613 lines
73 KiB
XML
613 lines
73 KiB
XML
<document id="F72D7C2EEB03A9EEC1F9985021D4B128" ID-CLB-Dataset="5852" ID-DOI="10.1206/3867.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1d6299e9-5c62-4abd-be37-59efcb217cbf" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4598386" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615481346733" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Velazco, Paúl M. & Novacek, Michael J." docDate="2016" docId="0386879BFB079C7EFE50314A8B6AFD05" docLanguage="en" docName="AmMusNovit.2016.3867.1-42.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2016 (3867)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/3867.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Palaeictops Matthew 1899" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FFBFFFE3FB049C78FF8C346B881CFF9C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the genus Palaeictops Matthew, 1899 (Mammalia: Leptictidae), with the description of two new species from the Middle Eocene of Utah and Wyoming" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1698934683797" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="55B498A1F8B667BFD5C32B085AEF74C6">Systematics of the genus Palaeictops Matthew, 1899 (Mammalia: Leptictidae), with the description of two new species from the Middle Eocene of Utah and Wyoming</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EFBC2B67437C9D2FA59E2FB6C4D89CC8">Velazco, Paúl M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="386FABF6E2235039D0C8E95A0DDE8E9B">Novacek, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4776B9011BCA3EDB50C97B3ABB524840">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="8090774D613FFF10C4B923DFE5B22F91">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="67332C72A34152FA96D898AB96DEC10F">2016</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0386879BFB079C7EFE50314A8B6AFD05" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5060671" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183232355" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5060671" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0386879BFB079C7EFE50314A8B6AFD05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0386879BFB079C7EFE50314A8B6AFD05" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<subSubSection id="C3356506FB079C7BFE50314A8B78FAA7" box="[476,868,1313,1339]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB079C7BFE50314A8B78FAA7" blockId="3.[476,868,1313,1339]" box="[476,868,1313,1339]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFDA3314A8B78FAA7" authority="Matthew, 1899" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[559,868,1313,1339]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFDA3314A8AB3FAA7" box="[559,687,1313,1339]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Palaeictops</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB079C7BFD3B314A8B78FAA7" author="Matthew, W. D." box="[695,868,1313,1339]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="19 - 75" refId="ref14602" refString="Matthew, W. D. 1899. A provisional classification of the fresh-water Tertiary of the West. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 12 (3): 19 - 75." type="journal article" year="1899">Matthew, 1899</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3356506FB079C7BFFF4313389ADFAEC" box="[120,433,1368,1393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB079C7BFFF4313389ADFAEC" blockId="3.[120,485,1368,1427]" box="[120,433,1368,1393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3F11A3FB079C7BFFF4313389ADFAEC" box="[120,433,1368,1393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8E109CFB079C7BFFF4313389B1FAEC" author="Cope, E. D." box="[120,429,1368,1393]" page="746" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1880">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFFF4313389B1FAEC" authority="Cope, 1880: 746" authorityName="Cope" authorityPageNumber="746" authorityYear="1880" box="[120,429,1368,1393]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Stypolophus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptictida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFFF4313388EAFAEC" box="[120,246,1368,1392]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Stypolophus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB079C7BFF71313289B1FAEC" author="Cope, E. D." box="[253,429,1368,1393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="745 - 748" refId="ref13742" refString="Cope, E. D. 1880. Geology and palaeontology. American Naturalist 14: 745 - 748." type="journal article" year="1880">Cope, 1880: 746</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3356506FB079C7BFFF4311789F9FA0F" box="[120,485,1403,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="synonymic_list">
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB079C7BFFF4311789F9FA0F" blockId="3.[120,485,1368,1427]" box="[120,485,1403,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3F11A3FB079C7BFFF4311789F9FA0F" box="[120,485,1403,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8E109CFB079C7BFFF4311789FEFA0F" author="Granger, W." box="[120,482,1403,1427]" page="251" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" year="1910">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFFF4311789FEFA0F" authority="Granger, 1910: 250 - 251" authorityName="Granger" authorityPageNumber="250 - 251" authorityYear="1910" box="[120,482,1403,1427]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Parictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFFF4311788C4FA0F" box="[120,216,1404,1427]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Parictops</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB079C7BFF6C311089FEFA0F" author="Granger, W." box="[224,482,1403,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="235 - 251" refId="ref14117" refString="Granger, W. 1910. Tertiary faunal horizons in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming, with descriptions of new Eocene mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 28 (21): 235 - 251." type="journal article" year="1910">Granger, 1910: 250–251</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3356506FB079C7BFF2431DA892AFA6D" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B90368DFB079C7BFF2431DA892AFA6D" blockId="3.[120,1228,1457,1747]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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GENOTYPIC SPECIES:
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFE2B31DA8B01FA57" authority="Cope, 1880" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[423,797,1457,1483]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFE2B31DA8A97FA57" box="[423,651,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Palaeictops bicuspis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB079C7BFD1931DA8B01FA57" author="Cope, E. D." box="[661,797,1457,1483]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="745 - 748" refId="ref13742" refString="Cope, E. D. 1880. Geology and palaeontology. American Naturalist 14: 745 - 748." type="journal article" year="1880">Cope, 1880</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(described as
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFC4231DA8CBEFA57" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1918" box="[974,1186,1457,1483]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Diacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
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||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFC4231DA8CBEFA57" box="[974,1186,1457,1483]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diacodon bicuspis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB079C7BFFF431BC8936FA6D" author="Matthew, W. D." box="[120,298,1495,1521]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="565 - 657" refId="ref14675" refString="Matthew, W. D. 1918. Part 5 - Insectivora (continued), Glires, Edentata. In W. D. Matthew and W. Granger, A revision of the Lower Eocene Wasatch and Wind River faunas. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 38 (6): 565 - 657." type="journal article" year="1918">Matthew, 1918</bibRefCitation>
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).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3356506FB079C7BFF24319689ACF9FE" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB079C7BFF24319689ACF9FE" blockId="3.[120,1228,1457,1747]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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REFERRED SPECIES:
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFE1C31978B3FF98B" authority="(Russell, 1965)" baseAuthorityName="Russell" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[400,803,1532,1559]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borealis">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFE1C31978A73F98A" box="[400,623,1532,1558]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Palaeictops borealis</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB079C7BFDF231978B07F98B" author="Russell, L. S." box="[638,795,1532,1559]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref15423" refString="Russell, L. S. 1965. Tertiary Mammals of Saskatchewan, Part 1: the Eocene Fauna. Contribution - Life Sciences, Royal Ontario Museum 67: 1 - 33." type="journal article" year="1965">Russell, 1965</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFCA331968C77F98B" authority="(Simpson, 1959)" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[815,1131,1532,1559]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bridgeri">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFCA331968BBFF98A" box="[815,931,1532,1558]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. bridgeri</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB079C7BFC3E31978C7FF98B" author="Simpson, G. G." box="[946,1123,1532,1559]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref15457" refString="Simpson, G. G. 1959. Two new records from the Bridger middle Eocene of Tabernacle Butte, Wyoming. American Museum Novitates 1966: 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1959">Simpson, 1959</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFBFB31968999F9A0" authority="(Novacek, 1977)" baseAuthorityName="Novacek" baseAuthorityYear="1977" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matthewi">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFBFB319688ABF9A0" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P.matthewi</emphasis>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB079C7BFF4532498961F9A0" author="Novacek, M. J." box="[201,381,1570,1596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref15221" refString="Novacek, M. J. 1977. A review of Paleocene and Eocene Leptictidae (Eutheria, Mammalia) from North America. PaleoBios 24: 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1977">Novacek, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFE1832488AE7F9A0" authority="(Granger, 1910)" baseAuthorityName="Granger" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[404,763,1570,1596]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFE1832488A2FF9A0" box="[404,563,1570,1596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. multicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
(
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB079C7BFDC932498AEEF9A0" author="Granger, W." box="[581,754,1570,1596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="235 - 251" refId="ref14117" refString="Granger, W. 1910. Tertiary faunal horizons in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming, with descriptions of new Eocene mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 28 (21): 235 - 251." type="journal article" year="1910">Granger, 1910</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFC8532488B85F9A0" box="[777,921,1570,1596]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFC8532488B85F9A0" box="[777,921,1570,1596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. altimontis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(new, this paper), and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFB39324888C5F9FD" authorityName="Velazco & Novacek" authorityYear="2016" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFB39324888C5F9FD" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. robustus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(new, this paper).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3356506FB079C7CFF24320689A3FCCD" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB079C7CFF24320689A3FCCD" blockId="3.[120,1228,1457,1747]" lastBlockId="4.[119,1230,225,1745]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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DIAGNOSIS: Leptictine differing from other members of this subfamily (i.e.,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFBBE32058C88F91B" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[1074,1172,1646,1671]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Leptictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFBBE32058C88F91B" box="[1074,1172,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Leptictis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFFF432F9890EF930" authorityName="Meehan and Martin" authorityYear="2012" box="[120,274,1682,1708]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Megaleptictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFFF432F9890EF930" box="[120,274,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Megaleptictis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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) in having single sagittal crest (known in
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFC8432F98BF2F930" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[776,1006,1682,1708]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFC8432F98BF2F930" box="[776,1006,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Palaeictops bicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFC7032F88C91F930" box="[1020,1165,1682,1708]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFC7032F88C91F930" box="[1020,1165,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. altimontis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFFF432D288EBF94E" authorityName="Velazco & Novacek" authorityYear="2016" box="[120,247,1720,1746]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFFF432D288EBF94E" box="[120,247,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); shallow suprameatal fossa (known in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFD5632D28B70F94E" box="[730,876,1720,1746]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFD5632D28B70F94E" box="[730,876,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. altimontis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB079C7BFC2432D28C3CF94E" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[936,1056,1720,1746]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB079C7BFC2432D28C3CF94E" box="[936,1056,1720,1746]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. bicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); more transversely flared basioccipital that overlaps ventrally the promontorium of the petrosal (known in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFF1B356C893BFEBD" box="[151,295,263,289]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFF1B356C893BFEBD" box="[151,295,263,289]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. altimontis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); shallow groove on the paraoccipital process for the digastric muscle (known in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFF173546892DFEDA" box="[155,305,300,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFF173546892DFEDA" box="[155,305,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. altimontis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFEFF354689EAFEDA" authorityName="Velazco & Novacek" authorityYear="2016" box="[371,502,300,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFEFF354689EAFEDA" box="[371,502,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); a paraoccipital process that is less extensive, so that the distance is shorter between stylomastoid foramen and posterior margin of basicranium (known in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFE8D351C898FFE0D" box="[257,403,375,401]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFE8D351C898FFE0D" box="[257,403,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. altimontis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFE5D351C8A4CFE0D" authorityName="Velazco & Novacek" authorityYear="2016" box="[465,592,375,401]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFE5D351C8A4CFE0D" box="[465,592,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and a small postglenoid process (known in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFBF1351C88D4FE2A" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFBF1351C88D4FE2A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. altimontis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFE8535F68996FE2A" authorityName="Velazco & Novacek" authorityYear="2016" box="[265,394,412,438]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFE8535F68996FE2A" box="[265,394,412,438]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Expanded cochlear fossula (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFCAE35F68BAAFE2A" box="[802,950,412,438]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFCAE35F68BAAFE2A" box="[802,950,412,438]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. altimontis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFC7435F68C65FE2A" authorityName="Velazco & Novacek" authorityYear="2016" box="[1016,1145,412,438]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="robustus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFC7435F68C65FE2A" box="[1016,1145,412,438]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. robustus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Lingually swollen protocones on P5 and M1–M3. Similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFCE135A98BCEFE47" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[877,978,450,475]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Leptictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFCE135A98BCEFE47" box="[877,978,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Leptictis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but different from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFFF4358C8910FD9D" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[120,268,487,513]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFFF4358C8910FD9D" box="[120,268,487,513]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having more bunodont cusps on posterior premolars and molars. Similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFFF53667890FFDBA" authorityName="Meehan and Martin" authorityYear="2012" box="[121,275,524,550]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Megaleptictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFFF53667890FFDBA" box="[121,275,524,550]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Megaleptictis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a small suprameatal foramen; lacking the posterior concavity in the coronoid process; and short talonid on p5. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFC99365A8BB5FDD7" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[789,937,561,587]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFC99365A8BB5FDD7" box="[789,937,561,587]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having slightly lower trigonids; well-developed hypocone on P5; shallow ectoflexi; elongate p5 with enlarged paraconid; less transverse M2; less developed parastylar spurs; and the presence of only one paraconule on the upper molars. Differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFD1336CA8B4AFD27" authorityName="Gidley" authorityYear="1915" box="[671,854,673,699]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Myrmecoboides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFD1336CA8B4AFD27" box="[671,854,673,699]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Myrmecoboides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having well-separated paraconids and metaconids on p5–m3; less elongate, relatively wider talonids; and more closely spaced premolars. Pes in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFE2B36868A2DFC9A" baseAuthorityName="Novacek" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[423,561,748,774]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matthewi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFE2B36868A2DFC9A" box="[423,561,748,774]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. matthewi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from that in all other leptictids where known in having a distinctly pear-shaped sustentacular facet on the astragalus and a very reduced fibular facet on the calcaneum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3356506FB009C7CFF24373789F8FC7A" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB009C7CFF24373789F8FC7A" blockId="4.[119,1230,225,1745]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
DISTRIBUTION: Wind River, Bridger, Tepee Trail, Wasatch, and Willwood formations, Wyoming; DeBeque and Huerfano formations, Colorado; Uinta Formation, Utah; and Cypress Hills and Swift Current Creek formations,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49EBF86FFB009C7CFDB637CC8AC3FC5D" box="[570,735,935,961]" country="Canada" name="Saskatchewan" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Saskatchewan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F338761DFB009C7CFD6037CC8B55FC5D" box="[748,841,935,961]" name="Canada" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Lower–Middle Eocene (Wasat-chian–Duchesnean NALMAs).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3356506FB009C7CFF24379A8B59FA1D" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB009C7CFF24379A8A22FA8E" blockId="4.[119,1230,225,1745]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
REMARKS: The above diagnosis documents the presence of cranial and postcranial traits that may exclude
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFEDE307C89C8FBAD" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[338,468,1047,1073]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFEDE307C89C8FBAD" box="[338,468,1047,1073]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFDB7307C8A80FBAC" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[571,668,1047,1072]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Leptictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFDB7307C8A80FBAC" box="[571,668,1047,1072]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Leptictis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
grouping. It is noteworthy, however, that the posteriorly expanded nasals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFE6730568A7DFBCA" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[491,609,1084,1110]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFE6730568A7DFBCA" box="[491,609,1084,1110]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. bicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are primitive, but not universal for this genus. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFB3B305688F7FBE7" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFB3B305688F7FBE7" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. altimontis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the nasals are posteriorly constricted in a manner similar to that in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFB9430098C6AFBE7" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1868" box="[1048,1142,1122,1147]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Leptictis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFB9430098C6AFBE7" box="[1048,1142,1122,1147]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Leptictis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. There is, in fact, clear evidence that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFE5530EC8A45FB3D" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[473,601,1159,1185]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFE5530EC8A45FB3D" box="[473,601,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely tied to the history of the Late Eocene–Oli-gocene taxa. Postcranial features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFDA830C68AB0FB5A" baseAuthorityName="Novacek" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[548,684,1196,1222]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matthewi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFDA830C68AB0FB5A" box="[548,684,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. matthewi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also support this close phylogenetic relationship (e.g., distal fusion of tibia and fibula, head of femur strongly canted to long axis of shaft, and deep trochanteric fossa of femur).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB009C7CFF2431778B59FA1D" blockId="4.[119,1230,225,1745]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
Although there are distinct differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFD6E31778B7EFAAA" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[738,866,1308,1334]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFD6E31778B7EFAAA" box="[738,866,1308,1334]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFC1331778C33FAAA" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[927,1071,1308,1334]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFC1331778C33FAAA" box="[927,1071,1308,1334]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, some of the criteria demarcating these taxa in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB009C7CFE73312A8AA8FAC7" author="Novacek, M. J." box="[511,692,1345,1371]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref15221" refString="Novacek, M. J. 1977. A review of Paleocene and Eocene Leptictidae (Eutheria, Mammalia) from North America. PaleoBios 24: 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1977">Novacek (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
have been questioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB009C7CFC56312988DBFA1D" author="Bown, T. M. & D. Schankler" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref13587" refString="Bown, T. M., and D. Schankler. 1982. A review of the Proteutheria and Insectivora of the Willwood Formation (Lower Eocene), Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. Geological Survey Bulletin 1523: 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1982">Bown and Schankler (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The latter authors offered the following comparisons:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3356506FB009C7DFF1931E78BFCFE40" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB009C7CFF1931E789C9F98A" blockId="4.[119,1230,225,1745]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
(1) The two genera are not easily separated by the length-width dimensions of the upper molars (as used by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB009C7CFE2B31DA8A4AFA57" author="Novacek, M. J." box="[423,598,1457,1483]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref15221" refString="Novacek, M. J. 1977. A review of Paleocene and Eocene Leptictidae (Eutheria, Mammalia) from North America. PaleoBios 24: 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1977">Novacek, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), although Bown and Schankler noted (1982: 11) that “the upper molars of Paleocene
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFDC431BC8AC5FA6D" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[584,729,1495,1521]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFDC431BC8AC5FA6D" box="[584,729,1495,1521]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are more transverse than in early Eocene species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFECF319789D5F98A" box="[323,457,1532,1558]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFECF319789D9F98A" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[323,453,1532,1558]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Palaeictops</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB009C7CFF19324A8948F91B" blockId="4.[119,1230,225,1745]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
(2) Some referred specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFD99324A8AE4F9A7" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[533,760,1569,1595]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFD99324A8AE4F9A7" box="[533,760,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Palaeictops bicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB009C7CFCCC324A8BF9F9A7" author="Guthrie, D. A." box="[832,997,1569,1595]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="47 - 113" refId="ref14356" refString="Guthrie, D. A. 1971. The mammalian fauna of the Lost Cabin Member, Wind River Formation (Lower Eocene) of Wyoming. Annals of Carnegie Museum 43: 47 - 113." type="journal article" year="1971">Guthrie, 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) have M2 ectoflexi that are intermediately deep between the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5494882FFB009C7CFD22322C8AFDF9FD" box="[686,737,1607,1633]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFC88322C8B65F9FD" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[772,889,1607,1633]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFC88322C8B65F9FD" box="[772,889,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. bicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5494882FFB009C7CFC53322C8C0EF9FD" box="[991,1042,1607,1633]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFBBB322C8951F91A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFBBB322C8CD4F9FD" baseAuthorityName="Jepsen" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[1079,1224,1607,1633]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tauricinerei">Prodiacodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
tauricinerei
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB009C7CFF1932FA8C3BF94D" blockId="4.[119,1230,225,1745]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||
(3) A large individual from the Lysite biostratigraphic zone of the Willwood Formation has a mosaic of characters seen in teeth of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFD5832DC8B48F94D" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[724,852,1719,1745]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFD5832DC8B48F94D" box="[724,852,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB009C7CFC1C32DC8C3CF94D" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[912,1056,1719,1745]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB009C7CFC1C32DC8C3CF94D" box="[912,1056,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB019C7DFF19348A8B5CFEBD" blockId="5.[120,1229,225,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
(4) The conules of the few known upper molar specimens are positioned more lingually in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFF46356C89FAFEBD" baseAuthorityName="Jepsen" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[202,486,263,289]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tauricinerei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFF46356C89FAFEBD" box="[202,486,263,289]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prodiacodon tauricinerei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as noted in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB019C7DFDF3356C8B20FEBD" author="Novacek, M. J." box="[639,828,263,289]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref15221" refString="Novacek, M. J. 1977. A review of Paleocene and Eocene Leptictidae (Eutheria, Mammalia) from North America. PaleoBios 24: 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1977">Novacek (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB019C7DFF1935478CA0FE0E" blockId="5.[120,1229,225,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
(5) The
|
||
<typeStatus id="5494882FFB019C7DFF7E35468939FEDB" box="[242,293,301,327]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens of three
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFD9D35478A8DFEDA" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[529,657,300,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFD9D35478A8DFEDA" box="[529,657,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFD7035478BC1FEDA" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[764,989,300,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFD7035478BC1FEDA" box="[764,989,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops bicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFC6035468C6FFEDA" baseAuthorityName="Novacek" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[1004,1139,300,326]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matthewi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFC6035468C6FFEDA" box="[1004,1139,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. matthewi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFB3A35468956FEF7" baseAuthorityName="Granger" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFB3A35468956FEF7" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. multicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) show heavy wear, which precludes accurate assessment of cusp height. The trigonids of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFED7351C89F0FE0D" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[347,492,375,401]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFED7351C89F0FE0D" box="[347,492,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may therefore not be much higher than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFBBA351C8CA9FE0D" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[1078,1205,375,401]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFBBA351C8CA9FE0D" box="[1078,1205,375,401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB019C7DFF1935F78BFCFE40" blockId="5.[120,1229,225,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
(6) p5 paraconids in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFE0135F78A11FE2A" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[397,525,412,438]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFE0135F78A11FE2A" box="[397,525,412,438]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are better developed than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFCE535F78BE6FE2A" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[873,1018,412,438]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFCE535F78BE6FE2A" box="[873,1018,412,438]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
only because p5s of the former are larger and their anterior trigonids more elongate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3356506FB019C7EFFF435838B6AFD05" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB019C7DFFF435838A31FD9D" blockId="5.[120,1229,225,1711]" box="[120,557,487,514]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">We address these remarks as follows:</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB019C7DFF1936668940FD7E" blockId="5.[120,1229,225,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
(1) The quotation of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB019C7DFE0A36668AD6FDBB" author="Bown, T. M. & D. Schankler" box="[390,714,524,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref13587" refString="Bown, T. M., and D. Schankler. 1982. A review of the Proteutheria and Insectivora of the Willwood Formation (Lower Eocene), Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. Geological Survey Bulletin 1523: 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1982">Bown and Schankler (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
given above supports the original demarcation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFEAD365989BDFDD0" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[289,417,562,588]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFEAD365989BDFDD0" box="[289,417,562,588]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFE5236598A73FDD0" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[478,623,562,588]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFE5236598A73FDD0" box="[478,623,562,588]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on dimension of upper molars. Some variation in these dimensions among specimens and species is expected. The significant character in this context is the markedly more transverse, anteroposteriorly compressed M2 relative to M
|
||
<quantity id="4CD79B68FB019C7DFE1936C989A3FD20" box="[405,447,674,700]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFE4536C98A44FD20" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[457,600,674,700]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFE4536C98A44FD20" box="[457,600,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a feature definitely lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFC4736C98C57FD20" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[971,1099,674,700]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFC4736C98C57FD20" box="[971,1099,674,700]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB019C7DFBD636C98919FD7D" author="Novacek, M. J." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 111" refId="ref15252" refString="Novacek, M. J. 1986. The skull of leptictid insectivorans and the higher-level calssification of eutherian mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 183 (1): 1 - 111." type="journal article" year="1986">Novacek, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB019C7DFF1936868C18FCE4" blockId="5.[120,1229,225,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
(2) Variation in the depth and configuration of the ectoflexi of M2 is expected. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="5494882FFB019C7DFBE036858CB5FC94" box="[1132,1193,750,776]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFF45377989B6FCB0" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[201,426,786,812]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFF45377989B6FCB0" box="[201,426,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops bicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFE3437788A23FCB0" baseAuthorityName="Novacek" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[440,575,786,812]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matthewi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFE3437788A23FCB0" box="[440,575,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. matthewi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFD0D37788B13FCB0" box="[641,783,786,812]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFD0D37788B13FCB0" box="[641,783,786,812]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. altimontis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are clearly distinguished in this character from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5494882FFB019C7DFEF6375389ABFCCE" box="[378,439,824,850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFE6C37538AE1FCCE" baseAuthorityName="Jepsen" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[480,765,824,850]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tauricinerei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFE6C37538AE1FCCE" box="[480,765,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prodiacodon tauricinerei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFCB737528BD0FCCE" baseAuthorityName="Matthew" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[827,972,825,850]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="puercensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFCB737528BD0FCCE" box="[827,972,825,850]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. puercensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(M2s of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFBB537528CD6FCCE" authorityName="Novacek" authorityYear="1977" box="[1081,1226,824,850]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="crustulum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFBB537528CD6FCCE" box="[1081,1226,824,850]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. crustulum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were not definitely identified; see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB019C7DFDDB37368B1AFCEB" author="Novacek, M. J." box="[599,774,861,887]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref15221" refString="Novacek, M. J. 1977. A review of Paleocene and Eocene Leptictidae (Eutheria, Mammalia) from North America. PaleoBios 24: 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1977">Novacek, 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB019C7DFCC937368BE4FCE4" author="Clemens, W. A." box="[837,1016,861,888]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref13701" refString="Clemens, W. A. 2015. Prodiacodon crustulum (Leptictidae, Mammalia) from the Tullock Member of the Fort Union Formation, Garfield and McCone Counties, Montana, USA. PaleoBios 32: 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="2015">Clemens, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB019C7DFF1937E88CD5FC5F" blockId="5.[120,1229,225,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
(3) New specimens with a mosaic of dental features found in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFC3A37E88C2AFC01" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[950,1078,899,925]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFC3A37E88C2AFC01" box="[950,1078,899,925]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFBFF37E88910FC5E" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFBFF37E88910FC5E" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is expected. Perhaps the “large-toothed” specimen from Willwood is a new taxon.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB019C7DFF1937A589C5FBE2" blockId="5.[120,1229,225,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
(4) We concur with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB019C7DFE0237A58AE8FC74" author="Bown, T. M. & D. Schankler" box="[398,756,973,1000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref13587" refString="Bown, T. M., and D. Schankler. 1982. A review of the Proteutheria and Insectivora of the Willwood Formation (Lower Eocene), Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. Geological Survey Bulletin 1523: 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1982">Bown and Schankler’s (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
agreement with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB019C7DFC4837A68C88FC74" author="Novacek, M. J." box="[964,1172,973,1000]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref15221" refString="Novacek, M. J. 1977. A review of Paleocene and Eocene Leptictidae (Eutheria, Mammalia) from North America. PaleoBios 24: 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="1977">Novacek’s (1977)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
initial observation concerning the relative position of the upper molar conules in
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFF4430738A47FBAE" box="[200,603,1048,1074]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFF4430738964FBAE" box="[200,376,1048,1074]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vis">Palaeictops vis</taxonomicName>
|
||
a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFE15307289A6FBAE" box="[409,442,1049,1074]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vis">vis</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFE4830738A47FBAE" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[452,603,1048,1074]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Prodiacodon</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. We now emphasize, however, that the significant feature of the conules is the twinned paraconule, a feature of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFC3A30558C51FBC4" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[950,1101,1086,1112]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFC3A30558C51FBC4" box="[950,1101,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
definitely lacking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFEC1300889CEFBE1" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[333,466,1123,1149]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFEC1300889CEFBE1" box="[333,466,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB019C7DFF1930E38950FA1F" blockId="5.[120,1229,225,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
(5) We acknowledge that elevation of the trigonids is difficult to assess in the worn
|
||
<typeStatus id="5494882FFB019C7DFBE030E28CB5FB3F" box="[1132,1193,1161,1187]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFF4530C589B2FB54" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[201,430,1198,1224]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFF4530C589B2FB54" box="[201,430,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops bicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFE3230C48A54FB54" baseAuthorityName="Novacek" baseAuthorityYear="1977" box="[446,584,1198,1224]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matthewi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFE3230C48A54FB54" box="[446,584,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. matthewi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFD1C30C48B2BFB54" box="[656,823,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFD1C30C48B2FFB54" baseAuthorityName="Granger" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[656,819,1198,1224]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multicuspis">P. multicuspis</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The trigonids are, however, definitely lower in the relatively less worn teeth of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFD7E30BF8B74FB71" baseAuthorityName="Simpson" baseAuthorityYear="1959" box="[754,872,1235,1261]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bridgeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFD7E30BF8B74FB71" box="[754,872,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. bridgeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFC2830BF8C2EFB71" box="[932,1074,1235,1261]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altimontis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFC2830BF8C2EFB71" box="[932,1074,1235,1261]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. altimontis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFB1B30BF892DFA8F" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFB1B30BF892DFA8F" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB019C7DFECF309289EAFA8E" author="Novacek, M. J." box="[323,502,1272,1299]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 111" refId="ref15252" refString="Novacek, M. J. 1986. The skull of leptictid insectivorans and the higher-level calssification of eutherian mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 183 (1): 1 - 111." type="journal article" year="1986">Novacek, 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 4). We agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB019C7DFC9D30928C7DFA8F" author="Bown, T. M. & D. Schankler" box="[785,1121,1273,1299]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref13587" refString="Bown, T. M., and D. Schankler. 1982. A review of the Proteutheria and Insectivora of the Willwood Formation (Lower Eocene), Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. Geological Survey Bulletin 1523: 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1982">Bown and Schankler (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that the lower trigonids are possibly shared specializations developed by the Middle Eocene
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFF4431288954FAC1" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[200,328,1347,1373]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFF4431288954FAC1" box="[200,328,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The case is moot until better-preserved molars of Early Eocene
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFBC531288CD5FAC1" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[1097,1225,1347,1373]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFBC531288CD5FAC1" box="[1097,1225,1347,1373]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB019C7DFF1931E58BF9F932" blockId="5.[120,1229,225,1711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||
(6) The greatest difference in p5 paraconid size is between the
|
||
<typeStatus id="5494882FFB019C7DFCF331E48BADFA35" box="[895,945,1423,1449]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFBA831E58CBDFA34" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[1060,1185,1422,1448]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFBA831E58CBDFA34" box="[1060,1185,1422,1448]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFB3931E4893CFA52" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFB3931E4893CFA52" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. bicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFEE831DF89EEFA52" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[356,498,1460,1486]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFEE831DF89EEFA52" box="[356,498,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFD8F31DF8A93FA51" baseAuthorityName="Matthew" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[515,655,1460,1485]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="puercensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFD8F31DF8A93FA51" box="[515,655,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. puercensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). We agree with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB019C7DFCDE31DF8C88FA52" author="Bown, T. M. & D. Schankler" box="[850,1172,1460,1486]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref13587" refString="Bown, T. M., and D. Schankler. 1982. A review of the Proteutheria and Insectivora of the Willwood Formation (Lower Eocene), Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. Geological Survey Bulletin 1523: 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1982">Bown and Schankler (1982)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFF4531B289C3FA6F" baseAuthorityName="Jepsen" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[201,479,1497,1523]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tauricinerei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFF4531B289C3FA6F" box="[201,479,1497,1523]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prodiacodon tauricinerei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
approaches
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFDE131B28AF6FA6F" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[621,746,1497,1523]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFDE131B28AF6FA6F" box="[621,746,1497,1523]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(especially the Middle Eocene species) in development of the p5 paraconid. However, the difference in development is worthy of recognition. The size of the p5 paraconid in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB019C7DFD36324E8B37F9A2" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[698,811,1572,1598]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB019C7DFD36324E8B37F9A2" box="[698,811,1572,1598]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">P. bicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
refers to its relatively robust proportions; it is not simply a function of overall tooth size. Moreover, the relationships between a larger paraconid and a more elongate anterior portion of the trigonid are hardly surprising; this portion of tooth is occupied by little more than a paraconid.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B90368DFB029C7EFF24348A8B6AFD05" blockId="6.[120,1226,225,666]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
These considerations lead us to retain the generic separation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB029C7EFC3C348A8C2FFF67" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[944,1075,225,251]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB029C7EFC3C348A8C2FFF67" box="[944,1075,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB029C7EFBFD348A88A2FEBD" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB029C7EFBFD348A88A2FEBD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We acknowledge that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB029C7EFE57356C8B1CFEBD" baseAuthorityName="Jepsen" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[475,768,263,289]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tauricinerei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB029C7EFE57356C8B1CFEBD" box="[475,768,263,289]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Prodiacodon tauricinerei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has features that resemble the dental morphology characteristic of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB029C7EFE6435468A70FEDB" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[488,620,301,327]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB029C7EFE6435468A70FEDB" box="[488,620,301,327]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Palaeictops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
more closely than other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB029C7EFBA035468CDDFEDB" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[1068,1217,301,327]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB029C7EFBA035468CDDFEDB" box="[1068,1217,301,327]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB029C7EFFF435398983FEF0" baseAuthorityName="Jepsen" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[120,415,338,364]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tauricinerei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB029C7EFFF435398983FEF0" box="[120,415,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Prodiacodon tauricinerei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is, however, clearly referable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB029C7EFCBD35398BD9FEF0" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1929" box="[817,965,338,364]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB029C7EFCBD35398BD9FEF0" box="[817,965,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Prodiacodon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on features of the molars (e.g., P5 and upper molars transverse, anteroposteriorly compressed with sharp cusps; precingula on P5 and molars long, nearly reaching anterolingual corner of crown; M1 and M2 paraconules twinned and paraconules lingual to metaconules; lower molars with sharp cusps, trigonids relatively high and anteroposteriorly compressed). These features, as well as a nearly contemporaneous age, exclude
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB029C7EFD2836658BD9FDB4" baseAuthorityName="Jepsen" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[676,965,526,552]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tauricinerei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB029C7EFD2836658BD9FDB4" box="[676,965,526,552]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Prodiacodon tauricinerei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a possible ancestor of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB029C7EFF1B365F8960FDD2" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,380,564,590]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicuspis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB029C7EFF1B365F8960FDD2" box="[151,380,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Palaeictops bicuspis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or other species of this genus. This view runs contrary to the argument of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBE4B7CFB029C7EFF1B36318A11FDE8" author="Bown, T. M. & D. Schankler" box="[151,525,602,628]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 73" refId="ref13587" refString="Bown, T. M., and D. Schankler. 1982. A review of the Proteutheria and Insectivora of the Willwood Formation (Lower Eocene), Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. Geological Survey Bulletin 1523: 1 - 73." type="journal article" year="1982">Bown and Schankler (1982: 11)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB029C7EFDC536318AF7FDEF" baseAuthorityName="Jepsen" baseAuthorityYear="1930" box="[585,747,602,627]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Prodiacodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tauricinerei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB029C7EFDC536318AF7FDEF" box="[585,747,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. tauricinerei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, persisting into Lysitean time, may have given rise to a second lineage that ultimately led to
|
||
<emphasis id="B95BEA9FFB029C7EFD6736148B6AFD05" box="[747,886,639,665]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2F4D0EFB029C7EFD6736148B6EFD05" authorityName="Matthew" authorityYear="1899" box="[747,882,639,665]" class="Mammalia" family="Leptictidae" genus="Palaeictops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pilosa" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Palaeictops</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |