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<document id="BB635C48B9F7B02315D798A83D5A6D28" ID-CLB-Dataset="45308" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.280255" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9d264785-6035-49e2-b6cf-29e3022a6e80" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="280255" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460448439561" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Razowski, Józef &amp; Brown, John W." docDate="2012" docId="038987EFFF98FFEDFF61C7823D5D3FCC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03222p027.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3222" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Phtheochroa aarviki Razowski &amp; Brown, 2012, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="3" masterDocId="FFB0FF97FF9AFFEFFFF6C7153C1A3816" masterDocTitle="Descriptions of new Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) reared from native fruit in Kenya" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698338011529" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="32F6B868AFBE451BEC823D8A5B4F5141">Descriptions of new Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) reared from native fruit in Kenya</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="13385559DA46B9A93CE6D52130ED5D3C">Razowski, Józef</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="706B7F016348196DFBC208568E733865">Brown, John W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="E9D332B405EABDF43125DC7981266F52">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038987EFFF98FFEDFF61C7823D5D3FCC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6178542" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119509882" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6178542" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987EFFF98FFEDFF61C7823D5D3FCC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038987EFFF98FFEDFF61C7823D5D3FCC" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection id="C33A6572FF98FFEDFF61C7823D7B38C4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9F36F9FF98FFEDFF61C7823DFA38A7" blockId="2.[151,480,151,210]" box="[151,480,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D0D78195FF98FFEDFF61C7823DFA38A7" bold="true" box="[151,480,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFF61C7823DFA38A7" bold="true" box="[151,480,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFF61C7823D9538A7" ID-CoL="B3ZCC" box="[151,399,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aarviki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFF61C7823D9538A7" bold="true" box="[151,399,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Phtheochroa aarviki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2675790FF98FFEDFE68C7823DFA38A7" box="[414,480,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F36F9FF98FFEDFF61C7AF3D7B38C4" blockId="2.[151,480,151,210]" box="[151,353,186,210]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<figureCitation id="131B2A7CFF98FFEDFF61C7AF3CF938C4" box="[151,227,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1861,1884]" captionTargetBox="[155,1430,195,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1432,195,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Adults of Tortricidae. 1, Phtheochroa aarviki (paratype male), 2, Endothenia ator (holotype female), 3, Endothenia ator (paratype male), 4, Concinocordis wilsonarum (holotype male), 5, Anthozela psychotriae (paratype female), 6, Cosmetra podocarpivora (holotype male), 7, Cosmetra taitana (holotype male), 8, Gypsonoma scolopiae (paratype male)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280256/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131B2A7CFF98FFEDFF07C7AF3D2338C4" box="[241,313,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 22" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[225,1369,278,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[218,1376,255,1918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 22. Male genitalia. 15, Phtheochroa aarviki, genital capsule (GS USNM 84,907), 16, P. aarviki, phallus (GS USNM 84,907), 17, Endothenia ator (GS USNM 85,887), 18, Concinocordis wilsonarum (GS USNM 128,811), 19, Anthozela psychotriae (GS USNM 95,905), 20, Cosmetra podocarpivora (GS USNM 124,453), 21, Cosmetra taitana (GS USNM 124,442), 22, Gypsonoma scolopiae (GS USNM 128,819)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280258/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">15, 16</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131B2A7CFF98FFEDFEB3C7AF3D7B38C4" box="[325,353,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 33" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1929,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1388,199,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[184,1397,195,1894]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 33. Female genitalia. 29, Phtheochroa aarviki (GS USNM 84906), 30, Endothenia ator (GS USNM 124,476), 31, Concinocordis wilsonarum (GS USNM 128,812), 32, Anthozela chrysoxantha (GS USNM 124,066), 33, Anthozela psychotriae (GS USNM 128,814)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280260/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">29</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A6572FF98FFEDFF61C61738DC3C24" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9F36F9FF98FFEDFF61C61738DC3C24" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFF61C6173D0B390D" bold="true" box="[151,273,258,283]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFEEEC6163DE4390D" box="[280,510,259,283]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aarviki">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFEEEC6163DE4390D" box="[280,510,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Phtheochroa aarviki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFD26C6113F53390D" box="[720,841,259,283]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFD26C6113F53390D" box="[720,841,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. kenyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in facies and genitalia. The two share a similar forewing pattern, but the ground color of
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFDC8C63D3EBD3928" box="[574,679,294,319]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. a ar v i ki</emphasis>
is dark gray-brown (
<figureCitation id="131B2A7CFF98FFEDFC61C6333FC23928" box="[919,984,294,318]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1861,1884]" captionTargetBox="[155,1430,195,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1432,195,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Adults of Tortricidae. 1, Phtheochroa aarviki (paratype male), 2, Endothenia ator (holotype female), 3, Endothenia ator (paratype male), 4, Concinocordis wilsonarum (holotype male), 5, Anthozela psychotriae (paratype female), 6, Cosmetra podocarpivora (holotype male), 7, Cosmetra taitana (holotype male), 8, Gypsonoma scolopiae (paratype male)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280256/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) compared to the pale gray-brown of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFA71C63D3CEE3975" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFA71C63D3CEE3975" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. kenyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Aarvik 2010: fig. 41). The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFD0BC6593F733975" box="[765,873,331,355]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aarviki">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFD0BC6593F733975" box="[765,873,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. aarviki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from those of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFB08C65939623975" box="[1278,1400,331,355]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFB08C65939623975" box="[1278,1400,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. kenyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the blunt termination of the median process of the transtilla (an emarginate, U-shaped termination in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFAEEC66539883990" box="[1304,1426,366,391]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFAEEC66539883990" box="[1304,1426,366,391]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. kenyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the presence of two large cornuti in the vesica (one in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFCDCC6813FB939BD" box="[810,931,403,427]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFCDCC6813FB939BD" box="[810,931,403,427]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. kenyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). In the female genitalia, the narrow band of the antrum is attached to a broad, sclerotized plate in
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFD0EC6AD3F7A39D8" box="[760,864,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. a a r v i k i</emphasis>
which is absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFBB6C6AD38A039D8" box="[1088,1210,438,463]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFBB6C6AD38A039D8" box="[1088,1210,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. kenyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both species share with
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFF26C6C93DE839E4" authority="Huemer, 1990" authorityName="Huemer" authorityYear="1990" box="[208,498,474,499]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingridae">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFF26C6C93D5139E5" box="[208,331,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. ingridae</emphasis>
Huemer, 1990
</taxonomicName>
from Europe (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B08FF98FFEDFD33C6CF3F9B39E4" author="Razowski" box="[709,897,474,498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Razowski, J. (2002 c) Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) of Europe, Volume 1, Tortricinae and Chlidanotinae. F. Slamka, Bratislava. 247 pp." type="book" year="2002" yearSuffix="c">Razowski 2002c</bibRefCitation>
) and species of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFBCEC6CE394439E4" authority="Razowski, 1993" authorityName="Razowski" authorityYear="1993" box="[1080,1374,474,499]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Actihema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFBCEC6CE38B839E5" box="[1080,1186,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Actihema</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B08FF98FFEDFB5FC6CF394439E4" author="Razowski" box="[1193,1374,474,498]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Razowski, J. (1993) Cochylini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) of the Ethiopian Region. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 36, 137 - 159." type="journal article" year="1993">Razowski, 1993</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from eastern Africa (see Aarvik 2010) an unusual, highly modified juxta with a long slender mesal process and the uncus reduced to a small mesal lobe (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFDD2C5313E853A2D" box="[548,671,547,571]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingridae">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFDD2C5313E283A2D" box="[548,562,548,571]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFDB6C5363E853A2D" box="[576,671,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">ingridae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or lost altogether (i.e.,
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFC5BC536380D3A2D" box="[941,1047,547,571]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Actihema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFC5BC536380D3A2D" box="[941,1047,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Actihema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). However, it is uncertain whether these character states are synapomorphies or merely reflect convergence. These species are easily distinguished by a number of other features: the socii are broad basally and digitate distally in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFC0EC57E387B3A95" box="[1016,1121,619,643]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Actihema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFC0EC57E387B3A95" box="[1016,1121,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Actihema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Aarvik 2010: figs. 27–36), rounded in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFEEFC5853D8E3AB0" box="[281,404,654,679]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingridae">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFEEFC5853D8E3AB0" box="[281,404,654,679]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. ingridae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Razowski 2002: fig. 75), and subtriangular in
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFC44C58538003AB0" box="[946,1050,654,679]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. a a r v i k i</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="131B2A7CFF98FFEDFBD9C59B389B3AB0" box="[1071,1153,654,678]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 22" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[225,1369,278,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[218,1376,255,1918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 22. Male genitalia. 15, Phtheochroa aarviki, genital capsule (GS USNM 84,907), 16, P. aarviki, phallus (GS USNM 84,907), 17, Endothenia ator (GS USNM 85,887), 18, Concinocordis wilsonarum (GS USNM 128,811), 19, Anthozela psychotriae (GS USNM 95,905), 20, Cosmetra podocarpivora (GS USNM 124,453), 21, Cosmetra taitana (GS USNM 124,442), 22, Gypsonoma scolopiae (GS USNM 128,819)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280258/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFB35C58539263AB0" box="[1219,1340,654,679]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFB35C58539263AB0" box="[1219,1340,654,679]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. kenyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Aarvik 2010: fig. 4). The elongate process of the juxta is densely spined in the distal half in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFBB5C5A638B73ADD" box="[1091,1197,691,715]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Actihema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFBB5C5A638B73ADD" box="[1091,1197,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Actihema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and smooth throughout in
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFF28C5CD3D4F3AF9" box="[222,341,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. i n g r i d a e</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFE90C5CD3DCB3AF8" box="[358,465,726,751]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aarviki">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFE90C5CD3DCB3AF8" box="[358,465,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. aarviki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFDF8C5CD3E9C3AF8" box="[526,646,726,751]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFDF8C5CD3E9C3AF8" box="[526,646,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. kenyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The ventral edge of the valva is somewhat rounded from the sacculus to the apex in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFEC2C5EE3D843B05" box="[308,414,763,787]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Actihema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFEC2C5EE3D843B05" box="[308,414,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Actihema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFE5AC5E93E083B05" box="[428,530,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. a a r v i k i</emphasis>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFDA5C5E93ED13B05" box="[595,715,763,787]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFDA5C5E93ED13B05" box="[595,715,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. kenyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas it is deeply concave basally in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFB67C5E939113B05" box="[1169,1291,763,787]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingridae">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFB67C5E939113B05" box="[1169,1291,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. ingridae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The phallus is slender in the distal half (width &lt;0.18 times length) and the vesica lacks cornuti in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFBA4C40B38A13B20" box="[1106,1211,798,822]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Actihema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFBA4C40B38A13B20" box="[1106,1211,798,822]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Actihema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas it is wider (width 0.25–0.30 times length) in
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFDE3C4513E963B4D" box="[533,652,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. i n g r i d a e</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFD30C4513F2B3B4D" box="[710,817,835,859]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aarviki">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFD30C4513F2B3B4D" box="[710,817,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. aarviki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with one large cornutus in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFB9DC45138FF3B4D" box="[1131,1253,835,859]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ingridae">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFB9DC45138FF3B4D" box="[1131,1253,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. ingridae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFAEAC451398B3B4D" box="[1308,1425,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. k en y a na</emphasis>
, and two large cornuti in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFE44C47D3E043B68" box="[434,542,870,895]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aarviki">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFE44C47D3E043B68" box="[434,542,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. aarviki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFCDDC47D3F8D3B68" box="[811,919,870,895]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aarviki">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFCDDC47D3F8D3B68" box="[811,919,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. aarviki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFC27C47D38513B68" box="[977,1099,870,895]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kenyana">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFC27C47D38513B68" box="[977,1099,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. kenyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also are somewhat similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFF0EC49E3E853BB4" authority="Meyrick, 1927" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1927" box="[248,671,906,931]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Trachybyrsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euglypta">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFF0EC49E3DEA3BB5" box="[248,496,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Trachybyrsis euglypta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B08FF98FFEDFE01C49F3E853BB4" author="Meyrick" box="[503,671,906,930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Meyrick, E. (1927) Exotic Microlepidoptera, 3 (11), 321 - 352." type="journal article" year="1927">Meyrick, 1927</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, particularly in the overall shape of the valva and phallus;
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFAC7C49939863BB5" box="[1329,1436,907,931]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aarviki">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFAC7C49939863BB5" box="[1329,1436,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. aarviki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also shares with
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFEA6C4A53DD33BD0" box="[336,457,942,967]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Trachybyrsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euglypta">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFEA6C4A53DD33BD0" box="[336,457,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">T. euglypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
two cornuti in the vesica. However,
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFC90C4A53FF83BD0" box="[870,994,942,967]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Trachybyrsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euglypta">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFC90C4A53FF83BD0" box="[870,994,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">T. euglypta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks the long, dorsomedian process of the juxta and has an elongate-rectangular median process from the transtilla (broad and rounded in
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFB18C4C1394F3BFD" box="[1262,1365,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. a a r v i k i</emphasis>
). The median process of the transtilla of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFDD3C4ED3E883C18" box="[549,658,1014,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aarviki">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFDD3C4ED3E883C18" box="[549,658,1014,1039]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. aarviki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFC8BC4ED39083C18" authority="Meyrick, 1909" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1909" box="[893,1298,1014,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eugnosta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="assecula">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFC8BC4ED384B3C18" box="[893,1105,1014,1039]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Eugnosta assecula</emphasis>
(Meyrick, 1909)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="F3377669FF98FFEDFAACC4E33CF83C24" name="South Africa" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, but
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFEE1C3093D643C25" box="[279,382,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. a a r v i k i</emphasis>
lacks the erect rigid socii characteristic of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFC94C309383D3C24" authority="Hubner" authorityName="Hubner" box="[866,1063,1050,1075]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eugnosta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFC94C3093FD63C25" box="[866,972,1052,1075]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Eugnosta</emphasis>
Hübner
</taxonomicName>
[1825], 1816.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A6572FF98FFEDFF31C32B384F3F84" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9F36F9FF98FFEDFF31C32B39453E10" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFF31C32B3D433C41" bold="true" box="[199,345,1086,1111]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description.</emphasis>
Male.
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFE5DC32B3DF23C40" box="[427,488,1086,1110]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Head</emphasis>
: Vertex and frons olive gray; labial palpus olive gray with a small patch of cream scales dorsally on subbasal portion on segment II, length 3 times horizontal diameter of compound eye.
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFAB5C376398E3C6D" box="[1347,1428,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Thorax</emphasis>
: Notum brownish gray, darker than head; legs unmodified, without sex scales in male. Forewing length
<quantity id="4CD89B1CFF98FFEDFAE3C39339863C88" box="[1301,1436,1158,1182]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.65" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="mm" value="6.65" valueMax="6.8" valueMin="6.5">6.5–6.8 mm</quantity>
(n = 2); forewing (
<figureCitation id="131B2A7CFF98FFEDFE9AC3BF3DB43CD4" box="[364,430,1194,1218]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1861,1884]" captionTargetBox="[155,1430,195,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[155,1432,195,1840]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Adults of Tortricidae. 1, Phtheochroa aarviki (paratype male), 2, Endothenia ator (holotype female), 3, Endothenia ator (paratype male), 4, Concinocordis wilsonarum (holotype male), 5, Anthozela psychotriae (paratype female), 6, Cosmetra podocarpivora (holotype male), 7, Cosmetra taitana (holotype male), 8, Gypsonoma scolopiae (paratype male)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280256/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) slightly expanding distally; costa weakly curved throughout, costal fold absent; termen weakly oblique to costa, slightly sinuate before middle; ground color whitish gray, densely scaled with dark brownish gray, darker in distal 0.33 of wing than in basal portion; pattern weak, in form of brown, faint, oblique fasciae from basal 0.3 of costa to near mid-dorsum; costa with ill-defined, small, faint brownish orange, subapical patch; fringe cream gray basally, dark brown distally. Hindwing brownish gray; basal 0.4 of costa with distinct pale orange hairpencil; fringe brownish gray with darker basal area.
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFCAAC24B3FDC3D60" box="[860,966,1374,1398]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Genitalia (
<figureCitation id="131B2A7CFF98FFEDFBBCC24B38803D60" box="[1098,1178,1374,1398]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 22" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[225,1369,278,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[218,1376,255,1918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 22. Male genitalia. 15, Phtheochroa aarviki, genital capsule (GS USNM 84,907), 16, P. aarviki, phallus (GS USNM 84,907), 17, Endothenia ator (GS USNM 85,887), 18, Concinocordis wilsonarum (GS USNM 128,811), 19, Anthozela psychotriae (GS USNM 95,905), 20, Cosmetra podocarpivora (GS USNM 124,453), 21, Cosmetra taitana (GS USNM 124,442), 22, Gypsonoma scolopiae (GS USNM 128,819)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280258/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) with uncus in form of rudimentary median prominence at posterior end of tegumen; socii broad, short, subtriangular; valva broad to about middle, then tapering distally; sacculus simple, uniformly broad throughout; median part of transtilla broad, very short, rounded, finely spined; juxta with elongate dorsomedian process; phallus (
<figureCitation id="131B2A7CFF98FFEDFBEAC2DF38773DF4" box="[1052,1133,1482,1506]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 22" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[225,1369,278,1894]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[218,1376,255,1918]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 22. Male genitalia. 15, Phtheochroa aarviki, genital capsule (GS USNM 84,907), 16, P. aarviki, phallus (GS USNM 84,907), 17, Endothenia ator (GS USNM 85,887), 18, Concinocordis wilsonarum (GS USNM 128,811), 19, Anthozela psychotriae (GS USNM 95,905), 20, Cosmetra podocarpivora (GS USNM 124,453), 21, Cosmetra taitana (GS USNM 124,442), 22, Gypsonoma scolopiae (GS USNM 128,819)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280258/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
) moderately large, slender, with distinct attenuate ventral termination; vesica with two slender cornuti, one slightly longer than the other.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F36F9FF98FFEDFF31C1073F2C3F30" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Female.
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFEDAC1063DE83E3D" box="[300,498,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Head and thorax</emphasis>
: Essentially as described for male, except forewing length 7.0 mm (n = 2) and ground color slightly paler; hindwing with number of bristles in frenulum variable: 3&amp;
<quantity id="4CD89B1CFF98FFEDFB86C12338813E58" box="[1136,1179,1590,1614]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
one specimen, 4&amp;
<quantity id="4CD89B1CFF98FFEDFA86C12339863E58" box="[1392,1436,1590,1614]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
the other (having a higher number of bristles than most
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFCE3C14F3F9C3E64" box="[789,902,1626,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cochylini">Cochylini</taxonomicName>
, as do other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFB64C14E39383E65" box="[1170,1314,1627,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFB64C14E39383E65" box="[1170,1314,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Phtheochroa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B08FF98FFEDFAA8C14E3D423E80" author="Monsalve" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Monsalve, S., Dombroskie, J. J., Lam, W. H. Y., Rota, J., and Brown, J. W. (2011) Variation in the female frenulum in Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). Part 3. Tortricinae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 113, 335 - 370." type="journal article" year="2011">
Monsalve
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFF2FC1953D093E80" box="[217,275,1662,1687]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFE9AC16B3DCC3E80" box="[364,470,1662,1686]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Abdomen</emphasis>
: Genitalia (
<figureCitation id="131B2A7CFF98FFEDFDABC16B3EAB3E80" box="[605,689,1662,1686]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 33" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1929,1952]" captionTargetBox="[189,1388,199,1892]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[184,1397,195,1894]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 33. Female genitalia. 29, Phtheochroa aarviki (GS USNM 84906), 30, Endothenia ator (GS USNM 124,476), 31, Concinocordis wilsonarum (GS USNM 128,812), 32, Anthozela chrysoxantha (GS USNM 124,066), 33, Anthozela psychotriae (GS USNM 128,814)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/280260/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
) with papillae anales unmodified; apophyses anteriores about 1.8 times as long as papillae anales, slightly longer than apophyses posteriores; lamella postvaginalis with sclerotized mesal process; lamella antevaginalis rectangular, with a distinct, narrow, anterior band; accessory bursae absent; ductus bursae broad, mostly sclerotized, not differentiated from corpus bursae; origin of ductus seminalis uncertain; posterior third of corpus bursae with dense fine spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F36F9FF98FFEDFF31C0273F243F78" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus id="549B885BFF98FFEDFF31C0273D353F5C" box="[199,303,1842,1866]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(3).
<collectingCountry id="F3377669FF98FFEDFE9BC0263DA33F5D" box="[365,441,1843,1867]" name="Kenya" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Kenya</collectingCountry>
, Central Province, Kereita Forest,
<quantity id="4CD89B1CFF98FFEDFCB6C0273F8D3F5C" box="[832,919,1842,1866]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="m" value="2500.0">2500 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE14503EFF98FFEDFC52C027380F3F5C" box="[932,1045,1842,1866]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="9" value="-0.94">0°56.40’S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE14503EFF98FFEDFBEBC02738663F5C" box="[1053,1148,1842,1866]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="925" value="36.85">36°51’E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF9E1039FF98FFEDFB7FC02739143F5C" box="[1161,1294,1842,1866]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2003-12-03">3 Dec 2003</date>
, A&amp;M Coll. #2587, r.f.
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFEE7C0433D873F78" box="[273,413,1878,1902]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bothriocline" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFEE7C0433D873F78" box="[273,413,1878,1902]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bothriocline</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. [
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFE27C0423E4F3F79" box="[465,597,1879,1903]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asteraceae</taxonomicName>
]; GS USNM 84,907.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F36F9FF98FFEDFF31C06E384F3F84" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,2010]" box="[199,1109,1914,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus id="549B885BFF98FFEDFF31C06E3D2E3F85" box="[199,308,1915,1939]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
(23, 2Ƥ). Same data as
<typeStatus id="549B885BFF98FFEDFDBEC06F3EB43F84" box="[584,686,1914,1938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; GS USNM 84,906 (Ƥ), 118,732 (3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A6572FF98FFEDFF31C08A3D5D3FCC" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9F36F9FF98FFEDFF31C08A3D5D3FCC" blockId="2.[151,1437,258,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B954EAEBFF98FFEDFF31C08A3D543FA1" bold="true" box="[199,334,1951,1975]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet is a patronym for Leif Aarvik in recognition of his exceptional work on African
<taxonomicName id="4C204D7AFF98FFEDFF33C0D73D593FCC" box="[197,323,1986,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tortricidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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