139FAE4FC4A9E2E" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Annamocarya sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Dode)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A9634507EFA87FBC49E2E" box="[1029,1040,1351,1377]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
|
||
.-
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A96345067FA87FBF99E2E" box="[1052,1069,1351,1377]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
. Leroy (1950) and compared it to
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963451A1FA87FC049ECB" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A963451A1FA87FC189ECB" authorityName="Lecomte" authorityYear="1921" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">C. tonkinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Based on what he acknowledged as limited material, he suggested the two species had similar anatomy. He also noted that the rays in these two species are more heterocellular than in the American species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A32A963451EDFA11FBB49D41" author="Muller-Stoll, W. R. & E. Madel" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="255 - 295" refId="ref37806" refString="Muller-Stoll, W. R. and E. Madel. 1960. Juglandaceen-Holzer aus dem ungarischen Tertiar des pannonischen Becken. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 41: 255 - 295." type="journal article" year="1960">Müller-Stoll and Mädel (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported another difference for these two species, i.e., they do not have thick-walled vessel elements. However, neither species has crystals in chambered axial parenchyma similar to
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32A9634514DF99CFA8D9D39" box="[1334,1369,1628,1654]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
|
||
278-84908.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A32A9634571BF9BEFA249CC5" blockId="21.[832,1521,194,1930]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">
|
||
Neither
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A32A963457B5F9BEFAB69DD6" author="Heimsch, C., Jr. & R. H. Wetmore" box="[974,1378,1662,1689]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="651 - 660" refId="ref35572" refString="Heimsch, C., Jr. and R. H. Wetmore. 1939. The significance of wood anatomy in the taxonomy of the Juglandaceae. American Journal of Botany 26 (8): 651 - 660. [https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2436805]." type="journal article" year="1939">Heimsch and Wetmore (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
nor
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A32A963451DDF9BFFC439DF3" author="Leroy, J-F." pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="216 - 220" refId="ref36647" refString="Leroy, J-F. 1953. La structure du bois d'Annamocarya. Notes sur le bois des Noyers et autres Juglandacees. Revue Internationale de Botanique Appliquee et d'Agriculture Tropicale 33: 216 - 220." type="journal article" year="1953">Leroy (1953)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
gave details about intervessel pitting. The one sample of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A963457BBF904FBEE9D91" box="[960,1082,1730,1760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Annamocarya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963457BBF904FBEE9D91" box="[960,1082,1730,1760]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">C. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
we had access to has minute-small intervessel pitting (3–5 µm,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A32A963450CBF926FA7B9C4E" author="Wheeler, E. A. & P. Baas & S. R. Manchester" box="[1200,1455,1766,1793]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="61 - 86" refId="ref40792" refString="Wheeler, E. A., P. Baas and S. R. Manchester. 2022. Wood anatomy of modern and fossil Fagaceae. International Journal of Plant Sciences 183 (1): 61 - 86. [https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 717328]." type="journal article" year="2022">Wheeler et al 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); the only other juglandaceous wood with minute intervessel pitting is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A963457CBF8EBFB279C09" authority="Diels and Hand." authorityName="Diels and Hand." box="[944,1267,1835,1863]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Rhoiptelea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A963457CBF8EBFBE59C08" box="[944,1073,1835,1863]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Rhoiptelea</emphasis>
|
||
Diels and Hand.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-Mazz. (Hand.-Mazz., 1932) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A32A963457DBF88EFB869C27" author="Withner, C. L." box="[928,1106,1870,1896]" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" pagination="872 - 878" refId="ref41427" refString="Withner, C. L. 1941. Stem anatomy and phylogeny of the Rhoipteleaceae. American Journal of Botany 28 (10): 872 - 878." type="journal article" year="1941">Withner 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32A96345017F88EFA249C26" authority="Sarg. (1916)" authorityName="Sarg." authorityYear="1916" box="[1132,1520,1870,1898]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="21" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cathayensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32A96345017F88EFA9E9C25" box="[1132,1354,1870,1898]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="20">Carya cathayensis</emphasis>
|
||
Sarg. (1916)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cells, but not
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A329963754EBF8BBFE289CDA" blockId="22.[144,508,1915,1941]" box="[144,508,1915,1941]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<figureCitation id="13185896A329963754EBF8BBFEC49CDA" box="[144,272,1915,1941]" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="23.[112,187,193,217]" captionTargetId="figure-22@22.[149,1486,192,1896]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figure 10. Juglandaceae. Carya leroyii sp. nov., UF 278-84908. A, B. Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS. C. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS. D. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS. E, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS. F. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS. G. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS. H. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals. I. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A329963754EBF8BBFEC49CDA" bold="true" box="[144,272,1915,1941]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">Figure 10</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
. Caption on pg. 22.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5C149BA3289636540BFF01FB5B9A36" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13890611" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13890611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13890611/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" startId="23.[112,187,193,217]" targetBox="[149,1486,192,1887]" targetPageId="22" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A3289636540BFF01FB5B9A36" blockId="23.[112,1517,193,378]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A3289636540BFF01FF319B96" bold="true" box="[112,229,193,217]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Figure 10.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32896365491FF01FEAE9B96" authorityName="DC ex Perleb" authorityYear="1818" box="[234,378,193,217]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Juglandaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A328963655F8FF03FDDD9B94" authority="Wheeler & Manchester & Baas, 2023" authorityName="Wheeler & Manchester & Baas" authorityYear="2023" box="[387,521,195,219]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leroyii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A328963655F8FF03FDDD9B94" box="[387,521,195,219]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Carya leroyii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A264257AA32896365674FF02FD8B9B96" box="[527,607,194,217]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, UF 278-84908.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32896365774FF01FC969B95" bold="true" box="[783,834,193,218]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">A, B.</emphasis>
|
||
Semi-ring-porous wood with vessels solitary and in radial multiples, axial parenchyma in narrow bands throughout the growth ring, thin-walled tyloses, TS.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32896365018FF1CFBA69BBB" bold="true" box="[1123,1138,220,244]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Radial multiple of 4, thin-walled tyloses, marginal axial parenchyma, crystal-containing idioblasts, TS.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32896365722FF37FCBF9A40" bold="true" box="[857,875,247,271]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">D</emphasis>
|
||
. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, RLS.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32896365153FF37FAE39A40" bold="true" box="[1320,1335,247,271]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">E</emphasis>
|
||
, Vessel-ray parenchyma pitting of similar size as intervessel pits, RLS.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A328963656B1FED2FD0C9A65" bold="true" box="[714,728,274,298]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Body of ray composed of procumbent cells, RLS.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32896365090FED1FB2F9A66" bold="true" box="[1259,1275,273,297]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">G</emphasis>
|
||
. Thin-walled tyloses in vessel, rays 2‒3 (-4) seriate, crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells, TLS.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32896365798FEECFC219A0B" bold="true" box="[995,1013,300,324]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Oblique end walls of vessel elements (VE), rays 1‒3 (-4) seriate, axial parenchyma strands with crystals.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A3289636577DFE87FCDB9A10" bold="true" box="[774,783,327,351]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">I</emphasis>
|
||
. Crystals in enlarged axial parenchyma cell (*) and in chambered axial parenchyma (AP). Scale bars=500 µm in A; 200 µm in B; 100 µm in C, F, G. H, I; 50 µm in D, E.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A3289636540BFE6DFE5899F1" blockId="23.[112,801,429,1406]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
|
||
in chambered axial parenchyma; its heterocellular rays are consistent with earlier observations of Asian species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A32896365400FE34FEEE9941" author="Itoh, T. B. & Pan, P. & Baas, J. & Luo, D. & Li, Y. & Cui, F. & Wang & M. Mertz & Y. Yasumoto" box="[123,314,500,526]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" refId="ref36047" refString="Itoh, T. B. Pan, P. Baas, J. Luo, D. Li, Y. Cui, F. Wang. M. Mertz and Y. Yasumoto. 2022. Anatomical Atlas and Database of Chinese Woods. Kaiseisha Press. 2679 pp." type="book" year="2022">Itoh et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Unfortunately, we do not have information on the Asian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A3289636550CFDD8FEF4991B" authority=", C. C. Cheng and R. H. Chang (1979)" authorityName="C. C. Cheng and R. H. Chang" authorityYear="1979" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hunanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A3289636550CFDD8FDF7997D" box="[375,547,534,564]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">C. hunanensis,</emphasis>
|
||
C.C. Cheng and R.H. Chang (1979)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A32896365534FDFBFF139937" authority="Kuang and A. M. Lu (1979)" authorityName="Kuang and A. M. Lu" authorityYear="1979" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kweichowensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A32896365534FDFBFDF0991A" box="[335,548,569,599]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">C. kweichowensis</emphasis>
|
||
Kuang and A.M. Lu (1979)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Because of its heterocellular rays and abundant crystals, we suggest that
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A328963655D1FD41FE1999D4" box="[426,461,641,667]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
|
||
278-84908 is most similar to Asian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A328963654A7FD64FE5899F1" box="[220,396,676,704]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A328963654A7FD64FEF0998F" box="[220,292,676,704]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Carya</emphasis>
|
||
species.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A328963654EBFD07FEA79FC7" blockId="23.[112,801,429,1406]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A328963654EBFD07FD8299AE" bold="true" box="[144,598,711,737]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Comparisons with fossil woods—</emphasis>
|
||
The two juglandaceous woods of the nearby middle Eocene Nut Beds differ:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A328963654BAFCCEFF1C9804" authority="Wheeler and Manchester (2002)" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="2002" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Clarnoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="blanchardii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A328963654BAFCCEFE319867" box="[193,485,780,810]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Clarnoxylon blanchardii</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A32896365591FCCDFF1C9804" author="Wheeler, E. A. & S. R. Manchester" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 188" refId="ref41110" refString="Wheeler, E. A. and S. R. Manchester. 2002. Woods of the Eocene Nut Beds flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon, USA. IAWA Journal Supplement 3: 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="2002">Wheeler and Manchester (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has prismatic crystals commonly occurring in enlarged ray parenchyma cells;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A3289636558DFC94FD8298DD" authority="Wheeler and Manchester (2002)" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="2002" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Engelhardioxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nutbedensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A3289636558DFC94FF6F98DD" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Engelhardioxylon nutbedensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A328963654BAFCB7FD8298DD" author="Wheeler, E. A. & S. R. Manchester" box="[193,598,887,914]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 188" refId="ref41110" refString="Wheeler, E. A. and S. R. Manchester. 2002. Woods of the Eocene Nut Beds flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon, USA. IAWA Journal Supplement 3: 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="2002">Wheeler and Manchester (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has both simple and scalariform perforation plates and prismatic crystals in ray parenchyma.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A3289636550CFC7EFEC998B4" authority="Muller-Stoll and Madel (1960)" authorityName="Muller-Stoll and Madel" authorityYear="1960" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Pterocaryoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A3289636550CFC7EFD909895" box="[375,580,958,986]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Pterocaryoxylon</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A32896365635FC7DFEC998B4" author="Muller-Stoll, W. R. & E. Madel" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" pagination="255 - 295" refId="ref37806" refString="Muller-Stoll, W. R. and E. Madel. 1960. Juglandaceen-Holzer aus dem ungarischen Tertiar des pannonischen Becken. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 41: 255 - 295." type="journal article" year="1960">Müller-Stoll and Mädel (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the nearby Post Hammer locality (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32896365681FC21FCF498B4" box="[762,800,993,1019]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
|
||
279) lacks crystals entirely (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A3289636559BFBC4FF659F0E" author="Wheeler, E. A. & S. R. Manchester" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" pagination="299 - 329" refId="ref41269" refString="Wheeler, E. A. and S. R. Manchester. 2021. A diverse assemblage of late Eocene woods from Oregon, USA. Fossil Imprint 77 (2): 299 - 329. [https: // doi. org / 10.37520 / fi. 2021.022]." type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Wheeler and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E78AF1A328963656F6FBC4FCF49F51" box="[653,800,1028,1054]" country="United Kingdom" name="Manchester" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Manchester</collectingRegion>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). There is at least one species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A3289636561AFBE8FD649F0B" box="[609,688,1064,1092]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A3289636561AFBE8FD7E9F0B" authorityName="NUTTALL" authorityYear="1818" box="[609,682,1064,1092]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Juglandaceae" genus="Carya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Carya</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
possibly two, in the Dietz Hill locality’s carpoflora (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A328963656F6FB8AFEB69FC7" author="Manchester, S. R. & W. C. McIntosh" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" pagination="7 - 17" refId="ref37371" refString="Manchester, S. R. and W. C. McIntosh. 2007. Late Eocene silicified fruits and seeds from the John Day Formation near Post, Oregon. PaleoBios 27: 7 - 17." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E78AF1A328963656F6FB8AFCF49F2B" box="[653,800,1098,1124]" country="United Kingdom" name="Manchester" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Manchester</collectingRegion>
|
||
and McIntosh 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A328963654EBFB51FE629E31" blockId="23.[112,801,429,1406]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
|
||
The classic treatment of fossil juglandaceous woods is
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A328963654F4FB74FDC49F81" author="Muller-Stoll, W. R. & E. Madel" box="[143,528,1204,1230]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" pagination="255 - 295" refId="ref37806" refString="Muller-Stoll, W. R. and E. Madel. 1960. Juglandaceen-Holzer aus dem ungarischen Tertiar des pannonischen Becken. Senckenbergiana Lethaea 41: 255 - 295." type="journal article" year="1960">Müller-Stoll and Mädel’s 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
paper,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9579801A3289636560AFB74FF139E5A" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Juglandaceen-Hölzer aus dem ungarischen Tertiär des pannonischen Becken</emphasis>
|
||
, which reviewed the anatomy of the family and all fossil woods assigned to the family by that time. None of the woods they described had the combination of features of
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A32896365480FAA4FECA9E31" box="[251,286,1380,1406]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
|
||
278-84908.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |