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<document id="8CB3F5E4EE5BEEA30758697383C5CA96" ID-CLB-Dataset="54753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639327" ID-ZooBank="796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1675871645016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip &amp; Ranjeet, Kutty" docDate="2023" docId="0388B6417B5AFFE1FF56F8FAFACCFCDA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5236.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5236 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Pseudopterogorgia australiensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="78" masterDocId="FFB1CE397B16FFACFFC1FFF9FFFEFFCF" masterDocTitle="The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="77" updateTime="1699474889499" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="46264281ECD690A1A4DB488DB7ED2268">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E099ACA20EC92737CF6EFE937D52B7EE">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="F4F69615341B0801F04AB3265D6799C7">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="840217F53DE5F7B8B4976AFB4ED7450B">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="73BB2BF41D313597DF751F3AC4687274">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F1CABDFAE36B99377161F1180088DFCC">5236</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0388B6417B5AFFE1FF56F8FAFACCFCDA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7640939" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209291054" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7640939" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B5AFFE1FF56F8FAFACCFCDA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B5AFFE1FF56F8FAFACCFCDA" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B5AFFE0FF56F8FAFD2EF8D1" box="[151,720,1795,1822]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5AFFE0FF56F8FAFD2EF8D1" blockId="76.[151,720,1795,1822]" box="[151,720,1795,1822]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<heading id="D0D6B03B7B5AFFE0FF56F8FAFD2EF8D1" bold="true" box="[151,720,1795,1822]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5AFFE0FF56F8FAFD2EF8D1" ID-CoL="4P96P" ID-ENA="238992" authority="(Ridley, 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Ridley" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[151,720,1795,1822]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Pseudopterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiensis">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5AFFE0FF56F8FAFD2EF8D1" bold="true" box="[151,720,1795,1822]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5AFFE0FF56F8FAFDE2F8D1" bold="true" box="[151,540,1795,1822]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Pseudopterogorgia australiensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5AFFE0FDEAF8FDFD36F8D1" author="Ridley, S. O." box="[555,712,1796,1822]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="327 - 365" refId="ref106082" refString="Ridley, S. O. (1884) Alcyonaria. In: Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Alert' 1881 - 2. British Museum, London, pp. 327 - 365, pls. 36 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1884">Ridley, 1884</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B5AFFE1FF56F8B0FBF6FF7E" lastPageId="77" lastPageNumber="78" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5AFFE0FF56F8B0FBEAF8AF" blockId="76.[151,1078,1864,1981]" box="[151,1044,1864,1891]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B5AFFE0FF56F8B0FBEAF8AF" box="[151,1044,1864,1891]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B5AFFE0FF56F8B0FD72F8AE" author="Ridley, S. O." box="[151,652,1864,1889]" page="344" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" year="1884">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5AFFE0FF56F8B0FD72F8AE" ID-CoL="866LT" authority="Ridley, 1884: 342 - 344" authorityName="Ridley" authorityPageNumber="342 - 344" authorityYear="1884" box="[151,652,1864,1889]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiensis">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5AFFE0FF56F8B0FE62F8AF" box="[151,412,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Leptogorgia australiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5AFFE0FE63F8B1FD72F8AE" author="Ridley, S. O." box="[418,652,1864,1889]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="327 - 365" refId="ref106082" refString="Ridley, S. O. (1884) Alcyonaria. In: Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Alert' 1881 - 2. British Museum, London, pp. 327 - 365, pls. 36 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1884">Ridley, 1884: 342–344</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 36, fig. C, C′, c, c′ (Torres Straits).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5AFFE0FF56F891FD3AF8B0" blockId="76.[151,1078,1864,1981]" box="[151,708,1895,1919]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B5AFFE0FF56F891FD3AF8B0" box="[151,708,1895,1919]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5AFFE0FF56F891FE7FF8B0" authority="Ridley 1888: 238" box="[151,385,1895,1919]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Gorgonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiensis">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5AFFE0FF56F891FE7FF8B0" box="[151,385,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Gorgonia australiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(new comb.)
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B5AFFE0FDCCF89EFD3EF8B0" author="Ridley, S. O." box="[525,704,1895,1919]" page="238" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" year="1888">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5AFFE0FDCCF89EFD3EF8B0" author="Ridley, S. O." box="[525,704,1895,1919]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="223 - 247" refId="ref106138" refString="Ridley, S. O. (1888) Report on the alcyoniid and gorgoniid Alcyonaria of the Mergui Archipelago, collected for the Indian Museum. The Journal of the Linnean Society, London, 21, 223 - 247. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938209459020" type="journal article" year="1888">Ridley 1888: 238</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5AFFE0FF56F87FFC3AF851" blockId="76.[151,1078,1864,1981]" box="[151,964,1926,1950]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B5AFFE0FF56F87FFC3AF851" box="[151,964,1926,1950]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B5AFFE0FF56F87FFC3EF851" author="Grasshoff, M. &amp; Alderslade, P." box="[151,960,1926,1950]" page="33" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" year="1997">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5AFFE0FF56F87FFC3EF851" authority="Grasshoff &amp; Alderslade 1997: 33" authorityName="Grasshoff &amp; Alderslade" authorityPageNumber="33" authorityYear="1997" box="[151,960,1926,1950]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Pseudopterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="australiensis" variety="perflava">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5AFFE0FF56F87FFE1FF851" box="[151,481,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Pseudopterogorgia australiensis</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5AFFE0FDD2F87FFD99F851" box="[531,615,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">perflava</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5AFFE0FDACF87FFC3EF851" author="Grasshoff, M. &amp; Alderslade, P." box="[621,960,1926,1950]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="23 - 35" refId="ref101503" refString="Grasshoff, M. &amp; Alderslade, P. (1997) Gorgoniidae of Indo-Pacific reefs with description of two new genera (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senchenbergiana biologica, 77 (1), 23 - 35." type="journal article" year="1997">Grasshoff &amp; Alderslade 1997: 33</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5AFFE0FF56F85DFBC8F872" blockId="76.[151,1078,1864,1981]" box="[151,1078,1956,1981]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B5AFFE0FF56F85DFBC8F872" box="[151,1078,1956,1981]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B5AFFE0FF56F85DFCE9F872" author="Williams, G. C. &amp; Vennam, J. S." box="[151,791,1956,1981]" page="81" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" year="2001">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5AFFE0FF56F85DFCE9F872" ID-CoL="4P96P" authority="Williams &amp; Vennam 2001: 81" authorityName="Williams &amp; Vennam" authorityPageNumber="81" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,791,1956,1981]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Pseudopterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiensis">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5AFFE0FF56F85DFE1FF873" box="[151,481,1956,1980]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Pseudopterogorgia australiensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5AFFE0FE26F85DFCE9F872" author="Williams, G. C. &amp; Vennam, J. S." box="[487,791,1956,1981]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="71 - 95" refId="ref110861" refString="Williams, G. C. &amp; Vennam, J. S. (2001) A revision of the Indo-West Pacific taxa of the gorgonian genus Pseudopterogorgia (Octocorallia: Gorgoniidae), with the description of a new species from western India. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 10, 71 - 95." type="journal article" year="2001">Williams &amp; Vennam 2001: 81</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 7A, B, D; 8, 9, 10, 13.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5BFFE1FF56FF6EFBF6FF7E" blockId="77.[151,1032,151,177]" box="[151,1032,151,177]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Opinion: There is not enough evidence to say this species occurs in the region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B5BFFE1FF56FF26FACCFCDA" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5BFFE1FF56FF26FED7FF36" blockId="77.[151,1437,223,357]" box="[151,297,223,249]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Justification:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5BFFE1FF06FEFAFCCFFEAA" blockId="77.[151,1437,223,357]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5BFFE1FF06FEFAFC57FED2" box="[199,937,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FC78FEFAFABDFED2" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M." box="[953,1347,259,285]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="96 - 112" refId="ref107948" refString="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M. (1986) A systematic appraisal of the commercially important gorgonids of the Indian seas. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 28 (1 &amp; 2), 96 - 112." type="journal article" year="1986">Thomas &amp; George 1986: 106–107</bibRefCitation>
, fig. in, 1–3 (SW &amp; SE coast);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FE5AFEDEFD3CFE8E" author="Mary, A. G. &amp; Lazarus, S." box="[411,706,295,321]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="32 - 43" refId="ref104234" refString="Mary, A. G. &amp; Lazarus, S. (2004) Gorgonids off the southwest Coast of India. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 46, 32 - 43." type="journal article" year="2004">Mary &amp; Lazarus 2004: 38</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 16&amp;17;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FC98FEDEFBA4FE8E" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[857,1114,295,321]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando 2011: 81–82</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 54, fig. 2–2e (SE coast);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FF56FEB2FE0CFEAA" author="Fernando, S. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C." box="[151,498,331,357]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
Fernando
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5BFFE1FEC9FEB2FEC7FEAA" box="[264,313,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">et al</emphasis>
. 2017: 176–177
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 80, fig. 1–1e (SE coast).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B5BFFE1FF06FE6AFACCFCDA" blockId="77.[151,1437,403,789]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5BFFE1FF06FE6AFE62FE62" box="[199,412,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Literature analysis</emphasis>
: This species was erected for material collected from the Torres Straits between
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B5BFFE1FAF7FE6AFA63FE62" box="[1334,1437,403,429]" name="Australia" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Australia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B5BFFE1FF08FE4EFE59FE1E" box="[201,423,439,465]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
and originally named
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5BFFE1FD6FFE4EFC29FE1E" box="[686,983,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5BFFE1FD6FFE4EFC2AFE1E" authorityName="Ridley" authorityYear="1884" box="[686,980,439,465]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiensis">Leptogorgia australiensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FC21FE4EFB1BFE1E" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[992,1253,439,465]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 946" refId="ref103239" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1919) Gorgonaria. Wissensschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee - Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valdivia &quot;, 1898 - 1899, 13, 1 - 946." type="journal article" year="1919">Kükenthal (1919: 220)</bibRefCitation>
placed it in the new genus
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5BFFE1FED4FE22FE23FE3B" box="[277,477,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Pseuopterogorgia</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FE2AFE22FC4BFE3A" author="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D." box="[491,949,474,501]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="269 - 238" refId="ref108487" refString="Thomson, J. A. &amp; Henderson, W. D. (1905) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Eds.), Report of the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar. Part 3. Supplementary report. The Royal Society, London, pp. 269 - 238." type="book chapter" year="1905">Thomson &amp; Henderson (1905: 308–309)</bibRefCitation>
reported that 2 varieties occur in
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B5BFFE1FAEFFE22FA62FE3A" box="[1326,1436,475,501]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
but the descriptions are unrecognisable. The descriptions given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FC46FE06FB54FDD6" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M." box="[903,1194,511,537]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="96 - 112" refId="ref107948" refString="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M. (1986) A systematic appraisal of the commercially important gorgonids of the Indian seas. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 28 (1 &amp; 2), 96 - 112." type="journal article" year="1986">Thomas &amp; George (1986)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FB23FE06FF1AFDF2" author="Mary, A. G. &amp; Lazarus, S." pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="32 - 43" refId="ref104234" refString="Mary, A. G. &amp; Lazarus, S. (2004) Gorgonids off the southwest Coast of India. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India, 46, 32 - 43." type="journal article" year="2004">Mary &amp; Lazarus (2004)</bibRefCitation>
, under the original name, are not recognisable and the figured oval-shaped sclerites do not look like those from
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5BFFE1FF17FDBEFE4AFDAE" box="[214,436,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5BFFE1FF17FDBEFE4EFDAE" baseAuthorityName="Williams &amp; Lindo" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[214,432,583,609]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Pseudopterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Pseudopterogorgia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Also, in the latter paper the pinnate branches of the figured colony re-branched further, which is quite unlike
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5BFFE1FE4BFD92FDC8FD4A" authorityName="Ridley" authorityYear="1884" box="[394,566,619,645]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Leptogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiensis">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5BFFE1FE4BFD92FDC8FD4A" box="[394,566,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">P. australiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The descriptions of the Indian material by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FBE5FD92FB21FD4A" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[1060,1247,619,645]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando (2011)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FAD6FD92FEF9FD66" author="Fernando, S. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C." pageId="77" pageNumber="78" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
Fernando
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5BFFE1FA49FD92FF53FD66" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">et al</emphasis>
. (2017)
</bibRefCitation>
are identical, but without more detailed descriptions and larger images of the sclerites it is not possible to recognise what species they have. The authors, however, admitted the colony shape was quite different and the sclerites larger than those of this species.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FDB2FD2EFC67FD3E" author="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M." box="[627,921,727,753]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref107997" refString="Thomas, P. A. &amp; George, R. M. (1987) Gorgonid resources of India. Marine Fisheries Information Services, 74, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1987">Thomas &amp; George (1987)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B5BFFE1FC13FD2EFB0DFD3E" author="Varghese, M. &amp; George, R. M. &amp; Kasinathan, C." box="[978,1267,726,753]" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" pagination="14 - 17" refId="ref109624" refString="Varghese, M., George, R. M. &amp; Kasinathan, C. (2007) Recent gorgonid resources of Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay, India. Marine Fisheries Information Service Technical &amp; Extension Series, 194, 14 - 17." type="journal article" year="2007">
Varghese
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5BFFE1FB80FD2EFB85FD3E" box="[1089,1147,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">et al.</emphasis>
(2007: 15
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 7) list the taxon under the old original name and the latter provides a colony image that is not a
<emphasis id="B955DB457B5BFFE1FB95FD02FACCFCDA" box="[1108,1330,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="77" pageNumber="78">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B5BFFE1FB95FD02FAD0FCDA" baseAuthorityName="Williams &amp; Lindo" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[1108,1326,763,789]" class="Anthozoa" family="Gorgoniidae" genus="Pseudopterogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="77" pageNumber="78" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Pseudopterogorgia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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