treatments-xml/data/03/88/B6/0388B6417B5DFFE7FF56FF21FAB3FB77.xml
2024-06-21 12:22:17 +02:00

242 lines
32 KiB
XML
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="082799D89468F8EE546636B9D4F4D243" ID-CLB-Dataset="54753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639327" ID-ZooBank="796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1675871645016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip &amp; Ranjeet, Kutty" docDate="2023" docId="0388B6417B5DFFE7FF56FF21FAB3FB77" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5236.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5236 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Leptogorgia lutkeni" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="76" masterDocId="FFB1CE397B16FFACFFC1FFF9FFFEFFCF" masterDocTitle="The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="76" updateTime="1699474889499" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="59309DC2474182DC99B4DCEF08BCC9DB" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="D5DB28594F85E0FFCEB59C3130AD4E6F">
<mods:title id="E083ECCEF09913CDB81EC8E1CD1B0801">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="54A9935087A406EF913D030DE3E4C975" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FBE0C8DCFB954C2CC91D0A002080431B">
<mods:roleTerm id="246DD566F8FEFFD5FFF4935646B3A4E7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="47594010126A78D90CC14CE1C7908B20">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E203A2309DE7C1F02D331DC5CCB95F8E" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5028-9058</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="655E4B56B0EB5C83E44B1091DA19D075" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6373C198EBDE793A764A0D523A801DE4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F1DD7AD3DED6A55E62D7AFC8C7D7C521">
<mods:roleTerm id="8E3E64A1B162E773B87E135343E68141">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B000F23A5F6B68BF9EE9633362C6AF32">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="98CC70814D841498FF6E5B2FDC92E2BC" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5801-4681</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E38D51EA2F3F09B3C5E4A9D057EFE155" type="email">phil.alderslade@csiro.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C7FDFD073A4554D3CDD252A7C36646BA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="06EE69DF69602F87325EC464BFC4CEAA">
<mods:roleTerm id="F9EA835E22B1E8E161A853B011F39E3F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4ED8D382ECB1B149065E30FEAEF3EEC0">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8EB77A1DFDC7BDE694C2BCE4D8F82AE1" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5028-9058</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AC9DCF405A8F9B340A765391F0C7E6CF" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="80995BB0E71A11BC3AB3458612E01A81">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="401B02FC47BCB31AD2CCB8A2540AAD23" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="BBFB5410AE3F00AE1D279A1A7549AFA7">
<mods:title id="6A54F657B88720B96AFD9F0933689BB7">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="08C012D555FB41B0F79B8E90EA868BA2">
<mods:date id="F1A769C441421F0E09EBB5C9225CA709">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="15B57E97FC339600137D7303BC2EEF4F" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="E8ADE57863F3DB908E683AFAE7992E21">2023-02-07</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="771F46A4E3A8B14865A75811B7AB079B" type="volume">
<mods:number id="48BF1D2C044BE86AC5CEE8C22E0118CD">5236</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A96D900E986A9F2B4E494FBCD5CF9AB8" type="issue">
<mods:number id="711805AD0AEAE6A2BD725D6C95153908">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="69153B066820EB465C31F7EC2E66AB06" unit="page">
<mods:start id="FBA0B94890D64D37A001EB8D09F424A6">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="F08B7D92A70010AAB478DB7C40DBE4AA">124</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="985C88092C457232DFBFFF3A91D5FC24">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="ED62D0917A9FF5C6FF9176DDDACEEAE7" type="CLB-Dataset">54753</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E07CD0C737A83AADAEAA855BEF08D3B4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3D956C18237479C6FCC2ED5225BEDA1B" type="GBIF-Dataset">64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5218800B2BF016C80580020AC97EB37A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C5E7D01FFE2E58691CF9BBB4A4AC937B" type="Zenodo-Dep">7639327</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E58251CA67252E9BBAAC430943D36402" type="ZooBank">796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="0388B6417B5DFFE7FF56FF21FAB3FB77" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7639642" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209291083" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639642" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B5DFFE7FF56FF21FAB3FB77" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B5DFFE7FF56FF21FAB3FB77" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B5DFFE7FF56FF21FD40FF3D" box="[151,702,216,243]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5DFFE7FF56FF21FD40FF3D" blockId="75.[151,702,216,243]" box="[151,702,216,243]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<heading id="D0D6B03B7B5DFFE7FF56FF21FD40FF3D" bold="true" box="[151,702,216,243]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FF56FF21FD40FF3D" ID-CoL="3TQ6Z" authority="(Wright &amp; Studer, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[151,702,216,243]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lutkeni">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FF56FF21FD40FF3D" bold="true" box="[151,702,216,243]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FF56FF21FE78FF3C" bold="true" box="[151,390,216,243]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Leptogorgia lutkeni</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FE54FF21FD48FF3D" author="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T." box="[405,694,216,242]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref110920" refString="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report of the Scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 31 (4), I - IXXII, 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright &amp; Studer, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B5DFFE7FF56FEEFFD2FFE62" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5DFFE7FF56FEEFFB4BFEE1" blockId="75.[151,1437,278,364]" box="[151,1205,278,302]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B5DFFE7FF56FEEFFB4BFEE1" box="[151,1205,278,302]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B5DFFE7FF56FEEFFD77FEE1" author="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T." box="[151,649,278,302]" page="150" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1889">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FF56FEEFFD77FEE1" ID-CoL="8LYJL" authority="Wright &amp; Studer, 1889: 150" authorityName="Wright &amp; Studer" authorityPageNumber="150" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,649,278,302]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Lophogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lutkeni">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FF56FEEFFE98FEE1" box="[151,358,278,302]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Lophogorgia lutkeni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FEADFEEFFD77FEE1" author="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T." box="[364,649,278,302]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref110920" refString="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report of the Scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 31 (4), I - IXXII, 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright &amp; Studer, 1889: 150</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 30, fig. 1, 1a; pl. 34, fig. 1 (Prince Edward Island).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5DFFE7FF56FECFFEF0FEA3" blockId="75.[151,1437,278,364]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B5DFFE7FF56FECFFEF0FEA3" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B5DFFE7FF56FECFFD9EFE82" author="Bielschowsky, E." box="[151,608,309,333]" page="30" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1918">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FF56FECFFD9EFE82" ID-CoL="3TQ6Z" authority="Bielschowsky 1918: 30" authorityName="Bielschowsky" authorityPageNumber="30" authorityYear="1918" box="[151,608,309,333]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lutkeni">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FF56FECFFE9FFE82" box="[151,353,309,333]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Leptogorgia lutkeni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FEABFECCFD9EFE82" author="Bielschowsky, E." box="[362,608,309,333]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref99323" refString="Bielschowsky, E. (1918) Eine Revision der Familie Gorgoniidae. Schlesische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat zu Breslau. Bruchdruckerei II, Fleischmann, Breslau, 66 pp." type="book" year="1918">Bielschowsky 1918: 30</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B5DFFE7FDACFECCFC2FFE82" author="Williams, G. C. &amp; Lindo, K. G." box="[621,977,309,333]" page="511" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FDACFECCFC2FFE82" author="Williams, G. C. &amp; Lindo, K. G." box="[621,977,309,333]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="499 - 521" refId="ref110799" refString="Williams, G. C. &amp; Lindo, K. G. (1997). A review of the octocorallian genus Leptogorgia (Anthozoa: Gorgoniidae) in the Indian Ocean and Subantarctic, with description of a new species and comparisons with related taxa. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 49, 499 - 521." type="journal article" year="1997">Williams &amp; Lindo 1997: 511513</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 5, 9, 10A;
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B5DFFE7FB47FECCFEF4FEA3" author="Williams, G. C. &amp; Vennam, J. S." page="89" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FB47FECCFEF4FEA3" author="Williams, G. C. &amp; Vennam, J. S." pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="71 - 95" refId="ref110861" refString="Williams, G. C. &amp; Vennam, J. S. (2001) A revision of the Indo-West Pacific taxa of the gorgonian genus Pseudopterogorgia (Octocorallia: Gorgoniidae), with the description of a new species from western India. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 10, 71 - 95." type="journal article" year="2001">Williams &amp; Vennam 2001: 8990</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5DFFE7FF56FE6AFD2FFE62" blockId="75.[151,721,403,430]" box="[151,721,403,430]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Opinion: This species does not occur in the region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B5DFFE7FF56FE2DFAB3FB77" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5DFFE7FF56FE2DFED7FE21" blockId="75.[151,1437,468,639]" box="[151,297,468,494]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Justification:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5DFFE7FF06FE01FC58FDB1" blockId="75.[151,1437,468,639]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FF06FE01FC3EFDDD" box="[199,960,504,530]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FC12FE01FA62FDDC" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D." box="[979,1436,504,531]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref108566" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D. (1906) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. 1. The Alcyonarians of the Deep Sea. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 132 + xvi pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8279" type="book" year="1906">Thomson &amp; Henderson 1906: 264265</bibRefCitation>
(Andamans);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FEF0FDE5FD2BFDF8" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Simpson, J. J." box="[305,725,540,567]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref108792" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Simpson, J. J. (1909) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. The Alcyonarians of the Littoral Area. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 319 + xviii pp." type="book" year="1909">Thomson &amp; Simpson 1909: 264265</bibRefCitation>
(Andamans);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FCB9FDE5FAFEFDF8" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G." box="[888,1280,540,567]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="125 - 135" refId="ref108343" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G. (1909) The Alcyonarians of Okhamandal. In: Hornell, J. (Eds.), Report Government Baroda Marine Zoology of Okhamandal in Kattiawar. Part 1. Williams and Norgate, London, pp. 125 - 135." type="book chapter" year="1909">Thomson &amp; Crane 1909: 132133</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 11 (Beyt Island);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FF36FDB9FDA4FD94" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G." box="[247,602,576,603]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="362 - 366" refId="ref108398" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G. (1909 a) Alcyonarians of the Gulf of Cutch. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 3, 362 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930908692591" type="journal article" year="1909">Thomson &amp; Crane 1909a: 365</bibRefCitation>
(Beyt Island—same material);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FC0BFDB9FB2EFD94" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[970,1232,576,603]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando 2011: 9191</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 59, fig. 11c (Pamban);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FED2FD9DFD90FDB0" author="Fernando, S. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C." box="[275,622,612,639]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
Fernando
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FE45FD9CFE4BFDB1" box="[388,437,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">et al</emphasis>
. 2017: 191192
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 87, fig. 11c (Pamban).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5DFFE7FF06FD5EFA80FC57" blockId="75.[151,1437,678,1208]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FF06FD5EFE60FD0F" box="[199,414,678,704]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Literature analysis</emphasis>
: This species was first obtained from Sub-Antarctic waters and was originally placed in
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FF56FD33FED6FD2B" authorityName="Milne Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,296,714,740]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Lophogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FF56FD33FED6FD2B" box="[151,296,714,740]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Lophogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but was later transferred to
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FD90FD32FD24FD2B" box="[593,730,715,740]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FD90FD32FD24FD2B" box="[593,730,715,740]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Leptogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Bielschowski (1918) when revising the genus—
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FACAFD33FA62FD2B" authorityName="Milne Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1857" box="[1291,1436,714,740]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Lophogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FACAFD33FA62FD2B" box="[1291,1436,714,740]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Lophogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FE67FD16FDD1FCC7" box="[422,559,751,776]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FE67FD16FDD1FCC7" box="[422,559,751,776]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Leptogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Bielschowski stated that the Indian and
<collectingRegion id="49E5C9B57B5DFFE7FBCAFD17FBD2FCC7" box="[1035,1068,750,776]" country="United Kingdom" name="Surrey" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Sri</collectingRegion>
Lankan specimens identified as
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FF56FCEAFE8AFCE3" box="[151,372,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FF56FCEAFEDEFCE3" box="[151,288,787,812]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Leptogorgia</taxonomicName>
l¸tkeni
</emphasis>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FE5FFCEBFD07FCE3" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D." box="[414,761,786,812]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref108566" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D. (1906) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. 1. The Alcyonarians of the Deep Sea. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 132 + xvi pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8279" type="book" year="1906">Thomson &amp; Henderson (1906)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FCC5FCEBFBB8FCE3" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Simpson, J. J." box="[772,1094,786,812]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref108792" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Simpson, J. J. (1909) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. The Alcyonarians of the Littoral Area. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 319 + xviii pp." type="book" year="1909">Thomson &amp; Simpson (1909)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FBBDFCEBFA66FCE3" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G." box="[1148,1432,786,812]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="125 - 135" refId="ref108343" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G. (1909) The Alcyonarians of Okhamandal. In: Hornell, J. (Eds.), Report Government Baroda Marine Zoology of Okhamandal in Kattiawar. Part 1. Williams and Norgate, London, pp. 125 - 135." type="book chapter" year="1909">Thomson &amp; Crane (1909</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FF56FCCFFF23FC9F" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G." box="[151,221,822,848]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="362 - 366" refId="ref108398" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Crane, G. (1909 a) Alcyonarians of the Gulf of Cutch. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 3, 362 - 366. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930908692591" type="journal article" year="1909">1909a</bibRefCitation>
) are not this species, which is not surprising as it was first collected off Prince Edward Island at a depth of over
<specimenCount id="9D27CCDE7B5DFFE7FF10FCA3FEDFFCBB" box="[209,289,858,885]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" type="generic">
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B5DFFE7FF10FCA3FEE3FCBB" box="[209,285,858,885]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
The specimens these authors described were probably all species of
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FBF0FCA3FEDCFC57" authority="(Williams &amp; Lindo 1997)" baseAuthorityName="Williams &amp; Lindo" baseAuthorityYear="1997" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Pseudopterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FBF0FCA3FAF9FCBB" box="[1073,1287,858,884]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Pseudopterogorgia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FAD6FCA3FEE4FC57" author="Williams, G. C. &amp; Lindo, K. G." pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="499 - 521" refId="ref110799" refString="Williams, G. C. &amp; Lindo, K. G. (1997). A review of the octocorallian genus Leptogorgia (Anthozoa: Gorgoniidae) in the Indian Ocean and Subantarctic, with description of a new species and comparisons with related taxa. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 49, 499 - 521." type="journal article" year="1997">Williams &amp; Lindo 1997</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and that
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FE51FC87FD05FC56" author="Thomson, J. A." box="[400,763,894,921]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="167 - 186" refId="ref108270" refString="Thomson, J. A. (1905) Appendix to the report on the Alcyonaria collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Ed.), Report to the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar, Part 4 (Supplementary Report), pp. 167 - 186, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1905">Thomson &amp; Hendersons (1905)</bibRefCitation>
was probably a new species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FB89FC87FA8FFC57" author="Williams, G. C. &amp; Vennam, J. S." box="[1096,1393,894,920]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="71 - 95" refId="ref110861" refString="Williams, G. C. &amp; Vennam, J. S. (2001) A revision of the Indo-West Pacific taxa of the gorgonian genus Pseudopterogorgia (Octocorallia: Gorgoniidae), with the description of a new species from western India. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 10, 71 - 95." type="journal article" year="2001">Williams &amp; Vennam 2001</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5DFFE7FF06FC5BFAB3FB77" blockId="75.[151,1437,678,1208]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
The accounts provided by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FDE0FC5BFD16FC73" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[545,744,930,956]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando (2011)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FCF7FC5BFBABFC73" author="Fernando, S. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C." box="[822,1109,930,956]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
Fernando
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FC72FC5AFC0FFC73" box="[947,1009,930,956]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">et al</emphasis>
. (2017)
</bibRefCitation>
are identical and headed “
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FF65FC3FFE30FC2F" box="[164,462,966,992]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FF65FC3FFE84FC2F" baseAuthorityName="Williams &amp; Lindo" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[164,378,966,992]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Pseudopterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Pseudopterogorgia</taxonomicName>
l¸tkeni
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FE1CFC3FFD18FC2F" author="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T." box="[477,742,966,992]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref110920" refString="Wright E. &amp; Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report of the Scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 31 (4), I - IXXII, 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright &amp; Studer, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)”. Their list of synonyms include “
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FBB3FC3FFA62FC2F" box="[1138,1436,966,992]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FBB3FC3FFAB6FC2F" baseAuthorityName="Williams &amp; Lindo" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[1138,1352,966,992]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Pseudopterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Pseudopterogorgia</taxonomicName>
l¸tkeni
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FF56FC13FE50FBCB" author="Williams, G. C. &amp; Lindo, K. G." box="[151,430,1002,1028]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="499 - 521" refId="ref110799" refString="Williams, G. C. &amp; Lindo, K. G. (1997). A review of the octocorallian genus Leptogorgia (Anthozoa: Gorgoniidae) in the Indian Ocean and Subantarctic, with description of a new species and comparisons with related taxa. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 49, 499 - 521." type="journal article" year="1997">Williams &amp; Lindo, 1997</bibRefCitation>
” and “
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FE3DFC13FCD9FBCB" box="[508,807,1002,1028]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FE3DFC13FD2CFBCB" baseAuthorityName="Williams &amp; Lindo" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[508,722,1002,1028]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Pseudopterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Pseudopterogorgia</taxonomicName>
l¸tkeni
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FCEFFC13FBA1FBCB" author="Williams, G. C. &amp; Vennam, J. S." box="[814,1119,1002,1028]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="71 - 95" refId="ref110861" refString="Williams, G. C. &amp; Vennam, J. S. (2001) A revision of the Indo-West Pacific taxa of the gorgonian genus Pseudopterogorgia (Octocorallia: Gorgoniidae), with the description of a new species from western India. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 10, 71 - 95." type="journal article" year="2001">Williams &amp; Vennam, 2001</bibRefCitation>
”, when in fact both of these publications recognised the species as a
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FD9BFBF6FD15FBE7" box="[602,747,1039,1064]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FD9BFBF6FD19FBE7" box="[602,743,1039,1064]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Leptogorgia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
As the authors commented, the growth form of their material looks more like that of a species of
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FDDCFBCBFD46FB83" box="[541,696,1074,1100]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Lophorgorgia</emphasis>
but the sclerites include poorly developed scaphoids, however, the images are very small and the sclerites differences between
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FCF4FBAEFC40FBBF" box="[821,958,1111,1136]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FCF4FBAEFC40FBBF" box="[821,958,1111,1136]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Leptogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FC34FBAFFB35FBBF" baseAuthorityName="Williams &amp; Lindo" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[1013,1227,1110,1136]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Pseudopterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FC34FBAFFB35FBBF" box="[1013,1227,1110,1136]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Pseudopterogorgia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be very subtle (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FF5EFB83FE52FB5B" author="Williams, G. C. &amp; Lindo, K. G." box="[159,428,1146,1172]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="499 - 521" refId="ref110799" refString="Williams, G. C. &amp; Lindo, K. G. (1997). A review of the octocorallian genus Leptogorgia (Anthozoa: Gorgoniidae) in the Indian Ocean and Subantarctic, with description of a new species and comparisons with related taxa. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 49, 499 - 521." type="journal article" year="1997">Williams &amp; Lindo 1997</bibRefCitation>
). It is not until the end of their Remarks section that the authors state their specimen is not the same as
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FEDEFB67FDF5FB77" box="[287,523,1182,1208]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5DFFE7FEDEFB67FE4EFB77" authorityName="Milne Edwards &amp; Haime" authorityYear="1857" box="[287,432,1182,1208]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Lophogorgia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Lophogorgia</taxonomicName>
l¸tkeni.
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FDD3FB67FD15FB77" author="Rao, D. V. &amp; Devi, K." box="[530,747,1182,1208]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref105853" refString="Rao, D. V. &amp; Devi, K. (2003) Studies on the soft corals (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) of Andaman Islands, Bay of Bengal. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional paper, 206, 1 - 99." type="journal article" year="2003">Rao &amp; Devi (2003)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5DFFE7FCE0FB67FBACFB77" author="Venkataraman, K. &amp; Jeyabaskaran, R. &amp; Raghuram, K. P. &amp; Alfred, J. R. B." box="[801,1106,1182,1208]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 468" refId="ref109845" refString="Venkataraman, K., Jeyabaskaran, R., Raghuram, K. P. &amp; Alfred, J. R. B. (2004) Bibliography and checklist of corals and coral reef associated organisms of India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India. Kolkatta, Occasional Paper, 226, 1 - 468." type="journal article" year="2004">
Venkataraman
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5DFFE7FC09FB66FC07FB77" box="[968,1017,1182,1208]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">et al</emphasis>
. (2004)
</bibRefCitation>
just listed the species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>