131 lines
15 KiB
XML
131 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="99F9777AA5C9D921A29C8C7CB30C31F8" ID-CLB-Dataset="54753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639327" ID-ZooBank="796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1675871645016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip & Ranjeet, Kutty" docDate="2023" docId="0388B6417B56FFECFF56FBA4FAA0F9AA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5236.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5236 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Paracis indica" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="FFB1CE397B16FFACFFC1FFF9FFFEFFCF" masterDocTitle="The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1699474889499" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A618FB63F31B9D64C97095587781277D">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FDD2208F92F7092E82E0109E394943E1">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="3C9458346D2B4AD318815FFD12456AAC" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="D21D4FC7CF9B9AB894668953EB15500D">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6FBEA6708F38728D07CB584346708352" type="email">phil.alderslade@csiro.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="FAC94F3ACBB5F7F55623F07D55C9F242">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F566C8F26B324635209427BE7EF8EE80" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="C5DB3352BBE298AF46BB1763F1D71DEB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="47BE0124032274D5F444AF7BD894FEAB">
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<mods:date id="EDE4A37CDFE74BED2426DC12D0DC252B">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ACCAE8EE0CA1F3F2706559EF81ABF8ED">2023-02-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0BB14CE6BA65D66B376F7F75681722C0">5236</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0388B6417B56FFECFF56FBA4FAA0F9AA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7640925" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209291235" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7640925" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B56FFECFF56FBA4FAA0F9AA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B56FFECFF56FBA4FAA0F9AA" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B56FFECFF56FBA4FD30FBB8" box="[151,718,1117,1144]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B56FFECFF56FBA4FD30FBB8" blockId="64.[151,718,1117,1144]" box="[151,718,1117,1144]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<heading id="D0D6B03B7B56FFECFF56FBA4FD30FBB8" bold="true" box="[151,718,1117,1144]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B56FFECFF56FBA4FD30FBB8" ID-CoL="4CQ3H" authority="(Thomson & Henderson, 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Thomson & Henderson" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[151,718,1117,1144]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Paracis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indica">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B56FFECFF56FBA4FD30FBB8" bold="true" box="[151,718,1117,1144]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B56FFECFF56FBA4FEBBFBB7" bold="true" box="[151,325,1117,1144]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Paracis indica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B56FFECFE95FBA4FD38FBB8" author="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D." box="[340,710,1117,1143]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="269 - 238" refId="ref108487" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D. (1905) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Eds.), Report of the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar. Part 3. Supplementary report. The Royal Society, London, pp. 269 - 238." type="book chapter" year="1905">Thomson & Henderson, 1905</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B56FFECFF56FB5BFD59FB32" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B56FFECFF56FB5BFBEDFB75" blockId="64.[151,1043,1186,1277]" box="[151,1043,1186,1210]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B56FFECFF56FB5BFBEDFB75" box="[151,1043,1186,1210]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B56FFECFF56FB5BFD5AFB75" author="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D." box="[151,676,1186,1210]" page="298" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1905">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B56FFECFF56FB5BFD5AFB75" authority="Thomson & Henderson, 1905: 297 - 298" authorityName="Thomson & Henderson" authorityPageNumber="297 - 298" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,676,1186,1210]" class="Arachnida" family="Atemnidae" genus="Acis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B56FFECFF56FB5BFEF6FB75" box="[151,264,1186,1210]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Acis indica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B56FFECFECFFB5BFD5AFB75" author="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D." box="[270,676,1186,1210]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="269 - 238" refId="ref108487" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D. (1905) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Eds.), Report of the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar. Part 3. Supplementary report. The Royal Society, London, pp. 269 - 238." type="book chapter" year="1905">Thomson & Henderson, 1905: 297–298</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 2, fig. 3; pl. 5, fig. 7 (off Galle).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B56FFECFF56FB38FDF6FB17" blockId="64.[151,1043,1186,1277]" box="[151,520,1216,1241]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B56FFECFF56FB38FDF6FB17" box="[151,520,1216,1241]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B56FFECFF56FB38FDF6FB17" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[151,520,1216,1241]" page="160" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1924">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B56FFECFF56FB38FDF6FB17" ID-CoL="4CQ3H" authority="Kukenthal 1924: 160" authorityName="Kukenthal" authorityYear="1924" box="[151,520,1216,1241]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Paracis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="indica">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B56FFECFF56FB38FED5FB17" box="[151,299,1216,1240]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Paracis indica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B56FFECFEF3FB39FDF6FB17" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[306,520,1216,1241]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref103272" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1924) Gorgonaria. Das Tierreich. Vol. 47. Walter de Gruyter and Co., Berlin und Leipzig, xxviii + 478 pp." type="book" year="1924">Kükenthal 1924: 160</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B56FFECFF56FB1AFD59FB32" blockId="64.[151,1043,1186,1277]" box="[151,679,1251,1277]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Opinion: This species does occur in the region.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B56FFECFF56FAD2FAA0F9AA" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B56FFECFF56FAD2FED7FA8A" blockId="64.[151,1168,1323,1385]" box="[151,297,1323,1349]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Justification:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B56FFECFF06FAB6FB6EFAA6" blockId="64.[151,1168,1323,1385]" box="[199,1168,1359,1385]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B56FFECFF06FAB6FDB7FAA6" box="[199,585,1359,1385]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">These Indian records may be valid</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B56FFECFD96FAB6FC09FAA6" author="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J." box="[599,1015,1359,1385]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref108792" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J. (1909) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. The Alcyonarians of the Littoral Area. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 319 + xviii pp." type="book" year="1909">Thomson & Simpson 1909: 233–234</bibRefCitation>
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(Andamans).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B56FFECFF06FA6EFAA0F9AA" blockId="64.[151,1437,1431,1637]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B56FFECFF06FA6EFE61FA7E" box="[199,415,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Literature analysis</emphasis>
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: Originally collected off
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<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B56FFECFD0DFA6EFCBFFA7E" box="[716,833,1431,1457]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
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, this species was placed in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B56FFECFAC7FA6EFAC8FA7E" box="[1286,1334,1431,1457]" class="Arachnida" family="Atemnidae" genus="Acis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B56FFECFAC7FA6EFAC8FA7E" box="[1286,1334,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Acis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but was transferred to
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B56FFECFEFDFA42FE6DFA1B" box="[316,403,1467,1492]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Paracis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B56FFECFEFDFA42FE6DFA1B" box="[316,403,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Paracis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B56FFECFE05FA42FD6FFA1A" author="Kukenthal, W." box="[452,657,1467,1493]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref103272" refString="Kukenthal, W. (1924) Gorgonaria. Das Tierreich. Vol. 47. Walter de Gruyter and Co., Berlin und Leipzig, xxviii + 478 pp." type="book" year="1924">Kükenthal (1924)</bibRefCitation>
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. A few sclerites were illustrated by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B56FFECFBF8FA42FA62FA1A" author="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D." box="[1081,1436,1466,1493]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="269 - 238" refId="ref108487" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D. (1905) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by Professor Herdman, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: Herdman, W. A. (Eds.), Report of the Government of Ceylon on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar. Part 3. Supplementary report. The Royal Society, London, pp. 269 - 238." type="book chapter" year="1905">Thomson & Henderson (1905)</bibRefCitation>
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but not enough to make the species recognisable. The species was subsequently reported by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B56FFECFB6AFA26FF1CF9D2" author="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J." pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref108792" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J. (1909) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. The Alcyonarians of the Littoral Area. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 319 + xviii pp." type="book" year="1909">Thomson & Simpson (1909)</bibRefCitation>
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from the Andaman Sea with just a brief description of the colony. As Thomson was one of the authors of both reports it is assumed the second probably refers to the same species. Unfortunately, no adequate description exists for this taxon and it remains unrecognisable.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B56FFECFD50F9B2FC94F9AA" author="Rao, D. V. & Devi, K." box="[657,874,1611,1637]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref105853" refString="Rao, D. V. & Devi, K. (2003) Studies on the soft corals (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) of Andaman Islands, Bay of Bengal. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional paper, 206, 1 - 99." type="journal article" year="2003">Rao & Devi (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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list the species still under the original name.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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