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<document id="AEA9089F39014D3A37B1BD125BF4DC42" ID-CLB-Dataset="54753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639327" ID-ZooBank="796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1675871645016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip &amp; Ranjeet, Kutty" docDate="2023" docId="0388B6417B4BFFF2FF56F893FC64FDF2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5236.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5236 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Nicella carinata Nutting 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="95" masterDocId="FFB1CE397B16FFACFFC1FFF9FFFEFFCF" masterDocTitle="The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="94" updateTime="1699474889499" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="F6BE81533AB4EC6258CFC9703896268C">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6C4A19B452589CF0683ADDDB4E315CA6">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B6171151DBE87E89C050558502EBB13F">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="0388B6417B4BFFF2FF56F893FC64FDF2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7639722" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209290905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639722" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B4BFFF2FF56F893FC64FDF2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B4BFFF2FF56F893FC64FDF2" lastPageId="94" lastPageNumber="95" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B4BFFF1FF56F893FDF5F84B" box="[151,523,1898,1925]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B4BFFF1FF56F893FDF5F84B" blockId="93.[151,523,1898,1925]" box="[151,523,1898,1925]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<heading id="D0D6B03B7B4BFFF1FF56F893FDF5F84B" bold="true" box="[151,523,1898,1925]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B4BFFF1FF56F893FDF5F84B" ID-CoL="47CDY" ID-ENA="1458160" authority="Nutting, 1910" authorityName="Nutting" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,523,1898,1925]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Nicella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carinata">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B4BFFF1FF56F893FDF5F84B" bold="true" box="[151,523,1898,1925]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B4BFFF1FF56F893FEA4F84A" bold="true" box="[151,346,1898,1925]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Nicella carinata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B4BFFF1FEA0F893FDF5F84B" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[353,523,1898,1924]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref104950" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1910) The Gorgonacea of the Siboga Expedition III. The Muriceidae. Siboga-Expeditie Monograph, 13 b, 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1910">Nutting, 1910</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B4BFFF1FF56F856FC2DF808" blockId="93.[151,979,1967,2027]" box="[151,979,1967,1991]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B4BFFF1FF56F856FC2DF808" box="[151,979,1967,1991]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B4BFFF1FF56F856FDD5F808" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[151,555,1967,1991]" page="30" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" year="1910">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B4BFFF1FF56F856FDD5F808" ID-CoL="47CDY" authority="Nutting, 1910 d: 29 - 30" authorityName="Nutting" authorityPageNumber="29 - 30" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,555,1967,1991]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Nicella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="carinata">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B4BFFF1FF56F856FEC3F808" box="[151,317,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Nicella carinata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B4BFFF1FE82F856FDD5F808" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[323,555,1967,1991]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref105077" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1910 d) The Gorgonacea of the Siboga Expedition VII. The Gorgonellidae. Siboga- Expeditie Monographs, 13 b 3, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1910">Nutting, 1910d: 2930</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 9, fig. 11a; pl. 11, fig. 2 (
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B4BFFF1FC9EF856FC39F808" box="[863,967,1967,1991]" name="Indonesia" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B4BFFF1FF56F82AFC2CF824" blockId="93.[151,979,1967,2027]" box="[151,978,2003,2027]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B4BFFF1FF56F82AFC2CF824" box="[151,978,2003,2027]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B4BFFF1FF56F82AFDDCF824" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[151,546,2003,2027]" page="27" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" year="1910">
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B4BFFF1FF56F82AFDDCF824" ID-CoL="47CDZ" authority="Nutting, 1910 d: 27" authorityName="Nutting" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,546,2003,2027]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Nicella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="coralloides">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B4BFFF1FF56F82AFEA7F824" box="[151,345,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Nicella coralloides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B4BFFF1FE9EF82AFDDCF824" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[351,546,2003,2027]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref105077" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1910 d) The Gorgonacea of the Siboga Expedition VII. The Gorgonellidae. Siboga- Expeditie Monographs, 13 b 3, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1910">Nutting, 1910d: 27</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 9, figs. 22a, pl. 11, fig. 1 (
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B4BFFF1FC9FF82AFC38F824" box="[862,966,2003,2027]" name="Indonesia" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Moluccas</collectingCountry>
).
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B48FFF2FF56FF6EFC70FF7E" blockId="94.[151,910,151,177]" box="[151,910,151,177]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Opinion: There is no evidence that this species occurs in the region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B48FFF2FF56FF26FC64FDF2" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B48FFF2FF56FF26FED7FF36" blockId="94.[151,1436,223,321]" box="[151,297,223,249]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Justification:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B48FFF2FF06FEFAFCA5FE8E" blockId="94.[151,1436,223,321]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B48FFF2FF06FEFAFC6EFED2" box="[199,912,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B48FFF2FC5FFEFAFB46FED2" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[926,1208,259,285]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando 2011: 123124</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 84, fig 11d (SE coast);
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B48FFF2FF28FEDEFDF2FE8E" author="Fernando, S. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C." box="[233,524,295,321]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
Fernando
<emphasis id="B955DB457B48FFF2FE9BFEDEFE75FE8E" box="[346,395,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">et al</emphasis>
. 2017: 284
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 133, fig. 11d (SE coast).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B48FFF2FF06FE96FC64FDF2" blockId="94.[151,1437,367,573]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B48FFF2FF06FE96FE60FE46" box="[199,414,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Literature analysis</emphasis>
: The identity of the Indian material assigned to this species is uncertain. The reports by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B48FFF2FF56FE6AFEAFFE62" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[151,337,403,429]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando (2011)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B48FFF2FE47FE6AFD81FE62" author="Fernando, S. &amp; Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C." box="[390,639,403,429]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. &amp; Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
Fernando
<emphasis id="B955DB457B48FFF2FE36FE6AFDD9FE62" box="[503,551,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">et al</emphasis>
. (2017)
</bibRefCitation>
are virtually identical but do not figure the large, elongate, flat sclerites characteristic for the genus and clearly illustrated by Nutting. Also, the
<typeStatus id="549AB9F57B48FFF2FC75FE4EFBE8FE1E" box="[948,1046,439,465]" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
is mostly dichotomously branched while the Indian material is irregularly pinnate. Although the colony form could suggest an alternative diagnosis for the Indian specimen would be
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B48FFF2FDDAFE06FD6EFDD6" box="[539,656,511,537]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Verrucella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B48FFF2FDDAFE06FD6EFDD6" box="[539,656,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Verrucella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the sclerites include double stars and clubs with a distinct waist and well-defined head that actually come close to those seen in
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B48FFF2FCF0FDDAFC6DFDF2" box="[817,915,547,573]" class="Anthozoa" family="Ellisellidae" genus="Heliania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="94" pageNumber="95" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B955DB457B48FFF2FCF0FDDAFC6DFDF2" box="[817,915,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="94" pageNumber="95">Heliania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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