304 lines
30 KiB
XML
304 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document id="A8CCFA93400C550916995AE1232E19EB" ID-CLB-Dataset="51665" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4072.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="032c9ceb-f905-482c-a67e-9f70facbb902" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="264543" ID-ZooBank="A358F7A0-12B8-401D-B6FE-ADBF1469B786" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460358278084" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ward, Philip S., Blaimer, Bonnie B. & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2016" docId="038413308A1EFFEE4FA8939F13D6FEA9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4072.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4072 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Camponotus Mayr 1861" docType="treatment" docVersion="21" lastPageNumber="350" masterDocId="FFBD6B488A18FFE94F3F9754176AFFB4" masterDocTitle="A revised phylogenetic classification of the ant subfamily Formicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with resurrection of the genera Colobopsis and Dinomyrmex" masterLastPageNumber="357" masterPageNumber="343" pageNumber="349" updateTime="1698294156484" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="3C3A9819F121D61F17B175B053249A26" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="564E460EBD71E43CADF0DEE29B8768AF">
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<mods:title id="EF13D6E5AA3B879668206A0D468769FE">A revised phylogenetic classification of the ant subfamily Formicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with resurrection of the genera Colobopsis and Dinomyrmex</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="30390C1F18F49F47805B58A6A71F11FA" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="3E40B2BD92CBE3F572814B98B75132F2">
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<mods:roleTerm id="540033F0AE4F921172FF9F314289B1A5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="07D82743E716E64478F501D9C8B91130">Ward, Philip S.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="63300BE6929988F733E1F23C8DEE9FD3" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="2E18AED798AF000D525BF5E439746BE1">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7222EC133944403CF48FC567FECB0E44">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C0DC690BF44F819C026E5FAD89F7C672">Blaimer, Bonnie B.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="3B749EF69C128D5B62E1F1EACFF559C4" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7563A9708B02C33F8CC9F7C8A4BDE0C9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="948AD8C6CAAAEA4FAB2E7C92444DFF2A">Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="65F3CB080928D25E9C3A378A945BF029">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="12ED4F6FDB84E5B8981E4D80127E9700">
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<mods:title id="60688FEEA2390B368A2172411D2400E4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="AAAC0A4AAEC37DB79769F77C6A1C72AF">
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<mods:date id="2A12BBD8227C9FBA0F04EC0BE2AA5FB2">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="02C5163C78FB49FC13372E1DBF6BC408" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A8B5A979B083DD37C9B616D7DC09B157">4072</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="497EB038FC55430745055A96CE155E96" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="720C48169B2DD939A08A72AF5605060B">3</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B0FC176D43AFB426701959854E798F67">343</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="CC091F689241AAFFA439FF177E0DF5F4">357</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="C8F4730B507B0B06488B5BA864E10F6A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E9B5A973BAAEA4A8CC70E04158AB5526" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4072.3.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038413308A1EFFEE4FA8939F13D6FEA9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6054085" ID-GBIF-Taxon="116973326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6054085" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038413308A1EFFEE4FA8939F13D6FEA9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038413308A1EFFEE4FA8939F13D6FEA9" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
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<subSubSection id="C337F1AD8A1EFFEF4FA8939F16D5FB52" box="[151,447,1227,1254]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B92A2268A1EFFEF4FA8939F16D5FB52" blockId="6.[151,447,1227,1254]" box="[151,447,1227,1254]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
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<heading id="D0DA154A8A1EFFEF4FA8939F16D5FB52" bold="true" box="[151,447,1227,1254]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4FA8939F16D5FB52" ID-CoL="3GGD" authority="Mayr 1861" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,447,1227,1254]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4FA8939F16D5FB52" bold="true" box="[151,447,1227,1254]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4FA8939F165AFB51" bold="true" box="[151,304,1227,1253]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Camponotus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBCDFD78A1EFFEF4E08939816D5FB52" author="Mayr" box="[311,447,1228,1254]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" refString="Mayr, G. (1861) Die europaischen Formiciden. Nach der analytischen Methode bearbeitet. C. Gerolds Sohn, Wien, 80 pp. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 14089" type="book" year="1861">Mayr 1861</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C337F1AD8A1EFFEE4FA8924713D6FEA9" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B92A2268A1EFFEF4FA89247146BFAF3" blockId="6.[151,876,1298,1351]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
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<typeStatus id="54961C848A1EFFEF4FA8924717A3FA9C" box="[151,201,1299,1320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4E1992471686FA9C" box="[294,492,1298,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligniperda">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4E1992471686FA9C" box="[294,492,1298,1320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Formica ligniperda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, designated by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBCDFD78A1EFFEF4DB492461402FA9C" author="Bingham" box="[651,872,1298,1320]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" refString="Bingham, C. T. (1903) The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Hymenoptera, Vol. II. Ants and Cuckoo-wasps. Taylor and Francis, London, 506 pp." type="book" year="1903">Bingham (1903: 347)</bibRefCitation>
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. For generic synonymy see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBCDFD78A1EFFEF4E979265155CFAF3" author="Bolton" box="[424,566,1329,1351]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" refString="Bolton, B. (2003) Synopsis and classification of Formicidae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 71, 1 - 370." type="journal article" year="2003">Bolton (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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and AntCat (2015).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B92A2268A1EFFEF4FA89220124EFA38" blockId="6.[151,1436,1396,1925]" box="[151,1316,1396,1421]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
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<collectingCountry id="F33AE2B68A1EFFEF4FA8922017DCFA38" box="[151,182,1396,1420]" name="American Samoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">As</collectingCountry>
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a result of new phylogenetic findings we institute the following genus-level changes to
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4BAF92211277FA38" box="[1168,1309,1397,1420]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4BAF92211277FA38" box="[1168,1309,1397,1420]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Camponotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B92A2268A1EFFEF4FA892CC15F5F9A8" blockId="6.[151,1436,1396,1925]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
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1
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4FF892C316C2FA1B" authority="Kutter" authorityName="Kutter" box="[199,424,1431,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Forelophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4FF892C3163DFA04" box="[199,343,1431,1456]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Forelophilus</emphasis>
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Kutter
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54961C848A1EFFEF4E8492CC1687FA04" box="[443,493,1432,1456]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4D6B92C31430FA04" box="[596,858,1431,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Forelophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="overbecki">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4D6B92C31430FA04" box="[596,858,1431,1456]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Forelophilus overbecki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy) is demoted to subgenus (
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4A0092C312F9FA04" bold="true" box="[1343,1427,1431,1456]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">stat. n.</emphasis>
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) under
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4E2B92E916CBFA60" box="[276,417,1469,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4E2B92E916CBFA60" box="[276,417,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Camponotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, creating the following
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4DF992E814CEFA61" bold="true" box="[710,932,1468,1493]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">new combinations</emphasis>
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in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4CEB92E9130BFA60" box="[980,1121,1469,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4CEB92E9130BFA60" box="[980,1121,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Camponotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4B4892E8138EFA61" box="[1143,1252,1468,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Forelophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="overbecki">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4B4892E8138EFA61" box="[1143,1252,1468,1493]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">overbecki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4BC792E812FFFA61" box="[1272,1429,1468,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrhachis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="philippinensis">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4BC792E812FFFA61" box="[1272,1429,1468,1493]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">philippinensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4FF8928B160DFA4C" box="[199,359,1503,1528]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">stefanschoedli</emphasis>
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. One of these new combinations,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4DD992B414B2FA4C" authority="Kutter" authorityName="Kutter" box="[742,984,1503,1528]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Forelophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="overbecki">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4DD992B4141EFA4C" box="[742,884,1503,1528]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">C. overbecki</emphasis>
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(Kutter)
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</taxonomicName>
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, becomes a secondary junior homonym, here replaced with
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4EA39151154CF9A8" box="[412,550,1541,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javaensis">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4EA39151154CF9A8" box="[412,550,1541,1564]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">C. javaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4D09915015FAF9A9" bold="true" box="[566,656,1540,1565]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">nom. n.</emphasis>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B92A2268A1EFFEF4FA8917C152CF8AC" blockId="6.[151,1436,1396,1925]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
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2
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4FF8917316D3F9F4" authority="Stitz" authorityName="Stitz" box="[199,441,1575,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Phasmomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4FF891731610F9F4" box="[199,378,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Phasmomyrmex</emphasis>
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Stitz
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54961C848A1EFFEF4EF2917C1695F9F4" box="[461,511,1576,1600]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4D56917314EEF9F4" box="[617,900,1575,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Phasmomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sericeus">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4D56917314EEF9F4" box="[617,900,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Phasmomyrmex sericeus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4C96917D1344F9F4" box="[937,1070,1575,1600]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Phasmomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buchneri">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4C96917D1344F9F4" box="[937,1070,1575,1600]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">P. buchneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), by monotypy) is demoted to subgenus (
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4E7F911816CDF9D1" bold="true" box="[320,423,1612,1637]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">stat. rev.</emphasis>
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) under
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4D3F911915E7F9D0" box="[512,653,1613,1636]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4D3F911915E7F9D0" box="[512,653,1613,1636]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Camponotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, creating the following
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4CA1911813F4F9D1" bold="true" box="[926,1182,1612,1637]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">revived combinations</emphasis>
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(unless noted as new) in
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4FDA91241618F933" box="[229,370,1648,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4FDA91241618F933" box="[229,370,1648,1671]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Camponotus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4EBB913B1531F93C" box="[388,603,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4EBB913B1686F93C" box="[388,492,1647,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Phasmomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aberrans">aberrans</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4EC7913B1531F93C" box="[504,603,1647,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Phasmomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buchneri">buchneri</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4D53913B1443F93C" box="[620,809,1647,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Phasmomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buchneri" subSpecies="griseus">
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<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4D53913B1443F93C" box="[620,809,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">buchneri griseus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4C04913B14C9F93C" bold="true" box="[827,931,1647,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4C83913B1358F93C" box="[956,1074,1647,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4C83913B1358F93C" box="[956,1074,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">paradoxus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4B7B913B13C7F93C" bold="true" box="[1092,1197,1647,1672]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
|
),
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4BFA913B12F6F93C" box="[1221,1436,1647,1672]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4BFA913B1251F93C" box="[1221,1339,1647,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paradoxus">paradoxus</taxonomicName>
|
|
cupreus
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4FEF91C0165CF919" bold="true" box="[208,310,1684,1709]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">comb. n.</emphasis>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4E7291C016EFF919" box="[333,389,1684,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Phasmomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wolfi">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4E7291C016EFF919" box="[333,389,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">wolfi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
. One of these new combinations,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4C3D91C11333F919" authority="Santschi" authorityName="Santschi" box="[770,1113,1684,1709]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Phasmomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buchneri" subSpecies="griseus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4C3D91C114B7F918" box="[770,989,1684,1709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">C. buchneri griseus</emphasis>
|
|
(Santschi)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, becomes a secondary junior homonym, here replaced with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4D0291EC14EAF964" box="[573,896,1719,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Phasmomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="buchneri" subSpecies="camerounensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4D0291EC14EAF964" box="[573,896,1719,1744]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">C. buchneri camerounensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4CA791E31491F964" bold="true" box="[920,1019,1719,1744]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">nom. n.</emphasis>
|
|
). The two erstwhile subgenera of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4FF891881610F941" box="[199,378,1756,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Phasmomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4FF891881610F941" box="[199,378,1756,1781]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Phasmomyrmex</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4EB791881505F941" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[392,623,1756,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmorhachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4EB791881547F941" box="[392,557,1756,1781]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Myrmorhachis</emphasis>
|
|
Forel
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4D98918814F2F941" authority="Emery" authorityName="Emery" box="[679,920,1756,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmacantha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4D989188142EF941" box="[679,836,1756,1781]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Myrmacantha</emphasis>
|
|
Emery
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, are here treated as junior synonyms (
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4A7A918812F9F941" bold="true" box="[1349,1427,1756,1781]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">syn. n.</emphasis>
|
|
) of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4FDA9054152BF8AC" authority="(Phasmomyrmex)" baseAuthorityName="Phasmomyrmex" box="[229,577,1791,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4FDA90541618F8A3" box="[229,370,1792,1815]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Camponotus</emphasis>
|
|
(
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4EBC91AB155CF8AC" box="[387,566,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Phasmomyrmex</emphasis>
|
|
)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B92A2268A1EFFEF4FA890701626F830" blockId="6.[151,1436,1396,1925]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
|
|
3 The subgenera
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4E4890701551F889" authority="Mayr" authorityName="Mayr" box="[375,571,1828,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Colobopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4E489070169FF889" box="[375,501,1828,1853]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Colobopsis</emphasis>
|
|
Mayr
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4D4790711416F889" authority="Ashmead" authorityName="Ashmead" box="[632,892,1828,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Dinomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4D4790711463F888" box="[632,777,1829,1852]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Dinomyrmex</emphasis>
|
|
Ashmead
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are removed from
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4B6190711381F888" box="[1118,1259,1829,1852]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4B6190711381F888" box="[1118,1259,1829,1852]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Camponotus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and treated as separate genera (see below). The
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4D6D901C15B5F8EB" box="[594,735,1864,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4D6D901C15B5F8EB" box="[594,735,1864,1887]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Camponotus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
subgenus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4C61901D135FF8D4" authority="Forel" authorityName="Forel" box="[862,1077,1863,1888]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmogonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4C61901D1485F8D4" box="[862,1007,1865,1888]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Myrmogonia</emphasis>
|
|
Forel
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
becomes a junior synonym of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4FF89038162FF831" box="[199,325,1900,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Colobopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4FF89038162FF831" box="[199,325,1900,1925]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Colobopsis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B92A2268A1EFFEF4FF890E012F6F844" blockId="6.[151,1436,1972,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
|
|
With these changes
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4E9490E11552F878" box="[427,568,1973,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4E9490E11552F878" box="[427,568,1973,1996]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Camponotus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
now comprises 45 valid subgenera (including the nominate subgenus), with three losses (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4E11908C16C6F845" box="[302,428,2008,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Colobopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4E11908C16C6F845" box="[302,428,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Colobopsis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4E82908D1585F844" box="[445,751,2009,2032]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4E82908D153BF844" box="[445,593,2009,2032]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Dinomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dinomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4D61908D1585F844" box="[606,751,2009,2032]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Myrmogonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Myrmogonia</taxonomicName>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
; see below) and two gains (
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4B07908C13ADF845" box="[1080,1223,2008,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Forelophilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4B07908C13ADF845" box="[1080,1223,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Forelophilus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1EFFEF4BE6908C12E6F845" box="[1241,1420,2008,2033]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Phasmomyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1EFFEF4BE6908C12E6F845" box="[1241,1420,2008,2033]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="349">Phasmomyrmex</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8B92A2268A1FFFEE4FA897CC13D6FEA9" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="350">
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F33AE2B68A1FFFEE4FA897CC17DCFF04" box="[151,182,152,176]" name="American Samoa" pageId="7" pageNumber="350">As</collectingCountry>
|
|
others have commented (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBCDFD78A1FFFEE4EEB97C31509FF04" author="Bolton" box="[468,611,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="350" refString="Bolton, B. (1995) A new general catalogue of the ants of the world. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 504 pp." type="book" year="1995">Bolton 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), many of the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C2DD9A58A1FFFEE4C3D97CC14FAFF1B" box="[770,912,152,175]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1FFFEE4C3D97CC14FAFF1B" box="[770,912,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="350">Camponotus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
subgenera are poorly defined and undoubtedly represent artificial groupings (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBCDFD78A1FFFEE4ED097E815D6FF60" author="Brady" box="[495,700,188,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="350" refString="Brady, S. G., Gadau, J. & Ward, P. S. (2000) Systematics of the ant genus Camponotus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a preliminary analysis using data from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I. In: Austin, A. D. & Dowton, M. (Eds.) Hymenoptera. Evolution, biodiversity and biological control. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, pp. 131 - 139." type="book chapter" year="2000">
|
|
Brady
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1FFFEE4D0197E91512FF61" box="[574,632,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="350">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2000
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFBCDFD78A1FFFEE4DF597E814CBFF61" author="Clouse" box="[714,929,188,213]" pageId="7" pageNumber="350" refString="Clouse, R. M., Janda, M., Blanchard, B., Sharma, P., Hoffmann, B. D., Andersen, A. N., Czekanski-Moir, J. E., Krushelnycky, P., Rabeling, C., Wilson, E. O., Economo, E. P., Sarnat, E. M., General, D. M., Alpert, G. D. & Wheeler, W. C. (2015) Molecular phylogeny of Indo-Pacific carpenter ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae, Camponotus) reveals waves of dispersal and colonization from diverse source areas. Cladistics, 31, 424 - 437. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / cla. 12099" type="journal article" year="2015">
|
|
Clouse
|
|
<emphasis id="B9597E348A1FFFEE4C1F97E91430FF61" box="[800,858,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="350">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2015
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Nevertheless, until a global revision of the genus is carried out, we prefer to retain the subgeneric classification—at least some of the groups are distinctive and evidently monophyletic, and thus serve to keep clusters of closely related species together.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |