216 lines
26 KiB
XML
216 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="A88A8DADA304650038A0F04F269EB303" ID-CLB-Dataset="54753" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639327" ID-ZooBank="796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1675871645016" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip & Ranjeet, Kutty" docDate="2023" docId="0388B6417B34FF8EFF56FE07FA87F9E8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5236.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5236 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Keroeides koreni Wright & Studer 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="FFB1CE397B16FFACFFC1FFF9FFFEFFCF" masterDocTitle="The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1699474889499" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="6696317FFD1FBFD57F997F9D1E926D38" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="207C4015FB89797FECC9BB860D5209A6">
|
||
<mods:title id="9F57845B43BB306429FE30B1E3E105C8">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="89F9CFA97BEF23D55DF99A2B1AE0C4E6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="8058F921E08E4AB76569A49CDEBA10E1">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="A1C87944CECA3DDF4927A12A3E9DE23D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="3188DC09F8B069111B666E0DC5B0E6FD">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3B6575196F4DA8C337A7E005A237E70D" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5028-9058</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D074DAFFEFB4561CBBA4653582A07455" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B21EAF79E7F4C5C7F18D6F129C994BB7" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="0810242D795769994E2F6E71E6B96B77">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="0BC27C6D5576181F97FDD1D469542AF2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="6AA085DEB3F3788CC608838FAF878E91">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7E0BA31DC6F734AE2856DA63CD90AA54" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5801-4681</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5ECB8CB704B35DD0752DCC9E26042476" type="email">phil.alderslade@csiro.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="47985E19548564BA69467AEB1379D103" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="B0CFDD42AE90202DC2F8D556E0A9EE4D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="0D942D6804D1A09882C4323B0537C1AD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="18D545CB5D0FFAD985EB2C15718932FD">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2F049773DB30C748C1E60070D06A8CA5" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5028-9058</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="477345931BC3CD6DA1DFF7700968B546" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="BEB135C2A6E0380649A310AAFB200F3C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="494806587394B854CB904F5158E0A998" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="14BDAA8C6C9132CEB17984DCD3619549">
|
||
<mods:title id="52C10530A6CAEAA9929666B83880008D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="28D75C1C8333A4DAD2EC10AE022B31E7">
|
||
<mods:date id="4500E7B444DAE68812BDD2FFE0F59B2B">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="26161309BD02460946FA50712B01046A" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="7CED3A898EFAC0DAEDC27DBDBC373DCA">2023-02-07</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="E975D84535DE2C455463092BC0F6DE85" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="BD5E16336678218C6E730E3A18B656B8">5236</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="5BFAAFFD9FE539D74FE2BEB37A4300A2" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="4572E73FBDD20940F636D7764792ED8B">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="D9770E4B274C0BAFAF3E4CE50B55E171" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="6407D6C6C597A17015F197C5EECB502B">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="14F722C446804CA4504B70E6126E35AC">124</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="195390394E0B9C07F35796FF9886528C">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2BC957CF238E92A3B4C36F7D5CBEAD0B" type="CLB-Dataset">54753</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="97A9618F1688E76ADB9AF043C8433623" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="D838A2DC4FC72AD434104585EE061972" type="GBIF-Dataset">64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B45AF2BC03AEBBF7247E14511F298E03" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F4D9826402B079B663ED0F6873BDF549" type="Zenodo-Dep">7639327</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="99BD1181754F47FCBCD4D1735848B4BD" type="ZooBank">796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="0388B6417B34FF8EFF56FE07FA87F9E8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7640879" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209291283" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7640879" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B34FF8EFF56FE07FA87F9E8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B34FF8EFF56FE07FA87F9E8" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B34FF8EFF56FE07FD76FDD7" box="[151,648,510,537]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B34FF8EFF56FE07FD76FDD7" blockId="34.[151,648,510,537]" box="[151,648,510,537]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<heading id="D0D6B03B7B34FF8EFF56FE07FD76FDD7" bold="true" box="[151,648,510,537]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B34FF8EFF56FE07FD76FDD7" ID-CoL="3R6DV" authority="Wright & Studer, 1889" authorityName="Wright & Studer" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,648,510,537]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keroeididae" genus="Keroeides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="koreni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFF56FE07FD76FDD7" bold="true" box="[151,648,510,537]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFF56FE07FE9DFDD6" bold="true" box="[151,355,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Keroeides koreni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFEABFE07FD76FDD7" author="Wright E. & Studer, T." box="[362,648,510,536]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref110920" refString="Wright E. & Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report of the Scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 31 (4), I - IXXII, 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright & Studer, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B34FF8EFF56FDBAFBB8FD94" box="[151,1094,579,603]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B34FF8EFF56FDBAFBB8FD94" blockId="34.[151,1094,579,603]" box="[151,1094,579,603]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B34FF8EFF56FDBAFBB8FD94" box="[151,1094,579,603]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B34FF8EFF56FDBAFD67FD94" author="Wright E. & Studer, T." box="[151,665,579,603]" page="170" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" year="1889">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B34FF8EFF56FDBAFD67FD94" ID-CoL="3R6DV" authority="Wright & Studer, 1889: 169 - 170" authorityName="Wright & Studer" authorityPageNumber="169 - 170" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,665,579,603]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keroeididae" genus="Keroeides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="koreni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFF56FDBAFEBDFD94" box="[151,323,579,603]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Keroeides koreni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFE88FDBAFD67FD94" author="Wright E. & Studer, T." box="[329,665,579,603]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref110920" refString="Wright E. & Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report of the Scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 31 (4), I - IXXII, 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright & Studer, 1889: 169–170</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 11, fig. 3 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B34FF8EFCECFDBAFC5CFD94" box="[813,930,579,603]" class="Demospongiae" family="Stylocordylidae" genus="Hyalonema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFCECFDBAFC5CFD94" box="[813,930,579,603]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Hyalonema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ground,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B34FF8EFC3DFDBAFBC4FD94" box="[1020,1082,579,603]" name="Japan" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B34FF8EFF56FD70FCC1FC98" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B34FF8EFF56FD70FC0EFD6C" blockId="34.[151,1008,649,676]" box="[151,1008,649,676]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Opinion: There is not enough evidence that this species occurs in the region.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B34FF8EFF56FD28FED7FD24" blockId="34.[151,1437,721,856]" box="[151,297,721,747]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Justification:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B34FF8EFF06FD0CFCC1FC98" blockId="34.[151,1437,721,856]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFF06FD0CFC5FFCC0" box="[199,929,757,783]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFC71FD0CFAD6FCC0" author="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D." box="[944,1320,757,783]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref108566" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D. (1906) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. 1. The Alcyonarians of the Deep Sea. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 132 + xvi pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8279" type="book" year="1906">Thomson & Henderson 1906: 22</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 1, fig. 6&7 (Andamans);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFEA6FCE0FCFCFCFC" author="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J." box="[359,770,793,819]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref108792" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J. (1909) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. The Alcyonarians of the Littoral Area. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 319 + xviii pp." type="book" year="1909">Thomson & Simpson 1909: 167–168</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B34FF8EFCD1FCE0FC4FFCFC" box="[784,945,793,819]" name="India" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Lakshadweep</collectingCountry>
|
||
);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFC02FCE0FB41FCFC" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[963,1215,793,819]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando 2011: 26–27</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 7, fig. 2–2d (SE coast);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFF28FCC4FE00FC98" author="Fernando, S. & Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C." box="[233,510,829,856]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
|
||
Fernando
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFE9BFCC7FE75FC98" box="[346,395,829,855]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2017: 44
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, pl. 16, fig. 2–2d (SE coast).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B34FF8EFF06FC7FFA87F9E8" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B34FF8EFF06FC7FFCD0FB70" blockId="34.[151,1437,901,1576]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFF06FC7FFE64FC50" box="[199,410,901,927]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Literature analysis</emphasis>
|
||
: As the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549AB9F57B34FF8EFE37FC7CFDA6FC50" box="[502,600,901,927]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has never been redescribed, distributional records must all be based on the original description of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFE55FC50FD5EFC0C" author="Wright E. & Studer, T." box="[404,672,937,963]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 314" refId="ref110920" refString="Wright E. & Studer, T. (1889) Report on the Alcyonaria collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report of the Scientific results of the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during 1873 - 1876, Zoology, 31 (4), I - IXXII, 1 - 314." type="journal article" year="1889">Wright & Studer (1889)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, which, unfortunately, lacked a lot of detail. Originally found in over
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFF56FC34FF21FC27" box="[151,223,973,1000]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
|
||
of water off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B34FF8EFEB2FC37FE48FC27" box="[371,438,974,1000]" name="Japan" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it is unlikely that any of the shallow records from the region, such as those of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFAF3FC34FE92FBC4" author="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J." pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref108792" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J. (1909) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. The Alcyonarians of the Littoral Area. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 319 + xviii pp." type="book" year="1909">Thomson & Simpson (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, could be correct.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFDFFFC08FC67FBC4" author="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D." box="[574,921,1009,1035]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref108566" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Henderson, W. D. (1906) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. 1. The Alcyonarians of the Deep Sea. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 132 + xvi pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8279" type="book" year="1906">Thomson & Henderson (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported the species from nearly
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFAD7FC08FAA0FBC3" box="[1302,1374,1009,1036]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
|
||
from the Andamans but gave no details about the sclerites. They did illustrate some relatively tall, conical calyces, but those of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549AB9F57B34FF8EFEE1FBC0FE7CFB9C" box="[288,386,1081,1107]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
were described as being “somewhat flattened” and “little elevated”. They were also described as being
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFF3CFBA4FEA2FBB7" box="[253,348,1117,1144]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, which is unusually large and could be a misprint for
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFBC2FBA4FB70FBB7" box="[1027,1166,1117,1144]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. The calyces in Bayer’s (1949) samples were
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFE49FB78FE37FB53" box="[392,457,1153,1180]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall x
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFDCEFB78FDB7FB54" box="[527,585,1153,1179]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.0">1mm</quantity>
|
||
across, and in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFD31FB7BFC7BFB53" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[752,901,1153,1180]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref98566" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1956) Descriptions and redescriptions of the Hawaiian octocorals collected by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer " Albatross " (2. Gorgonacea: Scleraxonia). Pacific Science, 10 (1), 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1956">Bayer (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
they were
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFBC0FB78FBBCFB53" box="[1025,1090,1153,1180]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
tall x
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFB48FB78FAE0FB53" box="[1161,1310,1153,1180]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.625" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.5">0.5–0.75 mm</quantity>
|
||
across, but there is no evidence that Bayer had examined the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549AB9F57B34FF8EFD04FB5CFCD5FB70" box="[709,811,1189,1215]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E07577B34FF8EFF06FB30FA87F9E8" blockId="34.[151,1437,901,1576]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The descriptions by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFE68FB30FD9DFB2C" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[425,611,1225,1251]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFD59FB30FC6FFB2C" author="Fernando, S. & Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C." box="[664,913,1225,1251]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
|
||
Fernando
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFCC9FB33FCBEFB2C" box="[776,832,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are identical and they recorded Indian samples from
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFF12FB14FEC3FAC8" box="[211,317,1261,1287]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="120.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="40.0">40–200m</quantity>
|
||
(which clearly includes shallow water).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFD36FB14FC51FAC8" author="Fernando, S. A." box="[759,943,1261,1287]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref100707" refString="Fernando, S. A. (2011) Monograph on Gorgonids (Sea fans) of India. Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai, 145 pp." type="book" year="2011">Fernando (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFC23FB14FB28FAC8" author="Fernando, S. & Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C." box="[994,1238,1261,1287]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref100744" refString="Fernando, S. A, Venkataraman, K. & Raghunathan, C. (2017) Gorgonians of Indian sea. Director, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 330 pp. Available from: https: // www. nhbs. com / (accessed 21 March 2022)" type="book" year="2017">
|
||
Fernando
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFB90FB17FB79FAC8" box="[1105,1159,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2017)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
mistakenly stated that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFF09FAE8FE76FAE4" author="Grasshoff, M." box="[200,392,1297,1323]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 121" refId="ref101429" refString="Grasshoff, M. (1999) The shallow water gorgonians of New Caledonia and adjacent islands (Coelenterata: Octocorallia). Senckenbergiana biologica, 78 (1 / 2), 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1999">Grasshoff (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B34FF8EFE38FAEBFD9FFAE4" authorityName="Wright & Studer" authorityYear="1889" box="[505,609,1297,1323]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keroeididae" genus="Keroeides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="koreni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFE38FAEBFD9FFAE4" box="[505,609,1297,1323]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. koreni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33647C77B34FF8EFD64FAEBFCABFAE4" box="[677,853,1297,1324]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, when in fact he only recorded
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B34FF8EFB76FAEBFAD0FAE4" authorityName="Grasshoff" authorityYear="1999" box="[1207,1326,1297,1323]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keroeididae" genus="Keroeides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFB76FAEBFAD0FAE4" box="[1207,1326,1297,1323]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from that region saying he considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B34FF8EFE14FACFFDC2FA80" authorityName="Wright & Studer" authorityYear="1889" box="[469,572,1333,1359]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keroeididae" genus="Keroeides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="koreni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFE14FACFFDC2FA80" box="[469,572,1333,1359]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">K. koreni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a separate deep-water species. These Indian authors’ descriptions recorded the coenenchyme as containing polygonal and elongate plates whereas they illustrated spindle-shaped sclerites: the latter, however, actually conform better to the original description of the species. Their material is also described as having axial sclerites
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFE4DFA58FE1CFA73" box="[396,482,1441,1468]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, which is twice the length of those in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549AB9F57B34FF8EFC32FA58FBA7FA74" box="[1011,1113,1441,1467]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The Indian authors reported the Y-shaped tentacle sclerite as being
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFD80FA3CFD39FA2F" box="[577,711,1477,1504]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.7">0.7–0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFCF8FA3FFC32FA2F" author="Bayer, F. M." box="[825,972,1477,1504]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref98566" refString="Bayer, F. M. (1956) Descriptions and redescriptions of the Hawaiian octocorals collected by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer " Albatross " (2. Gorgonacea: Scleraxonia). Pacific Science, 10 (1), 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1956">Bayer (1956)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded them as
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFB54FA3CFAD4FA2F" box="[1173,1322,1477,1504]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.085" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.07">0.07–0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, but in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549AB9F57B34FF8EFF56FA10FF07F9CC" box="[151,249,1513,1539]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
the sclerites of the tentacles were stated to be
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9AAB27B34FF8EFD3AFA10FC6EF9CB" box="[763,912,1513,1540]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="0.14" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="549AB9F57B34FF8EFBC6FA10FB97F9CC" box="[1031,1129,1513,1539]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
must be redescribed before any subsequent records can be validated.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B34FF8EFDA6F9F4FC66F9E8" author="Venkataraman, K. & Jeyabaskaran, R. & Raghuram, K. P. & Alfred, J. R. B." box="[615,920,1549,1576]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="1 - 468" refId="ref109845" refString="Venkataraman, K., Jeyabaskaran, R., Raghuram, K. P. & Alfred, J. R. B. (2004) Bibliography and checklist of corals and coral reef associated organisms of India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India. Kolkatta, Occasional Paper, 226, 1 - 468." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Venkataraman
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFCCFF9F7FCC1F9E8" box="[782,831,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
just lists the species (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B34FF8EFB6AF9F4FA96F9E8" authorityName="Wright & Studer" authorityYear="1889" box="[1195,1384,1549,1575]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keroeididae" genus="Keroeides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="koreni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955DB457B34FF8EFB6AF9F4FA96F9E8" box="[1195,1384,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Keroeides koreni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |