131 lines
16 KiB
XML
131 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="2B86F5111CCD955CEB04E80C4A30366D">The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6C71A0001F8375DF53C95FE6051C1B62">Ramvilas, Ghosh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7303F34DC07A48D67E0A11D0EA5276BE" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="117DB2A580FBF46CC3695DA2431E0686">Alderslade, Philip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="23C36D2526DB0977E864D05CB6C16676" type="email">phil.alderslade@csiro.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="0A292313C4C9257501154E67603A6E64">Ranjeet, Kutty</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D6EED888E1EA171516A67706654A0BCD" type="email">ramvilas@kufos.ac.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="AB2B85337B23BB60BD5DD0BFCD5F999E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7ECA57CB145E57AF604BAB35B72049E7">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9AFFE0006378419C7880F899B7D7A558">2023-02-07</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0388B6417B22FF98FF56FD7DFC30FB5E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7639483" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209291212" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7639483" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388B6417B22FF98FF56FD7DFC30FB5E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388B6417B22FF98FF56FD7DFC30FB5E" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B22FF98FF56FD7DFD99FD51" box="[151,615,644,671]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B22FF98FF56FD7DFD99FD51" blockId="52.[151,615,644,671]" box="[151,615,644,671]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<heading id="D0D6B03B7B22FF98FF56FD7DFD99FD51" bold="true" box="[151,615,644,671]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B22FF98FF56FD7DFD99FD51" ID-CoL="8LDYQ" authority="(Pallas, 1766)" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[151,615,644,671]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellum">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B22FF98FF56FD7DFD99FD51" bold="true" box="[151,615,644,671]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B22FF98FF56FD7DFE47FD50" bold="true" box="[151,441,644,671]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Echinogorgia flabellum</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B22FF98FE09FD7DFDA1FD51" author="Pallas, P. S." box="[456,607,644,670]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref105205" refString="Pallas, P. S. (1766) Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succinctas descriptiones cum selectis auctorum synonymis. Apud Franciscum Varrentrapp, Hagae Comitum, 451 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6595" type="book" year="1766">Pallas, 1766</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B22FF98FF56FD30FC70FCE6" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B22FF98FF56FD30FBE8FD2E" blockId="52.[151,1046,713,737]" box="[151,1046,713,737]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3120797B22FF98FF56FD30FBE8FD2E" box="[151,1046,713,737]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B22FF98FF56FD30FDAAFD2E" author="Pallas, P. S." box="[151,596,713,737]" page="212" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1766">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B22FF98FF56FD30FDAAFD2E" authority="Pallas, 1766: 211 - 212" authorityName="Pallas" authorityPageNumber="211 - 212" authorityYear="1766" box="[151,596,713,737]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellum">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B22FF98FF56FD30FE94FD2E" box="[151,362,713,737]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Antipathes flabellum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B22FF98FEB1FD30FDAAFD2E" author="Pallas, P. S." box="[368,596,713,737]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref105205" refString="Pallas, P. S. (1766) Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succinctas descriptiones cum selectis auctorum synonymis. Apud Franciscum Varrentrapp, Hagae Comitum, 451 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6595" type="book" year="1766">Pallas, 1766: 211–212</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8021467B22FF98FD9FFD30FCF8FD2E" author="Esper, E. J. G." box="[606,774,713,737]" page="139" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" year="1791">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B22FF98FD9FFD30FCF8FD2E" author="Esper, E. J. G." box="[606,774,713,737]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref100531" refString="Esper, E. J. G. (1791) Die Pflanzenthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit. Farben erleuchtetnebst Beschreibungen. Theil 2. Raspischen Buchhandlung, Nurnberg, 180 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 118730" type="book" year="1791">Esper 1791: 139</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B22FF98FCD0FD30FC83FD2E" ID-CoL="7NP9P" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[785,893,713,737]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B22FF98FCD0FD30FC83FD2E" box="[785,893,713,737]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Antipathes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<tableCitation id="C6A332EC7B22FF98FC42FD30FC3CFD2E" box="[899,962,713,737]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="10.[152,245,1510,1534]" captionTargetBox="[166,1267,1549,1971]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="TABLE 1. Quick reference guide to opinions on the records of occurrence of gorgonian species in Indian waters." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5E57DF7B1CFFA6FF59FA1FFAADFA32" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" tableUuid="DF5E57DF7B1CFFA6FF59FA1FFAADFA32">Tab. 1</tableCitation>
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(Atlas).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B22FF98FF56FCF6FC70FCE6" blockId="52.[151,910,783,810]" box="[151,910,783,810]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Opinion: There is no evidence that this species occurs in the region.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B54DC7B22FF98FF56FCAEFC30FB5E" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B22FF98FF56FCAEFED7FCBE" blockId="52.[151,1436,855,953]" box="[151,297,855,881]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Justification:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B22FF98FF06FC82FED7FC76" blockId="52.[151,1436,855,953]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B22FF98FF06FC82FC31FC5A" box="[199,975,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B22FF98FC25FC82FA62FC5A" author="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J." box="[996,1436,891,917]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref108792" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J. (1909) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. The Alcyonarians of the Littoral Area. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 319 + xviii pp." type="book" year="1909">Thomson & Simpson 1909: 212–213</bibRefCitation>
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(Andamans).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E07577B22FF98FF06FC11FC30FB5E" blockId="52.[151,1437,999,1170]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B22FF98FF06FC11FE64FBCE" box="[199,410,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Literature analysis</emphasis>
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: Authors accounts of this species, originally named
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B22FF98FC21FC1EFB31FBCE" box="[992,1231,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B22FF98FC21FC1EFB35FBCE" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1766" box="[992,1227,999,1025]" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Antipathes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Antipatharia" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flabellum">Antipathes flabellum</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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tend to attribute it to
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B22FF98FF72FBF5FEB8FBEA" author="Esper, E. J. G." box="[179,326,1035,1062]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref100531" refString="Esper, E. J. G. (1791) Die Pflanzenthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit. Farben erleuchtetnebst Beschreibungen. Theil 2. Raspischen Buchhandlung, Nurnberg, 180 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 118730" type="book" year="1791">Esper (1791)</bibRefCitation>
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, while the original author was
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B22FF98FD5BFBF2FCCFFBEA" author="Pallas, P. S." box="[666,817,1035,1061]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref105205" refString="Pallas, P. S. (1766) Elenchus zoophytorum sistens generum adumbrationes generaliores et specierum cognitarum succinctas descriptiones cum selectis auctorum synonymis. Apud Franciscum Varrentrapp, Hagae Comitum, 451 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 6595" type="book" year="1766">Pallas (1766)</bibRefCitation>
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. The species was transferred to
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<taxonomicName id="4C217CD47B22FF98FB51FBF2FAD7FBEA" box="[1168,1321,1035,1061]" class="Anthozoa" family="Plexauridae" genus="Echinogorgia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B955DB457B22FF98FB51FBF2FAD7FBEA" box="[1168,1321,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Echinogorgia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B22FF98FA93FBF2FEABFB86" author="Ridley, S. O." pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="327 - 365" refId="ref106082" refString="Ridley, S. O. (1884) Alcyonaria. In: Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H. M. S. ' Alert' 1881 - 2. British Museum, London, pp. 327 - 365, pls. 36 - 38." type="book chapter" year="1884">Ridley (1884: 337–339)</bibRefCitation>
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who gave a detailed description of his material, but the morphological details of this taxon are actually unknown. There cannot, therefore, be any proof that the un-illustrated description by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B22FF98FB6CFBAAFF1CFB5E" author="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J." pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refId="ref108792" refString="Thomson, J. A. & Simpson, J. J. (1909) An account of the alcyonarians collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator in the Indian Ocean. The Alcyonarians of the Littoral Area. The Indian Museum, Calcutta, 319 + xviii pp." type="book" year="1909">Thomson & Simpson (1909)</bibRefCitation>
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represents this species.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB07AA67B22FF98FE31FB81FD37FB5E" author="Rao, D. V. & Devi, K." box="[496,713,1143,1170]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref105853" refString="Rao, D. V. & Devi, K. (2003) Studies on the soft corals (Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) of Andaman Islands, Bay of Bengal. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional paper, 206, 1 - 99." type="journal article" year="2003">Rao & Devi (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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only listed the species.
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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