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146 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.2478/if-2018-0001" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4586465" approvalRequired="48" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="2" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="44" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1614969889443" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Cleal, Christopher J. & Thomas, Barry A." docDate="2018" docId="03861853FFB0FFE4D9C2FD48FA6CF7BA" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.74.1-2.9-28.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 74 (1 - 2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634:FossilImprint.2016.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016.journal_article" docTitle="Palmacites SCHLOTHEIM ex BRONGNIART 1822" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="FFBF602BFFBCFFE8DA70F96EFFD5FF9F" masterDocTitle="Nomenclatural Status Of The Palaeobotanical “ Artificial Taxa ” Established In Brongniart’S 1822 “ Classification ” Paper" masterLastPageNumber="28" masterPageNumber="9" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1614972264969" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Nomenclatural Status Of The Palaeobotanical “ Artificial Taxa ” Established In Brongniart’S 1822 “ Classification ” Paper</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cleal, Christopher J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biodiversity and Systematic Biology, National Museum Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff CF 10 3 NP, United Kingdom; e-mail: chris. cleal @ museumwales. ac. uk.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Thomas, Barry A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Penglais, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY 201 NL, United Kingdom; e-mail: bat @ aber. ac. uk.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">bat@aber.ac.uk.</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2018-08-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>74</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1 - 2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>9</mods:start>
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<mods:end>28</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.2478/if-2018-0001</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2533-4069</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4586465</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03861853FFB0FFE4D9C2FD48FA6CF7BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03861853FFB0FFE4D9C2FD48FA6CF7BA" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection box="[946,1378,1062,1086]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[946,1378,1062,1086]" box="[946,1378,1062,1086]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
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<heading box="[946,1378,1062,1086]" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="SCHLOTHEIM ex BRONGNIART" authorityName="SCHLOTHEIM ex BRONGNIART" authorityYear="1822" box="[946,1378,1062,1086]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palmacites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[946,1378,1062,1086]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[946,1066,1062,1086]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Palmacites</emphasis>
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SCHLOTHEIM ex
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1245,1378,1062,1086]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">BRONGNIART</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="21" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="12.[1101,1224,1095,1119]" box="[1101,1224,1095,1119]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
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<figureCitation box="[1101,1224,1095,1119]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="8.[147,226,1872,1893]" captionText="Text-fig. 2. Illustrations from Brongniart (1822a, b) of specimens that remain legitimate taxonomic types of fossil-species. All same scale as in original plate unless otherwise stated. a, b) Filicites (Odontopteris) brardii BRONGNIART (≡ Odontopteris brardii (BRONGNIART) STERNBERG) (a × 0.5). c) Palmacites lamanonis BRONGNIART, Miocene Series, Aix-en-Provence, France, × 0.67. d) Sphenophyllites emarginatus BRONGNIART (≡ Sphenophyllum emarginatum (BRONGNIART) BRONGNIART). e) Fucoides strictus AGARDH ex BRONGNIART, L’ile de Aix lignite mine, near La Rochelle, France. f) Phyllites populina BRONGNIART (≡ Populus populina (BRONGNIART) KNOBLOCH), Miocene Lagerstätte, Öhningen, Switzerland. g) Carpolithes thalictroidesBRONGNIART (≡ Stratiotes thalictroides (BRONGNIART) CHANDLER), upper Oligocene Calcaire de Beauce, Paris Basin, France. h) Antholithes liliacea BRONGNIART, Eocene Monte Bolca Lagerstätte in Veneto, Italy. i) Poacites carinata BRONGNIART, Pennsylvanian Subsystem." pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Text-fig. 2c</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[843,1371,1142,1193]" box="[843,1353,1142,1164]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
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1820
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<taxonomicName authority="SCHLOTHEIM" authorityName="SCHLOTHEIM ex BRONGNIART" authorityYear="1822" box="[918,1143,1142,1163]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palmacites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[918,1025,1142,1163]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Palmacites</emphasis>
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SCHLOTHEIM
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 393 (nom. inval.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[843,1371,1142,1193]" box="[843,1371,1171,1193]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
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1822a
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<taxonomicName authority="SCHLOTHEIM ex BRONGNIART" authorityName="SCHLOTHEIM ex BRONGNIART" authorityYear="1822" box="[918,1292,1171,1193]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palmacites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[918,1025,1171,1192]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Palmacites</emphasis>
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SCHLOTHEIM ex BRONGNIART
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 210.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[843,1482,1217,1306]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
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Ty p e.
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<taxonomicName authority="BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART, Miocene" authorityYear="1822" box="[972,1349,1217,1241]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palmacites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lamanonis">
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<emphasis box="[972,1212,1217,1241]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Palmacites lamanonis</emphasis>
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BRONGNIART
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</taxonomicName>
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, p. 238, pl. 3, fig. 1; MNHN.F.1931.1; Loc.: Miocene Series, Aix-en- Provence,
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<collectingCountry box="[955,1031,1283,1306]" name="France" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">France</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[881,1318,1330,1354]" box="[881,1318,1330,1354]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">D i a g n o s i s. “Feuilles flabelliformes.”</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[843,1482,1378,2085]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
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D i s c u s s i o n.
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<bibRefCitation author="Schlotheim, E. F. von" box="[1077,1290,1378,1402]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" refId="ref20364" refString="Schlotheim, E. F. von (1820): Die Petrefactenkunde auf ihrem jetzigen Standpunkte durch die Beschreibung seiner Sammlung versteinerter und fossiler Uberreste des Thier- und Pflanzenreichs der Vorwelt erlautert. - Becker, Gotha, 437 pp." type="book" year="1820">Schlotheim (1820)</bibRefCitation>
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originally used this genus name for a series of fossils that he regarded as belonging to palms. Most were Palaeozoic lycopsid stems, although one unillustrated species (
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<taxonomicName authority="SCHLOTHEIM, 1820" authorityName="SCHLOTHEIM" authorityYear="1820" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palmacites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flabellatus">
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<emphasis box="[1240,1481,1475,1499]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Palmacites flabellatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Schlotheim, E. F. von" box="[843,1046,1508,1532]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" refId="ref20364" refString="Schlotheim, E. F. von (1820): Die Petrefactenkunde auf ihrem jetzigen Standpunkte durch die Beschreibung seiner Sammlung versteinerter und fossiler Uberreste des Thier- und Pflanzenreichs der Vorwelt erlautert. - Becker, Gotha, 437 pp." type="book" year="1820">SCHLOTHEIM, 1820</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, nom. inval.) was based on Jurassic fossils.
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<bibRefCitation author="Martius, C. F. P." box="[925,1087,1540,1564]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="121 - 147" refId="ref19719" refString="Martius, C. F. P. (1822): De plantis nonnullis antediluvianis ope specierum inter tropicos nunc vivientium illustrandos. - Denkschriften der Koniglich-Baierischen Botanischen Gesellschaft in Regensburg, 2: 121 - 147." type="journal article" year="1822">Martius (1822)</bibRefCitation>
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also referred to two of Schlotheim’s species (
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<taxonomicName authority="SCHLOTHEIM" authorityName="SCHLOTHEIM" box="[939,1305,1573,1597]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palmacites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obsolutus">
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<emphasis box="[939,1169,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Palmacites obsolutus</emphasis>
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SCHLOTHEIM
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authority="SCHLOTHEIM" authorityName="SCHLOTHEIM" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palmacites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="annulatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Palmacites annulatus</emphasis>
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SCHLOTHEIM
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</taxonomicName>
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) but again without providing a generic diagnosis.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="12.[843,1482,1378,2085]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">
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In its validly published protologue,
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<bibRefCitation author="Brongniart, A." box="[1274,1482,1670,1694]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart (1822a)</bibRefCitation>
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restricted the fossil-genus to flabelliform, palm-like foliage and referred to just one species that may be taken as the
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<typeStatus box="[924,973,1768,1792]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">type</typeStatus>
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,
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<taxonomicName box="[990,1142,1768,1792]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palmacites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lamonensis">
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<emphasis box="[990,1142,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">P. lamonensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(in the second, 1822b, c part of the paper he mentioned a second species,
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<taxonomicName authority="BRONGNIART" authorityName="BRONGNIART" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palmacites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parisiensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Palmacites parisiensis</emphasis>
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BRONGNIART
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</taxonomicName>
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but this post-dates the protologue).
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<bibRefCitation author="Brongniart, A." box="[843,1110,1865,1890]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 223" refId="ref15409" refString="Brongniart, A. (1828 a): Prodrome d'une Histoire des vegetaux fossiles. F. G. Levrault, Paris and Strasbourg, 223 pp [also published in Dictionnaire des sciences naturelles, 57: 1 - 223]." type="book chapter" year="1828">Brongniart (1828a: 120)</bibRefCitation>
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later also included stems that he regarded as having palm affinities, and
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<bibRefCitation author="Sternberg, K. M. von" box="[1295,1482,1898,1922]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" refId="ref20761" refString="Sternberg, K. M. von (1825): Versuch einer geognostischbotanischen Darstellung der Flora der Vorwelt, Vol. I, 4. - Ernst Brenck's Wittwe, Regensburg, 48 pp., tent. I-XLII." type="book" year="1825">Sternberg (1825)</bibRefCitation>
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included disseminules thought to be from palms (
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<taxonomicName authority="STERNBERG, 1825" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Palmacites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="noeggerathii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="21">Palmacites noeggerathii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Sternberg, K. M. von" box="[1002,1199,1963,1987]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" refId="ref20761" refString="Sternberg, K. M. von (1825): Versuch einer geognostischbotanischen Darstellung der Flora der Vorwelt, Vol. I, 4. - Ernst Brenck's Wittwe, Regensburg, 48 pp., tent. I-XLII." type="book" year="1825">STERNBERG, 1825</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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– in fact Palaeozoic medullosalean disseminules). Nowadays, however, the name is usually used in
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<bibRefCitation author="Brongniart, A." box="[1102,1326,2028,2052]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="203 - 240" refId="ref15150" refString="Brongniart, A. (1822 a): Sur la classification et la distribution des vegetaux fossiles en general, et sur ceux des terrains de sediment superieur en particulier. Introduction, Chapitre I. - Memoires du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, 8: 203 - 240, pls 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1822">Brongniart’s (1822a)</bibRefCitation>
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original sense for fabelliform, palm-like leaves (
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<bibRefCitation author="Read, R. W. & Hickey, L. J." box="[1203,1453,2061,2085]" pageId="12" pageNumber="21" pagination="129 - 137" refId="ref20010" refString="Read, R. W., Hickey, L. J. (1972): A revised classification of fossil palm and palm-like leaves. - Taxon, 21: 129 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 1219237" type="journal article" year="1972">Read and Hickey 1972</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |