155 lines
17 KiB
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155 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A7B7E32A61AF89762A4E9FF71722D2E7">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C050FCDD4CCFDBFEDFEE39DCCC6C7D56">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7DD75552D875C709CE80ED8071B3329A" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4364F37A502896E315A90E4DDE497EA0">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E6CC519DAD01B8DF02DEFF48415AE75B" type="email">phil.alderslade@csiro.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="1805739725CE7B02E13BD2BD6303E45B">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2B2B0BA82C571C3FBE000D5D71D96DF8" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="8F5CD4C5F063CF2EF8438CF6755024FD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2BB25EC4839D62019B9563A1E7872596">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8E3A631EB3602A8D27257AF474C6F3CA">2023-02-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FAE762A93AD1C6EC3E68E193B439839B">5236</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0388B6417B77FFCDFF56FA5CFACCF825" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7639756" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209290946" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639756" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B77FFCDFF56FA5CFACCF825" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B77FFCDFF56FA5CFACCF825" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B77FFCDFF56FA5CFDC0FA70" box="[151,574,1445,1472]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B77FFCDFF56FA5CFDC0FA70" blockId="97.[151,574,1445,1472]" box="[151,574,1445,1472]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<heading id="D0D6B03B7B77FFCDFF56FA5CFDC0FA70" bold="true" box="[151,574,1445,1472]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B77FFCDFF56FA5CFDC0FA70" ID-CoL="5B8K3" authority="Grasshoff, 1999" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,574,1445,1472]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Verrucella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="corona">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFF56FA5CFDC0FA70" bold="true" box="[151,574,1445,1472]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFF56FA5CFE8FFA0F" bold="true" box="[151,369,1445,1472]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Verrucella corona</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B77FFCDFEB9FA5CFDC0FA70" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[376,574,1445,1471]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff, 1999</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B77FFCDFF56FA1DFCBEF9F0" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B77FFCDFF56FA1DFC02FA33" blockId="97.[151,1020,1508,1533]" box="[151,1020,1508,1533]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B77FFCDFF56FA1DFC02FA33" box="[151,1020,1508,1533]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B77FFCDFF56FA1DFDB8FA32" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[151,582,1508,1533]" page="84" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" year="1999">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B77FFCDFF56FA1DFDB8FA32" ID-CoL="5B8K3" authority="Grasshoff, 1999: 83 - 84" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityPageNumber="83 - 84" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,582,1508,1533]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Verrucella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="corona">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFF56FA1DFEB0FA33" box="[151,334,1508,1532]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Verrucella corona</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B77FFCDFE95FA1DFDB8FA32" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[340,582,1508,1533]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff, 1999: 83–84</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 140; pl. 11, fig. 2–4 (
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<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B77FFCDFC8FFA1CFC0CFA33" box="[846,1010,1508,1533]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B77FFCDFF56F9DCFCBEF9F0" blockId="97.[151,832,1573,1600]" box="[151,832,1573,1600]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Opinion: This species does not appear to occur in the region.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B77FFCDFF56F994FACCF825" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B77FFCDFF56F994FED7F948" blockId="97.[151,1437,1645,1744]" box="[151,297,1645,1671]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Justification:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B77FFCDFF06F968FC1CF900" blockId="97.[151,1437,1645,1744]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFF06F968FC4CF964" box="[199,946,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B77FFCDFC05F96BFB2BF964" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. & Raghunathan, C. & Raghuraman, R. & Sreeraj, C. R. & Venkataraman, K." box="[964,1237,1681,1708]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" refId="ref103651" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Raghunathan, C., Raghuraman, R., Sreeraj, C. R. & Venkataraman, K. (2014 a) Handbook on Gorgonians (Octocorallia) of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 119 pp." type="book" year="2014">
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Kumar
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFBDDF96BFBAEF964" box="[1052,1104,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">et al</emphasis>
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. 2014a: 38
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</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 16, fig. A–D (Havelock Is.);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B77FFCDFE87F94CFD94F900" author="Fernando, S. & Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C." box="[326,618,1717,1744]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
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Fernando
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFE76F94FFE16F900" box="[439,488,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2017: 262
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 122, fig. A–D (Andaman Is.).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B77FFCDFF06F900FACCF825" blockId="97.[151,1437,1784,2027]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFF06F900FE60F8DD" box="[199,414,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Literature analysis</emphasis>
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: The publications of
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B77FFCDFD5DF900FC6CF8DD" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. & Raghunathan, C. & Raghuraman, R. & Sreeraj, C. R. & Venkataraman, K." box="[668,914,1784,1811]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" refId="ref103651" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Raghunathan, C., Raghuraman, R., Sreeraj, C. R. & Venkataraman, K. (2014 a) Handbook on Gorgonians (Octocorallia) of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 119 pp." type="book" year="2014">
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Kumar
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFD34F900FCCFF8DD" box="[757,817,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">et al.</emphasis>
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(2014a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B77FFCDFC11F901FB28F8DD" author="Fernando, S. & Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C." box="[976,1238,1784,1810]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
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Fernando
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFB85F900FB7EF8DD" box="[1092,1152,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017)
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
present identical accounts, but the true characteristics of the material are unknown because nearly all of their description is taken word-for-word from Grasshoffs original text, even incorporating the same colony and sclerite measurements: the latter resulting in figured sclerites being much larger than the size given in the text. Additionally, the third sclerite figure from the left in the bottom row is also figured in these authors’ description of
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFBE8F871FF1BF809" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B77FFCDFBE8F871FAE1F86D" baseAuthorityName="Milne Edwards & Haime" baseAuthorityYear="1857" box="[1065,1311,1928,1954]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Dichotella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmacea">Dichotella gemmacea</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B77FFCDFAE9F871FF1BF809" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityYear="1999" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Verrucella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="corona">Verrucella corona</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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is probably endemic to
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFE38F854FD59F809" box="[505,679,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
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<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B77FFCDFE38F854FD59F809" box="[505,679,1964,1990]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B77FFCDFD77F854FC64F808" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. & Raghunathan, C. & Venkataraman, K." box="[694,922,1964,1991]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="15 - 33" refId="ref103709" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Raghunathan, C. & Venkataraman, K. (2015) Abundance of shallow water octocorals in the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago, India. In: Venkataraman, K. & Sivaperuman, C. (Eds.), Marine faunal diversity in India: taxonomy, ecology and conservation. London Academic Press, London, pp. 15 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / B 978 - 0 - 12 - 801948 - 1.00002 - 1" type="book chapter" year="2015">
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Kumar
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFCCDF854FCC0F809" box="[780,830,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">et al</emphasis>
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. (2015)
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
, Kumar
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFC3CF854FBC8F809" box="[1021,1078,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">et al.</emphasis>
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(2017: PY-B) and
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B77FFCDFACCF854FF0EF825" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. & Geetha, S. & Raghunathan, C. & Sornaraj, R." pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="1567 - 1575" refId="ref103536" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Geetha, S., Raghunathan, C. & Sornaraj, R. (2019 b) Diversity and distribution of shallow water octocorallia from Mahatma Gandhi Marine National Park, South Andaman, India. Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences, 48 (10), 1567 - 1575." type="journal article" year="2019">
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||
Kumar
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||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFAA2F854FA63F809" box="[1379,1437,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">et al.</emphasis>
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||
(2019b)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
just list the species and provide a colony image, while
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B77FFCDFC9AF828FBB8F825" author="Kumar, J. S. Y. & Geetha, S. & Raghunathan, C. & Sornaraj, R." box="[859,1094,2000,2027]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="96 - 102" refId="ref103354" refString="Kumar, J. S. Y., Geetha, S., Raghunathan, C. & Sornaraj, R. (2018 a) Diversity and distribution of gorgonians (Octocorallia) in the Long Island and it's adjacent areas in Middle Andaman, India. Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences, 47, 96 - 102." type="journal article" year="2018">
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||
Kumar
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||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B77FFCDFC71F828FC1FF825" box="[944,993,2000,2026]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">et al</emphasis>
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. (2018a)
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</bibRefCitation>
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just lists the species.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |