790 lines
74 KiB
XML
790 lines
74 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4657242" ID-GBIF-Dataset="96fd1ba3-d7b3-402d-a5a4-7e4df747ed2e" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180784087" ID-ISSN="0067-1975" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4657242" checkinTime="1617214787661" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wilson, G. G." docDate="1998" docId="038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6" docLanguage="en" docName="RecAustMus.50.1.55-83.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Records of the Australian Museum 50 (1)" docSource="https://journals.australian.museum/wilson-1998-rec-aust-mus-501-5583/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:CF64E561BE6B94FA5F31B9132C6D4316.1:RecAustMus.1998.journal_article" docStyleId="CF64E561BE6B94FA5F31B9132C6D4316" docStyleName="RecAustMus.1998.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Lethrinus obsoletus" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="78" masterDocId="FFB0FFA2FF928346835CFFCBFFCF6F76" masterDocTitle="A description of the early juvenile colour patterns of eleven Lethrinus species (Pisces: Lethrinidae) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="55" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1632023523603" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A description of the early juvenile colour patterns of eleven Lethrinus species (Pisces: Lethrinidae) from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wilson, G. G.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Records of the Australian Museum</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>1998</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>1998-05-13</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>50</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>55</mods:start>
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<mods:end>83</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>https://journals.australian.museum/wilson-1998-rec-aust-mus-501-5583/</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3853/j.0067-1975.50.1998.1274</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">96fd1ba3-d7b3-402d-a5a4-7e4df747ed2e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">0067-1975</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4652850</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4657242" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180784087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4657242" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
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<subSubSection box="[1512,2064,433,473]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[1512,2064,433,473]" box="[1512,2064,433,473]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
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<heading box="[1512,2064,433,473]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="(Forsskal)" baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1512,2064,433,473]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoletus">
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<emphasis box="[1512,1872,433,473]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">Lethrinus obsoletus</emphasis>
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(Forsskal)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[1590,1990,540,579]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[1590,1990,540,579]" box="[1590,1990,540,579]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">PI. 2E-H, Fig. 5B,C,E</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[1301,2281,644,1143]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3066478317" collectionCode="AMS, USNM" country="Australia" location="Great Barrier Reef region" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" specimenCode="AMS 1.20772, 027, AMS 1.34911, 008, 009, 010, AMS 1.34912, AMS 1.34913, 003, 004, 005, 006, AMS 1.34919, 002, AMS 1.34926, 001, AMS 1.34927, USNM 336685, USNM 336686, USNM 336687" specimenCount="72">
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Material examined. (
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<specimenCount box="[1740,2011,644,683]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="generic">72 specimens</specimenCount>
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:
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<quantity box="[2048,2262,644,683]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="8.1" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="49.0" valueMax="81.0" valueMin="17.0">17-81 mm</quantity>
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).
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<collectingCountry box="[1302,1493,691,729]" name="Australia" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6:8EFF6017FF86835286BAFD78F8506DAF" box="[1510,1951,691,729]" country="Australia" name="Great Barrier Reef region" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">Great Barrier Reef region</location>
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,
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<specimenCode box="[1972,2209,691,729]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.20772</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[2220,2281,691,729]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">027</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[1342,1489,737,775]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.1" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="81.0">81 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1529,1789,737,775]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34911</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[1800,1868,737,775]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">008</specimenCode>
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(4:
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<quantity box="[1938,2148,737,775]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="18.0">18-27 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34911</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[1442,1503,783,821]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">009</specimenCode>
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(3:
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<quantity box="[1556,1747,783,821]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="37.5" valueMax="39.0" valueMin="36.0">36-39 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1777,2007,783,821]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34911</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[2018,2080,783,821]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">010</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[2129,2262,783,821]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1302,1545,829,868]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34912</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[1556,1619,829,868]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">009</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[1677,1818,829,868]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1853,2097,829,868]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34913</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[2108,2170,829,868]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">003</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1407,1652,875,914]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34913</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[1663,1728,875,914]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">004</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[1784,1925,875,914]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1960,2206,875,914]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34913</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[2217,2280,875,914]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">005</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[1338,1471,921,960]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="27.0">27 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1504,1742,921,960]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34913</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[1752,1814,921,960]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">006</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[1867,2001,921,960]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="43.0">43 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[2034,2271,921,960]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34919</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[1302,1362,967,1006]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">002</specimenCode>
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(2:
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<quantity box="[1424,1617,967,1006]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="33.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="31.0">31-35 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1652,1893,967,1006]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34919</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[1904,1964,967,1006]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">003</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[2019,2156,967,1006]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="31.0">31 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34926</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[1451,1513,1013,1052]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">001</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[1576,1716,1013,1052]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1750,1992,1013,1052]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">AMS 1.34927</specimenCode>
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-
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<specimenCode box="[2003,2062,1013,1052]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">001</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[2121,2262,1013,1052]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="58.0">58 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1301,1550,1059,1098]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="Museum">USNM 336685</specimenCode>
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(1:
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<quantity box="[1602,1735,1059,1098]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1769,2019,1059,1098]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="Museum">USNM 336686</specimenCode>
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(3:
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<quantity box="[2070,2262,1059,1098]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="26.0">26--34 mm</quantity>
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),
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<specimenCode box="[1301,1547,1105,1143]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="Museum">USNM 336687</specimenCode>
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(4:
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<quantity box="[1602,1786,1105,1143]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="38.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="37.0">37-40 mm</quantity>
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), not retained (45:
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<quantity box="[2083,2263,1105,1143]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="63.0" valueMin="17.0">17-63 mm</quantity>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[1300,2282,1210,1479]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
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Diagnosis. Body moderately deep, depth 2.5-3.0 in SL; 5.5 dorsal scale rows, 15-16 ventral scale rows; maxillary serrations 5-7 at
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<quantity box="[1591,1770,1302,1341]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="16.0">16-18 mm</quantity>
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, 1-4 at
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<quantity box="[1905,2084,1302,1341]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="27.0" valueMax="29.0" valueMin="25.0">25-29 mm</quantity>
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, 0-2 at 30- 39, absent thereafter; cheek scales present at
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<quantity box="[2089,2273,1348,1387]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="23.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="16.0">16-30 mm</quantity>
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, variable at
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<quantity box="[1494,1679,1394,1433]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="39.0" valueMin="31.0">31-39 mm</quantity>
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, absent at less than
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<quantity box="[2033,2155,1394,1433]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="39.0">39 mm</quantity>
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; dorsal spine 4 or 5 the longest at less than
|
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<quantity box="[1920,2039,1440,1479]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="20.[1299,2282,1545,1906]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
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Diagnostic colour notes. Body and head cream to pale grey-tan; banding intense, shoulder blotch cuboidal or vertically-rectangular, seldom with pale halo, not crossing lateral-line; dorsal margin of lateral-line silvery cream; 2-4 orange-tan primary stripes, pectoral stripe of greatest width and intensity; dark mid-lateral stripe frequently displayed (
|
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<quantity box="[1489,1679,1821,1859]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="50.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="20.0">20-80 mm</quantity>
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), intense, width approximately 5.0 in body depth; fins mostly hyaline.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[1296,2281,1972,3160]" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
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Colour notes. Minimal change in colour patterns throughout juvenile ontogeny, frequently displays dark intermittent patterns, able to switch colour patterns in 1-3 seconds. At
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<quantity box="[1529,1723,2110,2149]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="17.0">17-19 mm</quantity>
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, recently-settled: body cream, abdomen silver, lateral-line cryptic; 4-7 indistinct grey bands along dorsum, may join faint ventral bands at lateralline; shoulder-blotch dark grey, often inconspicuous, cuboidal (Fig. 5B), never crossing lateral-line, without pale halo, rapidly switched on or off within 2-3 seconds; 2-3 indistinct primary stripes, pale orange-tan, dorsal and ventral stripes often indistinguishable, pectoral stripe marginally widerthan orbital stripe; nape and snout yellowtan, cheek silver without dark markings; fins hyaline.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="20.[1296,2281,1972,3160]" lastBlockId="21.[241,1220,411,772]" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">
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At
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<quantity box="[1405,1593,2570,2608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="75" unit="mm" value="50.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="20.0">20-80 mm</quantity>
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(
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<collectionCode box="[1624,1664,2570,2608]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">PI</collectionCode>
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. 2E-G): body pale grey-tan, belly off-white, lateral-line usually distinct, dorsal margin offwhite; banding and shoulder blotch distinct and intense when alive (
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<collectionCode box="[1509,1548,2707,2746]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">PI</collectionCode>
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. 2E,F), fading after death (
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<collectionCode box="[2019,2058,2707,2746]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">PI</collectionCode>
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. 2G), medial dorsal bands usually joining 2-3 cuboidal blotches below lateral-line (
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<collectionCode box="[1504,1543,2799,2838]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">PI</collectionCode>
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. 2E,F), ventral bands extending diagonally between blotches and belly, shoulder blotch distinct, mostly vertically-rectangular (Fig. 5C,E,
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<collectionCode box="[1888,1925,2891,2930]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">PI</collectionCode>
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. 2F,G), occasionally cuboidal (Fig. 5B,
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<collectionCode box="[1627,1665,2937,2976]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="20" pageNumber="75">PI</collectionCode>
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. 2E), seldom bordering lateral-line, rarely with pale halo; dark mid-lateral stripe frequently seen in field, dark brown to black, width approximately 5.0 in body depth; primary stripes orange-pink to orangetan, dorsal stripe seldom conspicuous, pectoral stripe slightly wider than others (as in
|
|
<collectionCode box="[809,846,411,450]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 2G); head similar to body, nape and snout uniform or mottled tan, black nearvertical band often bisecting orbit in field, grey blotch below orbit from
|
|
<quantity box="[540,657,549,588]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
|
|
(inverted v-shaped band from
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
|
|
) and dark grey to brown blotches along rear margin of preoperculum and operculum in captivity; fins mostly hyaline, pale pink distally in field, anterior half of spinous fins off-white with scattered brown patches.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[240,1224,839,1246]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
Colour in alcohol. At
|
|
<quantity box="[651,835,839,878]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="17.0">17-20 mm</quantity>
|
|
, body off-white, dark banding and shoulder blotch dulled, primary stripes lost, fins hyaline; at greater than
|
|
<quantity box="[727,848,931,970]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
|
, body and head olive to grey-tan, belly off-white, banding and dark head markings distinct though dulled, primary stripes lost; fins hyaline. After preservation,
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[717,921,1069,1108]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoletus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[717,921,1069,1108]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">L. obsoletus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
juveniles (
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="49.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="18.0">18-80 mm</quantity>
|
|
) are often indistinguishable from
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[919,1089,1115,1154]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lentjan">
|
|
<emphasis box="[919,1089,1115,1154]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">L. lentjan</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosus">L. nebulosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
preventing identification beyond
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="obsoletusl" subSpecies="lentjanlnebulosus">L. obsoletusl lentjanlnebulosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[237,1219,1312,1995]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
Ecology. Common, mostly solitary, occasionally joins small (approximately 10-15 individuals) multi-species schools with similarly-sized congeners
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
(
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Seale" authorityYear="1910" box="[948,1157,1404,1443]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atkinsoni">L. atkinsoni</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="genivittatus">L. genivittatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[498,667,1450,1489]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="harak">L. harak</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[703,969,1450,1489]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">L. variegatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Stethojulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigiventor">Stethojulis strigiventor</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lacepede in Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1801" box="[461,863,1496,1535]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mullidae" genus="Parupeneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barberinus">Parupeneus barberinus</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis box="[958,1139,1496,1535]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[958,1133,1496,1535]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mullidae" genus="Parupeneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indicus">P. indicus</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
and particularly
|
|
<emphasis box="[446,776,1542,1581]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Houttuyn" baseAuthorityYear="1782" box="[446,770,1542,1581]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Siganidae" genus="Siganus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscescens">Siganus fuscescens</taxonomicName>
|
|
;
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
settles at
|
|
<quantity box="[960,1140,1542,1581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="16.0">16-18 mm</quantity>
|
|
into shallow seagrass cover (
|
|
<quantity box="[676,824,1588,1627]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="2.1" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="0.2">0.2-4 m</quantity>
|
|
;
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[851,1011,1588,1627]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cymodoceaceae" genus="Halodule" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Halodule</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[1042,1208,1588,1627]" class="Liliopsida" family="Hydrocharitaceae" genus="Thalassia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Thalassia</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[240,435,1634,1673]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cymodoceaceae" genus="Cymodocea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cymodocea</taxonomicName>
|
|
)
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
on fringing and lagoonal reefs, an ontogenetic shift apparent to adjacent reef-flat habitats at
|
|
<quantity box="[1025,1211,1680,1719]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="80.0" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="70.0">70-90 mm</quantity>
|
|
, individuals
|
|
<quantity box="[442,652,1726,1765]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="115.0" valueMax="140.0" valueMin="90.0">90-140 mm</quantity>
|
|
only occasionally encountered within shallow areas; forages diurnally off seagrass leaves (
|
|
<quantity box="[374,564,1818,1857]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="24.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="18.0">18-30 mm</quantity>
|
|
) or on benthic items (at greater than
|
|
<quantity box="[238,369,1864,1903]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
|
), no aggressive interactions noted, individuals
|
|
<quantity box="[241,436,1910,1949]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="21.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="18.0">18-25 mm</quantity>
|
|
rapidly seek shelter within the seagrass canopy when disturbed.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[232,1217,2060,3156]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
Field identification. Generally an easy species to identify in the field, although can be confused with
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[966,1207,2107,2146]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="genivittatus">L. genivittatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[235,403,2153,2192]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lentjan">L. lentjan</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[498,719,2153,2192]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[498,719,2153,2192]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">L. nebulosus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(Table 1). Small specimens (
|
|
<quantity box="[250,434,2199,2238]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="21.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="18.0">18-25 mm</quantity>
|
|
) can be distinguished from
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[924,1141,2199,2238]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nebulosus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[924,1141,2199,2238]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">L. nebulosus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[235,403,2245,2284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lentjan">
|
|
<emphasis box="[235,403,2245,2284]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">L. lentjan</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by their intense shoulder blotch (Fig. 5) and orange to orange-tan primary stripes. At this size,
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoletus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">L. obsoletus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[480,722,2337,2375]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="genivittatus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[480,722,2337,2375]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">L. genivittatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be reliably separated by their primary stripes, dorsal bands, and shoulder blotch. At greater than
|
|
<quantity box="[506,627,2428,2467]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[649,854,2428,2467]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoletus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[649,854,2428,2467]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">L. obsoletus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
can be distinguished from other species by the prominent orange-pink to orangetan pectoral stripe. During display of the dark mid-lateral stripe, the off-white dorsal border of the lateral-line, in combination with a moderately-deep body profile (cf. pale dorsal border with slender body in
|
|
<emphasis box="[898,1167,2658,2697]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[898,1148,2658,2697]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">L. variegatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
is diagnostic. At all sizes, individuals may need to be observed for several minutes before the full range of colour patterns can be ascertained. At less than
|
|
<quantity box="[1004,1136,2796,2835]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
|
|
, the collection of specimens for examination of freshly-killed colours may also be necessary. Further notes on separating these species in the field are given in the "Field Identification" sections of
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[691,934,2980,3019]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="genivittatus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[691,934,2980,3019]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">L. genivittatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis box="[1026,1200,2980,3019]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lacepede" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[1026,1195,2980,3019]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lentjan">L. lentjan</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[232,1217,2060,3156]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[232,560,3026,3065]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoletus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[232,560,3026,3065]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Lethrinus obsoletus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
appears unique among GBR lethrinids in continuing to display a dark mid-lateral stripe pattern throughout the adult stage (
|
|
<collectionCode box="[706,744,3118,3156]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 2H).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[1291,2272,411,681]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
Previous descriptions.
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Wheeler" box="[1695,1959,411,450]" firstAuthor="Wheeler" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 51" refId="ref23031" refString="Wheeler, J. F. G., 1961. The genus Lethrinus in the Western Indian Ocean. Colonial Office Fishery Publications No. 15: 1 - 51." type="book chapter" year="1961">Wheeler (1961)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
included a colour sketch of a captive
|
|
<quantity box="[1648,1771,457,496]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="88.0">88 mm</quantity>
|
|
TL specimen (as
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ramak">Lethrinus ramak</taxonomicName>
|
|
)
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
along with brief descriptions of the stress, resting and freshly-killed colouration displayed by "very young" specimens (sizes not given).
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Masuda & Kobayashi" box="[1780,2270,596,634]" firstAuthor="Masuda" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" refId="ref22430" refString="Masuda, H., & Y. Kobayashi, 1994. Grand Atlas of Fish Life Modes. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, pp. 465." type="book" year="1994">Masuda & Kobayashi (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
provided a colour plate of a specimen
|
|
<quantity box="[1941,2057,641,681]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
|
|
total length.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[1291,2271,747,1200]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
Identification notes.
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Carpenter & AlIen" box="[1668,2113,747,786]" firstAuthor="Carpenter" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" refId="ref21593" refString="Carpenter, KE., & G. R. AlIen, 1989. FAO species catalogue: Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125, Volume 9. FAO, Rome, pp. v + 118." type="book" year="1989">Carpenter & AlIen (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
note the presence of a "knob" on the outer surface of the maxilla in
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1291,1494,839,878]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoletus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1291,1494,839,878]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">L. obsoletus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
to be useful for separating this species from other lethrinids. This character is indistinguishable at less than
|
|
<quantity box="[1388,1517,931,970]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
|
|
. Alternative meristic and morphological measurements (particularly the number of dorsal scale rows, presence of cheek scales and number of maxillary serrations), along with the shoulder blotch and primary stripes, represent the easiest means of distinguishing smaller
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1426,1630,1161,1200]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoletus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1426,1630,1161,1200]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">L. obsoletus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from other close species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4657244" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180784086" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4657244" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<subSubSection box="[1474,2082,1278,1317]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[1474,2082,1278,1317]" box="[1474,2082,1278,1317]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Valenciennes" box="[1474,2082,1278,1317]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1474,1837,1278,1317]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Lethrinus olivaceus</emphasis>
|
|
Valenciennes
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[1601,1958,1378,1416]" box="[1601,1958,1378,1416]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<collectionCode box="[1601,1640,1378,1416]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 3A,B, Fig. 3C,D
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[1290,2270,1476,1837]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
Material examined. (
|
|
<specimenCount box="[1720,1987,1476,1515]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="generic">15 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|
:
|
|
<quantity box="[2018,2250,1476,1515]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" metricValueMax="12.4" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="78.0" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="32.0">32-124 mm</quantity>
|
|
).
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3066478329" collectionCode="AMS" country="Australia" location="Great Barrier Reef region" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" specimenCode="USNM 336688, USNM 336689, USNM 336690" specimenCount="1">
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[1291,1483,1523,1562]" name="Australia" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6:8EFF6017FF8783538687FA38F859696C" box="[1499,1942,1523,1562]" country="Australia" name="Great Barrier Reef region" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">Great Barrier Reef region</location>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectionCode box="[1963,2049,1523,1562]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">AMS</collectionCode>
|
|
I.34919-004 (1:
|
|
<quantity box="[1327,1461,1569,1608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 mm</quantity>
|
|
),
|
|
<collectionCode box="[1494,1581,1569,1608]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">AMS</collectionCode>
|
|
I.34928-001 (1:
|
|
<quantity box="[1857,1991,1569,1608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="38.0">38 mm</quantity>
|
|
),
|
|
<collectionCode box="[2025,2111,1569,1608]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">AMS</collectionCode>
|
|
I.34929- 001 (1:
|
|
<quantity box="[1414,1560,1615,1654]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="39.0">39 mm</quantity>
|
|
),
|
|
<collectionCode box="[1599,1691,1615,1654]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">AMS</collectionCode>
|
|
I.34930-001 (1:
|
|
<quantity box="[1992,2139,1615,1654]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
|
|
),
|
|
<collectionCode box="[2178,2268,1615,1654]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">AMS</collectionCode>
|
|
I.34931-001 (1:
|
|
<quantity box="[1555,1698,1661,1699]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
|
|
),
|
|
<collectionCode box="[1735,1824,1661,1699]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">AMS</collectionCode>
|
|
I.34931-002 (1:
|
|
<quantity box="[2110,2250,1661,1699]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="63.0">63 mm</quantity>
|
|
),
|
|
<specimenCode box="[1290,1554,1706,1746]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="Museum">USNM 336688</specimenCode>
|
|
(1:
|
|
<quantity box="[1611,1753,1706,1746]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="34.0">34 mm</quantity>
|
|
),
|
|
<specimenCode box="[1790,2055,1706,1746]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="Museum">USNM 336689</specimenCode>
|
|
(1:
|
|
<quantity box="[2111,2251,1706,1746]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="53.0">53 mm</quantity>
|
|
),
|
|
<specimenCode box="[1290,1549,1752,1791]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="Museum">USNM 336690</specimenCode>
|
|
(1:
|
|
<quantity box="[1602,1740,1752,1791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
|
|
), not retained (5:
|
|
<quantity box="[2035,2250,1752,1791]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.4" metricValueMax="12.4" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="84.0" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="44.0">44-124 mm</quantity>
|
|
)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3066478319" accessionNumber="NMV 46333" box="[1290,2262,1798,1837]" collectionCode="NMV" country="Indonesia" location="EasternArchipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" specimenCount="1">
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[1290,1472,1798,1837]" name="Indonesia" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6:8EFF6017FF8783538696F8CDF8ED685B" box="[1482,1826,1798,1837]" country="Indonesia" name="EasternArchipelago" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">EasternArchipelago</location>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber box="[1844,2051,1798,1837]" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NMV46333" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
<collectionCode box="[1844,1940,1798,1837]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34978" name="Museum Victoria" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="Museum">NMV</collectionCode>
|
|
46333
|
|
</accessionNumber>
|
|
(1:
|
|
<quantity box="[2100,2251,1798,1837]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="111.0">111 mm</quantity>
|
|
)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[1289,2270,1904,2081]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
Diagnosis. Body moderately elongate, body depth
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.747" metricValueMax="8.128" metricValueMin="7.366" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="in" value="3.05" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.9">2.9- 3.2 in</quantity>
|
|
SL; 5.5 dorsal scale rows, 16-17 ventral scale rows; maxillary serrations absent at greater than
|
|
<quantity box="[2028,2150,1996,2034]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
|
|
; cheek scales retained until
|
|
<quantity box="[1628,1748,2042,2081]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
|
|
; dorsal spine 3 or 4 the longest.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[1288,2269,2147,2507]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
Diagnostic colour notes. Dorsum pale olive-grey, shading to silvery off-white ventrally; dark markings intense, shoulder blotch horizontally-rectangular, ventral bands diagonal (Fig. 3D,
|
|
<collectionCode box="[1606,1644,2285,2324]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 3B), width of dark mid-lateral stripe approximately 6.0 in body depth; single dark blotch below orbit at
|
|
<quantity box="[1436,1630,2376,2415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="51.5" valueMax="63.0" valueMin="40.0">40-63 mm</quantity>
|
|
, 2 blotches below orbit and 2 bands between mouth and orbit at
|
|
<quantity box="[1745,1879,2422,2461]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="124.0">124 mm</quantity>
|
|
; spinous fins with dense melanophores, appearing dark grey when folded at rest.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="76" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="21.[1287,2271,2574,3164]" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">
|
|
Colour notes. At
|
|
<quantity box="[1620,1816,2574,2613]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="76" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="63.0" valueMin="32.0">32-63 mm</quantity>
|
|
: dorsum off-white tan to olivaceus tan, body silvery off-white ventrally, lateral-line mostly cryptic, occasionally faded yellow-tan stripe along ventral margin; dark markings prominent, particularly in field (as in
|
|
<collectionCode box="[1496,1533,2757,2796]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="21" pageNumber="76">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 3B), rapidly switched on in 1-3 seconds when approached or otherwise disturbed, 5-7 indistinct dark bands along dorsum between head and caudal peduncle, 2-3 similar bands along caudal peduncle, 2-3 dark blotches below lateral-line, first blotch of greatest intensity forming a horizontally-rectangular shoulder blotch below dorsal spines 5-7 (Fig. 3D, visible though faded inPI. 3A,B), network of diagonal dark bands between blotches and belly (Fig. 3D); intense dark mid-lateral stripe
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4652881" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4652881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4652881/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" startId="22.[117,158,1204,1224]" targetBox="[78,1148,222,1188]" targetPageId="22">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="22.[117,1111,1204,1285]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
|
|
Plate 3.
|
|
<emphasis box="[187,375,1204,1224]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">A-Le/hrimu' vlil'act-lll".</emphasis>
|
|
approx. 250 mm SL. underwater photograph by R.H. Kuiter. Bali Ondonesia).
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">B-u/hrinlls o/iI'OCCIIS.</emphasis>
|
|
approx. 400 mm SL. underwaler photograph by R.H. Kuitcr. Papua New Guinea. C-䱥汬牲楦汬汾✠
|
|
<emphasis box="[954,1015,1225,1245]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">umalll.l',</emphasis>
|
|
36 l1un SL. AMS 1.34932-001. live, Green Island.
|
|
<emphasis box="[421,617,1246,1266]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">D-Lethrinus l'ariegalUs,</emphasis>
|
|
39 mm SL. live, Green Island.
|
|
<emphasis box="[874,1111,1246,1266]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">F..-LelhrinllI xallllrochilus. 26</emphasis>
|
|
mm SL, AMS 1.34923-001. dead. Green Island.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="22.[94,596,1347,1596]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
|
|
common in field, banding switched olT, narrower than that of other Jethrinids, width 6.0 in body depth, switched on or off rapidly; lips, snout and nape mouled grey, preoperculum and venlral half of operculum silvery white with indistinct dark blotches along posterior margins. funher dark blotch forming below orbit; fins mostly hyaline, anterior half of spinous fins with off-white and yellow patches interspersed by dark grey blotches, pale orange-pink distally at greater than
|
|
<quantity box="[137,196,1530,1552]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
|
|
, appearing dark grey when folded at rest.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="22.[94,596,1347,1596]" lastBlockId="22.[630,1110,1350,1416]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
|
|
At
|
|
<quantity box="[148,217,1554,1574]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="mm" value="124.0">124 mm</quantity>
|
|
, as in smaller specimens, dark markings on head and body more intense, 5-6 dark blotches on operculum. 2 dark blotches below orbit and 2 bands between mouth and orbit: fins with oblique maroon bands, interspaces off-white yellow. pale scarlet dislally.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="22.[632,1111,1441,1507]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">Colour in alcohol. Dorsum pale off-white tan. shading to off-w hite belly: distinctive markings on body and head slightly faded; dense melanophores retained on tins.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" type="biology_ecology">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="22.[630,1110,1532,1598]" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
|
|
Ecology. Uncommon al Green Island. restricted to shoreline seagrass areas (
|
|
<quantity box="[882,981,1555,1575]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="0.85" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2-1.5 m</quantity>
|
|
:
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="77">
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[998,1105,1555,1575]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cymodoceaceae" genus="Cymodocea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cymodocea</taxonomicName>
|
|
, fIafodllfe. Thaiassia),
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
occurring over shallow (
|
|
<quantity box="[1048,1104,1578,1598]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2-4 m</quantity>
|
|
)
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[232,1212,435,796]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
open sand/coral rubble at greater than
|
|
<quantity box="[977,1128,435,474]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
|
|
; not appearing site-attached, a single
|
|
<quantity box="[818,941,480,520]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
|
|
individual was observed swimming in a loose multi-species school with similar-sized
|
|
<emphasis box="[480,1066,573,611]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[480,824,573,611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Siganidae" genus="Siganus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juscescens">Siganus juscescens</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ruppell in Ruppell" authorityYear="1835" box="[853,1066,573,611]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Halichoeres" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Halichoeres</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
species (
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="G.Cuvier" authorityYear="1816" box="[246,410,618,657]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Labridae</taxonomicName>
|
|
) and congeners
|
|
<emphasis box="[725,737,618,657]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">(</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis box="[737,966,618,657]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Seale" authorityYear="1910" box="[737,960,618,657]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atkinsoni">L. atkinsoni</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis box="[989,1153,618,657]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[989,1147,618,657]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="harak">L. harak</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forsskal" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obsoletus">L. obsoletus</taxonomicName>
|
|
),
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
periodically picking food items off seagrass blades and adjacent substratum; no aggressive interactions noted, other field behaviours unknown.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[230,1211,862,1408]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
Field identification. Rarely encountered in the field as early juveniles, a combination of the slender body and snoutprofiles, horizontal shoulderblotch,narrow mid-lateral stripe, ventral diagonal banding and absence of coloured primary stripes may distinguish this species. The intense fin pigmentation characteristic of dead specimens was not noted in field observations, althoughis faintly visible in the colour plate of a
|
|
<quantity box="[414,549,1185,1224]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
|
|
juvenile given in
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Myers" box="[852,1076,1185,1224]" firstAuthor="Myers" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" refId="ref22541" refString="Myers, R. F., 1989. Micronesian reef fishes. 1 st edn. Coral Graphics, Guam, pp. vi + 298." type="book" year="1989">Myers (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. During display of the dark mid-lateral stripe pattern,
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[1008,1210,1231,1270]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1008,1210,1231,1270]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">L. olivaceus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
may be confused with numerous species, particularly
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="genivittatus">L. genivittatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
Individuals may need to be followed for several minutes before other patterns are displayed.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[229,1211,1473,1835]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
Previous descriptions.
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Kuiter & Debelius" box="[630,1056,1473,1512]" firstAuthor="Kuiter" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" refId="ref22246" refString="Kuiter, R. H., & H. Debelius, 1994. Southeast Asia tropical fish guide. IKAN-Unterwasserarchiv, Frankfurt, Germany, pp. 321." type="book" year="1994">Kuiter & Debelius (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
included a colour plate of
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[538,746,1520,1559]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[538,746,1520,1559]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">L. olivaceus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(as
|
|
<emphasis box="[830,1052,1520,1559]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[830,1041,1520,1559]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microdon">L. microdon</taxonomicName>
|
|
)
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
showing the characteristic horizontal shoulder blotch and ventral banding. A
|
|
<quantity box="[435,569,1612,1651]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="150.0">150 mm</quantity>
|
|
juvenile (as
|
|
<emphasis box="[793,1047,1612,1651]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[793,1036,1612,1651]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semicinctus">L. semicinctus</taxonomicName>
|
|
)
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
is shown in
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Myers" box="[276,496,1658,1696]" firstAuthor="Myers" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" refId="ref22541" refString="Myers, R. F., 1989. Micronesian reef fishes. 1 st edn. Coral Graphics, Guam, pp. vi + 298." type="book" year="1989">Myers (1989</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectionCode box="[518,555,1658,1696]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 56E), displaying the intense shoulder blotch and narrow mid-lateral stripe characteristic of field observations.
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Lieske & Myers" box="[466,858,1750,1789]" firstAuthor="Lieske" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" refId="ref22394" refString="Lieske, E., & R. F. Myers, 1994. Collins Pocket Guide: Coral Reef Fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean. Harper Collins Publishers, London, pp. 400." type="book" year="1994">Lieske & Myers (1994</bibRefCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectionCode box="[881,918,1750,1789]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 53) also figured the
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[295,500,1796,1835]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[295,500,1796,1835]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">L. olivaceus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
dark mid-lateral stripe pattern.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="78" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[227,1211,1901,2308]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
Remarks. Freshly collected
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[748,965,1901,1940]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[748,965,1901,1940]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">L. olivaceus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
juveniles are unlikely to be confused with other
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="G.Cuvier" authorityYear="1829" box="[834,993,1947,1986]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[834,993,1947,1986]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">Lethrinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species of a similar size. Specimens retained frozen or in alcohol for extended periods were noted to display near-identical banding to
|
|
<emphasis box="[443,719,2085,2124]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[443,712,2085,2124]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="genivittatus">L. genivittatus</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
particularly if the orange primary stripes in the latter species had faded. Such material may be reliably separated using the number of dorsal scale rows, shape of the shoulder blotch, and intensity of pelvic-fin pigmentation.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4657246" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180784088" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4657246" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<subSubSection box="[429,1006,2397,2436]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[429,1006,2397,2436]" box="[429,1006,2397,2436]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Valenciennes" box="[429,1006,2397,2436]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[429,759,2397,2436]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">Lethrinus ornatus</emphasis>
|
|
Valenciennes
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[663,773,2479,2518]" box="[663,773,2479,2518]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<collectionCode box="[663,701,2479,2518]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 3C
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[227,1209,2561,2829]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
Material examined. (
|
|
<specimenCount box="[668,940,2561,2600]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" type="generic">11 specimens</specimenCount>
|
|
:
|
|
<quantity box="[975,1188,2561,2600]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.55" metricValueMax="9.1" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="55.5" valueMax="91.0" valueMin="20.0">20-91 mm</quantity>
|
|
).
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3066478311" collectionCode="Pi" country="Australia" location="Great Barrier Reef region" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="AMS 1.34917, 001, AMS 1.34932" specimenCount="1">
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[227,422,2607,2645]" name="Australia" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6:8EFF6017FF85835182EAF5E4FCBF6523" box="[438,880,2607,2645]" country="Australia" name="Great Barrier Reef region" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">Great Barrier Reef region</location>
|
|
,
|
|
<specimenCode box="[901,1137,2607,2645]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">AMS 1.34917</specimenCode>
|
|
-
|
|
<specimenCode box="[1147,1205,2607,2645]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">001</specimenCode>
|
|
(1:
|
|
<quantity box="[265,407,2652,2691]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="32.0">32 mm</quantity>
|
|
),
|
|
<specimenCode box="[442,688,2652,2691]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">AMS 1.34932</specimenCode>
|
|
-
|
|
<specimenCode box="[699,759,2652,2691]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">001</specimenCode>
|
|
(1:
|
|
<quantity box="[820,961,2652,2691]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 mm</quantity>
|
|
), not retained (6:20-69)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3066478312" collectionCode="Pi" country="Indonesia" location="Maumere Bay" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" specimenCount="1">
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[415,596,2698,2737]" name="Indonesia" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6:8EFF6017FF858351813CF541FC8065C7" box="[608,847,2698,2737]" country="Indonesia" name="Maumere Bay" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">Maumere Bay</location>
|
|
(Flores), not retained (2:
|
|
<quantity box="[268,397,2744,2783]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
|
)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3066478322" collectionCode="Pi" country="Solomon Islands" location="New Georgia Island" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" specimenCode="AMS 1.22128, 154" specimenCount="1">
|
|
<collectingCountry box="[430,750,2744,2783]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">SOLOMON ISLANDS</collectingCountry>
|
|
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038987DAFF86835386B4FE7AF7D96BC6:8EFF6017FF85835181A0F573FB8165A9" box="[764,1102,2744,2783]" country="Solomon Islands" name="New Georgia Island" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">New Georgia Island</location>
|
|
,
|
|
<specimenCode collectionCode="AMS" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">AMS 1.22128</specimenCode>
|
|
-
|
|
<specimenCode box="[373,432,2791,2829]" collectionCode="AMS" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">154</specimenCode>
|
|
(1:
|
|
<quantity box="[485,621,2791,2829]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="91.0">91 mm</quantity>
|
|
)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="78" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[226,1208,2871,3048]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
Diagnosis. Body relatively deep, its depth
|
|
<quantity box="[919,1078,2871,2910]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.731" metricValueMax="7.111999999999999" metricValueMin="6.35" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="in" value="2.65" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.5">2.5-2.8 in</quantity>
|
|
SL; 5.5 dorsal scale rows, 15 ventral scale rows; maxillary serrations 2-4 at
|
|
<quantity box="[342,459,2963,3002]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
|
, absent at greater than
|
|
<quantity box="[843,962,2963,3002]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
|
|
; dorsal spine 5 the longest at
|
|
<quantity box="[457,632,3009,3048]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="40.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="20.0">20-60 mm</quantity>
|
|
(rarely 4 at greater than
|
|
<quantity box="[1043,1162,3009,3048]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[226,1207,3091,3176]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">Diagnostic colour notes. Primary stripes 4, bright orange, of similarwidth and intensity, interspaces silvery off-white;</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="78" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[1283,2265,434,565]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
fins hyaline, pink to pale scarlet distally; pale scarlet band along rear margin of operculum at greater than
|
|
<quantity box="[2131,2257,480,518]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
|
|
; dark markings seldom displayed.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="78" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[1282,2266,631,1913]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
Colour notes. A striking species with few differences in colouration between adults and juveniles, difficult to confuse with other
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="G.Cuvier" authorityYear="1829" box="[1622,1783,723,762]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1622,1783,723,762]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">Lethrinus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
species. At
|
|
<quantity box="[2004,2190,723,762]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="50.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="20.0">20-80 mm</quantity>
|
|
(
|
|
<collectionCode box="[2219,2258,723,762]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 3A): dorsum and nape pale grey-tan, flank silvery offwhite, belly off-white; 4 prominent bright orange primary stripes, of similar width and intensity, fine grey borders, interspaces grey-tan or silvery off-white, dorsal stripe extending to below medial dorsal rays, remaining stripes terminating at base of caudal peduncle; black banding and cuboidal shoulder blotch seldom displayed infield although common at capture (
|
|
<collectionCode box="[1672,1714,1092,1131]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 3C) and after death, rapidly switched on or off, 6-7 bands along dorsum, most connecting with further banding between lateral-line and belly, 2-3 similar bands along caudal peduncle; dark midlateral stripe occasionally displayed in field, dark grey, width approximately 4.0 in body depth, obscuring dorsal and orbital stripes, pectoral and ventral stripes usually remaining visible though dulled; head similar to body, snout yellow-brown, cheek silvery off-white, may have diffuse tan blotch, eye often bisected by near-vertical black band in field, pale scarlet band developing along rear margin of operculum from
|
|
<quantity box="[1754,1873,1598,1637]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
|
|
(faded in
|
|
<collectionCode box="[2055,2092,1598,1637]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 3C); fins mostly hyaline, caudal and pectoral fins pale pinkish yellow, anterior half of spinous fins off-white with dark grey patches basally, deep pink to scarlet distally in field, diffuse pink at capture (as in
|
|
<collectionCode box="[1516,1551,1782,1821]" country="Russia" name="Paleontological Institute" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">PI</collectionCode>
|
|
. 3C) and when freshly-killed.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="78" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[1282,2266,631,1913]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
At greater than
|
|
<quantity box="[1591,1707,1828,1866]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
|
|
, body, head and fins as in smaller specimens, dark mid-lateral stripe and banding absent.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[1280,2265,1988,2210]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">Colour in alcohol. Dorsum pale grey-tan with 5-6 dark bands; ventral half of body and primary stripes faded to off-white, dark banding below lateral-line dissected by primary stripes into 3-6 series of square blotches; banding retained along caudal peduncle; fins hyaline.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="78" type="biology_ecology">
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[1278,2266,2285,2783]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
Ecology. Uncommon at Green Island, settles at
|
|
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="21.0" valueMin="19.0">19-21 mm</quantity>
|
|
into shallow reef seagrass habitats, remaining there until
|
|
<quantity box="[1383,1584,2377,2415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="70.0">70-80 mm</quantity>
|
|
; solitary, not appearing site attached, seldom in close association with other fishes, occasionally joining small loose schools with juvenile
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<taxonomicName authority=", Siganusjuscescens" authorityName="Siganusjuscescens" class="Actinopterygii" family="Labridae" genus="Stethojulis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="strigiventor">Stethojulis strigiventor, Siganusjuscescens</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Shaw" baseAuthorityYear="1803" box="[1856,2194,2515,2554]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mullidae" genus="Parupeneus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="indicus">Parupeneus indicus</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
and congeners of a similar size, particularly in the presence of piscivorous carangids or lutjanids; at
|
|
<quantity box="[2068,2266,2607,2645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="40.0">40-70 mm</quantity>
|
|
periodically resting briefly at the base of the seagrass canopy in tall-dense
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[1661,1862,2698,2737]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cymodoceaceae" genus="Cymodocea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alismatales" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1661,1862,2698,2737]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">Cymodocea</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<emphasis box="[1956,2127,2698,2737]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[1956,2121,2698,2737]" class="Liliopsida" family="Cymodoceaceae" genus="Halodule" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Halodule</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
fleeing over the canopy when disturbed.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph blockId="23.[1281,2266,2857,3172]" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">
|
|
Field identification. Juvenile
|
|
<taxonomicName box="[1890,2091,2857,2896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Lethrinidae" genus="Lethrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="23" pageNumber="78" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
|
<emphasis box="[1890,2091,2857,2896]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="78">L. ornatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are best distinguished in the field by their deep body profile, intense orange primary stripes and rarity of conspicuous dark banding or mid-lateral stripe patterns (cf. frequent displays in other species with bright primary stripes). Recentlysettled specimens display near-identical colouration to later stages, although less conspicuously.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |