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<mods:title id="7AD0C1577379511D71F11B6BAFE224BD">On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C3396514FFECC146FF1E764027EB7F65" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFECC146FF1E764025D97F0E" blockId="5.[151,716,1303,1370]" box="[151,716,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="D0D481F3FFECC146FF1E764025D97F0E" bold="true" box="[151,716,1303,1329]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFECC146FF1E764025D97F0E" ID-CoL="4XDJS" authority="Millard &amp; Bouillon, 1973" authorityName="Millard &amp; Bouillon" authorityYear="1973" box="[151,716,1303,1329]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Silhouetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="uvacarpa">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFECC146FF1E764025D97F0E" bold="true" box="[151,716,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFECC146FF1E7640269F7F0E" bold="true" box="[151,394,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Silhouetta uvacarpa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFECC146FE18764025D97F0E" author="Millard" box="[401,716,1303,1329]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Millard, N. A. H. &amp; Bouillon, J. (1973) Hydroids from the Seychelles (Coelenterata). Annales du Museum Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, 206, 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1973">Millard &amp; Bouillon, 1973</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFECC146FF1E761727EB7F65" blockId="5.[151,716,1303,1370]" box="[151,254,1344,1370]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">(fig. 2D)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396514FFECC146FF1E76C724467FD8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFECC146FF1E76C726997FF8" blockId="5.[151,1436,1424,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3311B1FFECC146FF1E76C726997FF8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFECC146FF1E76C725D67F98" ID-CoL="4XDJS" authority="Millard &amp; Bouillon, 1973: 25" authorityName="Millard &amp; Bouillon" authorityPageNumber="25" authorityYear="1973" box="[151,707,1424,1447]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Silhouetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="uvacarpa">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFECC146FF1E76C726647F98" box="[151,369,1424,1447]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Silhouetta uvacarpa</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A82108EFFECC146FEF276C725D67F98" author="Millard" box="[379,707,1424,1447]" page="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1973">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFECC146FEF276C7258C7F98" author="Millard" box="[379,665,1424,1447]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Millard, N. A. H. &amp; Bouillon, J. (1973) Hydroids from the Seychelles (Coelenterata). Annales du Museum Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, 206, 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1973">Millard &amp; Bouillon, 1973</bibRefCitation>
: 25
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 3AD, pls 23.—
<treatmentCitation id="0A82108EFFECC146FC3776C723927F98" author="Calder" box="[958,1159,1424,1447]" page="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFECC146FC3776C723487F98" author="Calder" box="[958,1117,1424,1447]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988 b) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Calder, 1988b</bibRefCitation>
: 17
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 1314.—
<treatmentCitation id="0A82108EFFECC146FAAF76C726207FF8" author="Schuchert" page="239" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFECC146FAAF76C726157FF8" author="Schuchert" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" refString="Schuchert, P. (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 114 (2), 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert, 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 239
</treatmentCitation>
, fig. 17.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFECC146FF1E768724467FD8" blockId="5.[151,1436,1424,1511]" box="[151,851,1488,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3311B1FFECC146FF1E768724467FD8" box="[151,851,1488,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFECC146FF1E768725DA7FD8" ID-CoL="4XDJR" authority="Wedler &amp; Larson, 1986: 91" authorityName="Wedler &amp; Larson" authorityPageNumber="91" authorityYear="1986" box="[151,719,1488,1511]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Silhouetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="puertoricensis">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFECC146FF1E768726B77FD8" box="[151,418,1488,1511]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Silhouetta puertoricensis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0A82108EFFECC146FE20768725DA7FD8" author="Wedler" box="[425,719,1488,1511]" page="91" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1986">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFECC146FE20768725B27FD8" author="Wedler" box="[425,679,1488,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="54" refString="Wedler, E. &amp; Larson, R. (1986) Athecate hydroids from Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 21 (1 - 2), 69 - 101." type="journal article" year="1986">Wedler &amp; Larson, 1986</bibRefCitation>
: 91
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, fig. 9Aab.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396514FFECC146FF1E754025D97CBD" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFECC146FF1E754026F77C65" blockId="5.[151,1437,1559,1946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFECC146FF1E754026917C0E" bold="true" box="[151,388,1559,1585]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFECC146FE1D754026CC7C0E" bold="true" box="[404,473,1559,1585]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Stn. 7</emphasis>
:
<date id="FF9D105FFFECC146FE62754F257B7C0D" box="[491,622,1560,1586]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2008-03-25">25.03.2008</date>
—four small stems, each with 12 hydranths, one bearing clusters of gonophores, on concretions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFECC146FF4C753025D97CBD" blockId="5.[151,1437,1559,1946]" box="[197,716,1639,1666]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFECC146FF4C753026717CBE" bold="true" box="[197,356,1639,1665]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="5498883DFFECC146FF4C753026177CBE" box="[197,258,1639,1665]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Type</typeStatus>
locality
</emphasis>
. Silhouette
<collectingCountry id="F334760FFFECC146FE79753F252E7CBD" box="[496,571,1640,1666]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Island</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F334760FFFECC146FDCF753F25D27CBD" box="[582,711,1640,1666]" name="Seychelles" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3396514FFECC146FF4C75D826F07DA5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFECC146FF4C75D825F57D1D" blockId="5.[151,1437,1559,1946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFECC146FF4C75D826227C96" bold="true" box="[197,311,1679,1705]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Remarks</emphasis>
. The present material is too scarce to allow a new description of this species.
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFECC146FB5275C727DB7CEE" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Silhouetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="uvacarpa">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFECC146FB5275C727DB7CEE" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Silhouetta uvacarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily recognizable due to the following characters: the tentacles are filiform and arranged in two or more closely-set whorls below the hypostome; the gonophores (medusa buds) arise from both the stem and branches, in clusters borne on quite long pedicels.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFECC146FF4C746726F07DA5" blockId="5.[151,1437,1559,1946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
For descriptions of
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFECC146FE3D746725567D76" box="[436,579,1840,1865]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Silhouetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="uvacarpa">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFECC146FE3D746725567D76" box="[436,579,1840,1865]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. uvacarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFECC146FD0C746724DD7D75" author="Millard" box="[645,968,1840,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="52" refString="Millard, N. A. H. &amp; Bouillon, J. (1973) Hydroids from the Seychelles (Coelenterata). Annales du Museum Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, 206, 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1973">Millard &amp; Bouillon (1973)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFECC146FB8E746723D57D75" author="Calder" box="[1031,1216,1840,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988 b) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Calder (1988b)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFECC146FB47746722897D75" author="Schuchert" box="[1230,1436,1840,1866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="53" refString="Schuchert, P. (2007) The European athecate hydroids and their medusae (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria): Filifera Part 2. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 114 (2), 195 - 396." type="journal article" year="2007">Schuchert (2007)</bibRefCitation>
summarized the actual data available on this species. Additional life cycle studies are necessary in order to describe the mature medusa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5C6617FFEFC145FF1E759523597DD1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/184151/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[154,1430,195,1703]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFEFC145FF1E759523597DD1" blockId="6.[151,1436,1730,2030]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEFC145FF1E759526007CE5" bold="true" box="[151,277,1730,1754]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
. A and B:
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEFC145FE1E7595253D7CE6" box="[407,552,1730,1753]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Bougainvillia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEFC145FE1E7595253D7CE6" box="[407,552,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bougainvillia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.—fragment of colony (A); nematocysts (B). C:
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEFC145FBEA7595268A7CC4" authority="Wedler &amp; Larson, 1986" authorityName="Wedler &amp; Larson" authorityYear="1986" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Millardiana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="longitentaculata">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEFC145FBEA759522897CE6" box="[1123,1436,1730,1753]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Millardiana longitentaculata</emphasis>
Wedler &amp; Larson, 1986
</taxonomicName>
—gastro- and gonozooids. D:
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEFC145FD7C75B223E97CC4" authority="Millard &amp; Bouillon, 1973" authorityName="Millard &amp; Bouillon" authorityYear="1973" box="[757,1276,1764,1788]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Bougainvilliidae" genus="Silhouetta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="uvacarpa">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEFC145FD7C75B224C77CC3" box="[757,978,1765,1788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Silhouetta uvacarpa</emphasis>
Millard &amp; Bouillon, 1973
</taxonomicName>
—colony with hydranths and gonophores. E to H:
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEFC145FD96745F24887D21" authority="(Calder, 1988b)" baseAuthorityName="Calder" baseAuthorityYear="1988" box="[543,925,1799,1823]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Rhizogeton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sterreri">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEFC145FD96745F25FB7D20" box="[543,750,1800,1823]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Rhizogeton sterreri</emphasis>
(Calder, 1988b)
</taxonomicName>
—hydranth (E); hydranth and male gonophore (F); male gonophore (G); nematocysts (H). I and J:
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEFC145FD34747D23737D7E" authority="McCrady, 1857" authorityName="McCrady" authorityYear="1857" box="[701,1126,1834,1857]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Oceaniidae" genus="Turritopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="nutricula">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEFC145FD34747D24277D7E" box="[701,818,1834,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Turritopsis</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEFC145FCD3747D24A97D7E" box="[858,956,1834,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">nutricula</emphasis>
McCrady, 1857
</taxonomicName>
—polyp (I); nematocysts (J). K and L:
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEFC145FE88741A25667D5C" authority="Alder, 1856" authorityName="Alder" authorityYear="1856" box="[257,627,1868,1892]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Eudendrium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="capillare">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEFC145FE88741A26F97D5B" box="[257,492,1869,1892]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Eudendrium capillare</emphasis>
Alder, 1856
</taxonomicName>
—stem (K); undischarged (left) and discharged (right) microbasic eurytele (L). M to O:
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEFC145FEAF742725BA7DB9" authority="Pictet, 1893" authorityName="Pictet" authorityYear="1893" box="[294,687,1903,1927]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Eudendriidae" genus="Myrionema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amboinense">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEFC145FEAF7427253D7DB8" box="[294,552,1904,1927]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Myrionema amboinense</emphasis>
Pictet, 1893
</taxonomicName>
—hydranths with female (M) and male (N) gonophores; nematocysts (O). P:
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEFC145FF6C74C525467D96" authority="Rotch, 1871" authorityName="Rotch" authorityYear="1871" box="[229,595,1938,1961]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Cladocorynidae" genus="Cladocoryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="floccosa">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEFC145FF6C74C526DB7D96" box="[229,462,1938,1961]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Cladocoryne floccosa</emphasis>
Rotch, 1871
</taxonomicName>
—hydranth (some frontal tentacles removed). R to U:
<taxonomicName id="4C234D1CFFEFC145FB1C74C527DF7DF4" authority="Gaertner, 1774" authorityName="Gaertner" authorityYear="1774" class="Hydrozoa" family="Corynidae" genus="Coryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pusilla">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEFC145FB1C74C522277D96" box="[1173,1330,1938,1961]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Coryne pusilla</emphasis>
Gaertner, 1774
</taxonomicName>
—hydranth (R); male (S) and female (T) gonophores; nematocysts (U). Scale bars: 10 µm (B, H, J, L, O, U); 50 µm (K); 100 µm (S, T); 200 µm (G, I); 300 µm (C); 500 µm (P, R); 1 mm (A, D, E, F, M, N).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C3396514FFEEC144FF4C73C026FF7AE5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9C369FFFEEC144FF4C73C026FF7AE5" blockId="7.[151,1435,151,218]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B957EA8DFFEEC144FF4C73C0264B7A8E" bold="true" box="[197,350,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution</emphasis>
.
<collectingCountry id="F334760FFFEEC144FEF873CF26FB7A8D" box="[369,494,152,178]" name="Seychelles" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FD8973CF24237A8D" author="Millard" box="[512,822,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="52" refString="Millard, N. A. H. &amp; Bouillon, J. (1973) Hydroids from the Seychelles (Coelenterata). Annales du Museum Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, 206, 1 - 105." type="journal article" year="1973">Millard &amp; Bouillon 1973</bibRefCitation>
), western Atlantic (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FBAC73CF23D87A8D" author="Calder" box="[1061,1229,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Calder, D. R. (1988 b) Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: the Athecatae. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions, 148, 1 - 107." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Calder 1988b</bibRefCitation>
), western Pacific (Kirkendale &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB24B6EFFEEC144FEC1739726C87AE5" author="Calder" box="[328,477,192,218]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Calder, D. R., Mallinson, J. J., Collins, K. &amp; Hickman, C. P. (2003) Additions to the hydroids (Cnidaria) of the Galapagos, with a list of species reported from the islands. Journal of Natural History, 37, 1173 - 1218." type="journal article" year="2003">Calder 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>