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<document id="146E49DB5804AD07A07CEB7C20A9BC71" ID-CLB-Dataset="123829" ID-DOI="10.1111/zoj.12199" ID-GBIF-Dataset="02f79ff2-493a-449e-8206-5662abfa5c52" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5331625" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630169864101" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Lopardo, Lara &amp; Hormiga, Gustavo" docDate="2015" docId="03832D7710B8939FFEE4E5F1FF725D2C" docLanguage="en" docName="zoj12199.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 173 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12199" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37.3:ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Mysmenopsis Simon 1897" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="781" masterDocId="FFBA550F10469360FFC3E17AFF985E2F" masterDocTitle="Out of the twilight zone: phylogeny and evolutionary morphology of the orb-weaving spider family Mysmenidae, with a focus on spinneret spigot morphology in symphytognathoids (Araneae, Araneoidea)" masterLastPageNumber="786" masterPageNumber="527" pageNumber="781" updateTime="1699186269595" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B006BB5A737F1679EEE0D73F187B6F86">Out of the twilight zone: phylogeny and evolutionary morphology of the orb-weaving spider family Mysmenidae, with a focus on spinneret spigot morphology in symphytognathoids (Araneae, Araneoidea)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="43977FD4EFD0879ED42B3A4F73E70D7C">2015</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C330CFEA10B8939EFEE4E5F1FDC75AB0" box="[295,607,1162,1184]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B959C6110B8939EFEE4E5F1FDC75AB0" blockId="254.[153,750,1162,1216]" box="[295,607,1162,1184]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
<heading id="D0DD2B0D10B8939EFEE4E5F1FDC75AB0" box="[295,607,1162,1184]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFEE4E5F1FDC75AB0" ID-CoL="5WSN" ID-ENA="2774004" authority="SIMON 1897" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[295,607,1162,1184]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFEE4E5F1FE535A8F" box="[295,459,1163,1184]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">MYSMENOPSIS</emphasis>
SIMON 1897
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<paragraph id="8B959C6110B8939EFF5AE5D0FD765AEF" blockId="254.[153,750,1162,1216]" box="[153,750,1194,1216]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
(
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFF62E5D0FEBE5AEF" box="[161,294,1194,1216]" captionStart-0="Figure 53" captionStart-1="Figure 54" captionStart-2="Figure 55" captionStart-3="Figure 56" captionStart-4="Figure 57" captionStart-5="Figure 58" captionStart-6="Figure 59" captionStart-7="Figure 60" captionStart-8="Figure 61" captionStart-9="Figure 62" captionStartId-0="70.[144,223,1755,1774]" captionStartId-1="71.[164,241,1622,1641]" captionStartId-2="72.[144,223,1507,1526]" captionStartId-3="73.[164,243,1558,1577]" captionStartId-4="74.[144,224,1789,1808]" captionStartId-5="75.[164,242,1821,1840]" captionStartId-6="76.[144,223,1646,1665]" captionStartId-7="77.[164,242,1797,1816]" captionStartId-8="78.[144,223,1116,1135]" captionStartId-9="79.[164,244,1795,1814]" captionTargetBox-0="[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1445,195,1592]" captionTargetBox-2="[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetBox-3="[164,1445,195,1528]" captionTargetBox-4="[162,1404,194,1760]" captionTargetBox-5="[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetBox-6="[144,1424,193,1615]" captionTargetBox-7="[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetBox-8="[144,1425,195,1085]" captionTargetBox-9="[214,1392,193,1765]" captionTargetId-0="figure-0@70.[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetId-1="figure-52@71.[164,1445,195,1592]" captionTargetId-2="figure-122@72.[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetId-3="figure-111@73.[164,1445,195,1528]" captionTargetId-4="figure-0@74.[162,1404,194,1760]" captionTargetId-5="figure-0@75.[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetId-6="figure-0@76.[144,1424,193,1616]" captionTargetId-7="figure-0@77.[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetId-8="figure-352@78.[144,1425,195,1086]" captionTargetId-9="figure-0@79.[214,1392,193,1765]" captionTargetPageId-0="70" captionTargetPageId-1="71" captionTargetPageId-2="72" captionTargetPageId-3="73" captionTargetPageId-4="74" captionTargetPageId-5="75" captionTargetPageId-6="76" captionTargetPageId-7="77" captionTargetPageId-8="78" captionTargetPageId-9="79" captionText-0="Figure 53. Mysmenopsis cidrelicola (Mysmenidae), male paralectotype. A–F, left palp; A, retrolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral–ventral view; D, bulb and cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial hollow area; F, bulb and cymbium, retrolateral–ventral view. G, abdomen, pedicel area; H, posterior spinnerets. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." captionText-1="Figure 54. Mysmenopsis cidrelicola (Mysmenidae), male paralectotype. A, ocular area, frontal view; B, mouthparts, ventral view. C–G, left leg I; C, tibia and metatarsus, prolateral view; D, metatarsal clasping spine, dorsal view; E, tarsus, dorsal view; F, same, detail of tarsal organ; G, tarsus, prolateral view. H, femur, prolateral–ventral view." captionText-2="Figure 55. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae), male left palp. A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral view; D, tibia, detail from figure A, prolateral view; E, same, detail from figure C, retrolateral view; F, distal view; G, embolus and tip of cymbium, detail from figure A, prolateral view; H, detail of tibial hollow area, ventral view; I, same, detail of spur. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." captionText-3="Figure 56. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae): A, B, E–G, male; C, D, female. A, left patella III, dorsal view; B, left leg II, claws; C, abdomen, epigynal area, ventral view; D, same, colulus, posterior respiratory spiracle and spinnerets, ventral view; E, epiandrous spigots; F, left tarsus I, dorsal view; G, mouthparts, ventral view." captionText-4="Figure 57. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae), left legs I: A–E, female; F–J, male. A, femur, prolateral view; B, same, retrolateral view; C, same, detail of stridulatory area; D, same, detail from panel C; E, femoral projection, detail from panel A; F, dorsal view; G, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, prolateral view; H, metatarsal clasping spines; I, same, detail of strongest clasping spine; J, tibial clasping spines." captionText-5="Figure 58. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H, female. A–E, left palp; A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, distal view; D, embolus and distal cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial spurs. F, posterior median spinnerets; G, H, posterior lateral spinneret. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." captionText-6="Figure 59. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H–I, female. B, D, F, left legs, prolateral view. A, prosoma, lateral view; B, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, leg I; C, ocular area, frontal view; D, tarsus I; E, mouthparts, detail from figure G, ventral view; F, femur IV, detail of stridulatory area; G, prosoma, ventral view; H, epigynum, ventral view; I, spinning field and posterior respiratory spiracle, posterior view." captionText-7="Figure 60. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–F, male right palp, inverted; G, H, female digested abdomen. A, ventral view; B, same, detail of tibial hollow area; C, distal view; D, same, detail of embolus and cymbium; E, tibial spurs, detail from panel B; F, embolus and distal cymbium; G, posterior tracheal system; H, anterior tracheal system and vulva. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." captionText-8="Figure 61. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae), female. A, epigynum, ventral view; B, same, posterior view; C, left anterior lateral spinneret; D, right posterior median spinneret. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." captionText-9="Figure 62. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–D, female; E–H, male left leg I. A, right palpal tibia, dorsal view; B, right maxilla; C, labrum; D, right chelicera, distal view. E, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, prolateral view; F, same, detail of tibial clasping spine; G, metatarsus–tarsus junction, dorsal view; H, tarsal organ. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331691" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371469" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371471" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371473" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331693" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371475" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371478" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331695" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371480" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371482" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5331691/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5371469/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/5371471/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/5371473/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/5331693/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/5371475/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/5371478/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/5331695/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/5371480/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/5371482/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">FIGS 53–62</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFEF0E5D0FEEB5A90" box="[307,371,1194,1215]" captionStart="Figure 128" captionStartId="144.[144,223,1784,1803]" captionTargetBox="[171,1404,198,1751]" captionTargetId="figure-0@144.[162,1404,193,1754]" captionTargetPageId="144" captionText="Figure 128. Mysmenidae female genitalia, cleared: A, Isela okuncana, dorsal view; B, Maymena mayana, dorsal view; C, Kilifina-MYSM-002-KENYA (Isela sp.), from Kwale, Kenya, dorsal view; D, Maymena ambita, ventral view; E, Maymena rica, dorsal view; F, Trogloneta granulum, ventral view; G, Mysmenopsis dipluramigo, dorsal view. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371567" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371567/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">128G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFE43E5D0FE785A90" box="[384,480,1194,1215]" captionStart="Figure 131" captionStartId="147.[164,242,1731,1750]" captionTargetBox="[219,1397,202,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-0@147.[209,1400,194,1701]" captionTargetPageId="147" captionText="Figure 131. Mysmenidae male left palp (unless otherwise stated), cleared: A, Mysmenopsis penai, retrolateral view, right palp, inverted; B, Mysmenopsis dipluramigo, retrolateral view; C, Mysmenopsis cidrelicola, presumably paralectotype, retrolateral view, right palp, inverted; D, Kilifina-MYSM-002-KENYA (Isela sp.), from Kwale, Kenya, ventral view, right palp, inverted; E, Trogloneta granulum, ventral view; F, Trogloneta cantareira, ventral view; G, Kilifina-MYSM-002- KENYA (Isela sp.), from Kwale, Kenya, dorsal view, right palp, inverted; H, Isela okuncana, ventral view; I, Maymena ambita, ventral view; J, Maymena mayana, ventral view. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371573/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">131A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFE2FE5D0FDD55A90" box="[492,589,1194,1215]" captionStart="Figure 140" captionStartId="156.[144,223,1723,1742]" captionTargetBox="[189,1380,194,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-0@156.[189,1380,194,1693]" captionTargetPageId="156" captionText="Figure 140. Composite images of Mysmenidae species: Mysmenopsinae and Maymena. A–C, Isela okuncana; A, female, lateral view; B, female, ventral view; C, male, ventral view. D–F, Kilifina-MYSM-002-KENYA (Isela sp.), from Kwale, Kenya; D, female, lateral view; E, male, lateral view; F, male, ventral view. G, H, Mysmenopsis dipluramigo; G, female, lateral view; H, male, lateral view. I, Mysmenopsis palpalis, female, ventral view. J, K, Mysmenopsis cidrelicola, male paralectotype; J, lateral view; K, ventral view. L, Mysmenopsis penai, female, dorsal view. M–O, Maymena ambita; M, male, lateral view; N, female, lateral view; O, female, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–I, L–O, 0.5 mm; J, K, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371583/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">140G–L</figureCitation>
: CLADE C190)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330CFEA10B8939EFF53E5ABFD7B5BD5" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3ABB4F10B8939EFF53E5ABFE485B4F" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFF53E5ABFE7D5AC8" authority="Bryant, 1940: 350" authorityName="Bryant" authorityPageNumber="350" authorityYear="1940" box="[144,485,1233,1255]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Lucarachne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFF53E5ABFE8C5AC9" box="[144,276,1233,1254]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Lucarachne</emphasis>
Bryant, 1940: 350
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="549122C310B8939EFE37E5ABFDBD5AC9" box="[500,549,1233,1254]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">type</typeStatus>
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFDEEE5A8FF535B29" authority="Bryant, 1940" authorityName="Bryant" authorityYear="1940" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Lucarachne" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFDEEE5A8FD015AC9" box="[557,665,1233,1255]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">L. tibialis</emphasis>
Bryant, 1940
</taxonomicName>
).
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFF21E58AFE075B2A" box="[226,415,1263,1285]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Kraus, 1955: 30</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFE6CE58AFD1E5B2A" box="[431,646,1263,1285]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Forster, 1959: 328</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFD56E595FEBA5B0C" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Gertsch, 1960a: 28–29</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFEEEE474FDC25B0B" box="[301,602,1294,1316]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Platnick &amp; Shadab, 1978: 5</treatmentCitation>
(synonymized to
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFF6DE457FEDD5B6D" ID-CoL="5WSN" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[174,325,1325,1346]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFF6DE457FEDD5B6D" box="[174,325,1325,1346]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Mysmenopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFE9EE457FDD25B6D" box="[349,586,1324,1347]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Chickering, 1960: 95</treatmentCitation>
(misidentification).
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFF16E431FE555B4F" box="[213,461,1355,1377]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Wunderlich, 1978: 29</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B959C6110B8939EFF6BE410FD7B5BD5" blockId="254.[144,759,1233,1530]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3ABB4F10B8939EFF6BE410FD7B5BD5" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFF6BE410FD965BAF" ID-CoL="5WSN" authority="Simon, 1897: 865" authorityName="Simon" authorityPageNumber="865" authorityYear="1897" box="[168,526,1386,1408]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFF6BE410FEA75B50" box="[168,319,1386,1407]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Mysmenopsis</emphasis>
Simon, 1897: 865
</taxonomicName>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFDD9E410FD6A5B50" box="[538,754,1386,1408]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Gertsch, 1960a: 23</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFF53E4F2FD6B5BB1" box="[144,755,1416,1438]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Platnick &amp; Shadab, 1978: 5–20 (revision of the genus)</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFF53E4DDFEC15B92" box="[144,345,1447,1469]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Müller, 1987: 185</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFEA7E4DDFD3C5B92" box="[356,676,1447,1469]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Coyle &amp; Meigs, 1989: 61–66</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFD73E4DDFE965BF4" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Baert, 1990: 5–17</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFED9E4BCFF7C5BD6" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Platnick, in Eberhard, Platnick &amp; Schuh, 1993: 8</treatmentCitation>
.
<treatmentCitation id="0A8BBA7010B8939EFF31E49EFD465BD5" box="[242,734,1508,1530]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Jocqué &amp; Dippenaar-Schoeman, 2006: 176</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330CFEA10B8939EFF53E75FFE9D58B9" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8B959C6110B8939EFF53E75FFE815815" blockId="254.[144,758,1573,1686]" box="[144,281,1573,1594]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFF53E75FFE815815" box="[144,281,1573,1594]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
<typeStatus id="549122C310B8939EFF53E75FFF5C5815" box="[144,196,1573,1594]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B959C6110B8939EFF53E739FE9D58B9" blockId="254.[144,758,1573,1686]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFF53E739FDC45877" ID-CoL="45FG9" authority="Simon 1897" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[144,604,1603,1625]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="femoralis">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFF53E739FE2E5877" box="[144,438,1603,1624]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Mysmenopsis femoralis</emphasis>
Simon 1897
</taxonomicName>
by original designation,
<typeStatus id="549122C310B8939EFEE0E718FEE45858" box="[291,380,1634,1655]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
material in BMNH and MNHN, examined.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330CFEA10B8939EFF53E7BAFA155BCE" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B959C6110B8939EFF53E7BAFDAA58FA" blockId="254.[144,759,1728,1903]" box="[144,562,1728,1749]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFF53E7BAFDAA58FA" box="[144,562,1728,1749]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Familial placement and composition</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B959C6110B8939EFF53E7A4FB165F18" blockId="254.[144,759,1728,1903]" lastBlockId="254.[806,1421,198,311]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
Transferred to
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFE81E7A4FDBF58DB" authorityName="Hickman" authorityYear="1931" box="[322,551,1758,1780]" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Symphytognathidae</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFDB1E7A4FD6E58DB" authorityName=", Agnarsson" authorityYear="2004" box="[626,758,1758,1780]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Theridiidae</taxonomicName>
by Gertsch (1960a), and to
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFDCCE787FD34593C" box="[527,684,1789,1811]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mysmenidae</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFF53E661FEE9591E" authorityName="Hickman" authorityYear="1931" box="[144,369,1819,1841]" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Symphytognathidae</taxonomicName>
by Forster &amp; Platnick (1977). Our working phylogenetic hypothesis places
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFDA3E641FD6F597F" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[608,759,1851,1872]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFDA3E641FD6F597F" box="[608,759,1851,1872]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Mysmenopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as sister to
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFED0E623FED05941" authorityName="Griswold" authorityYear="1985" box="[275,328,1881,1902]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Isela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFED0E623FED05941" box="[275,328,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Isela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFD81E623FD6E5940" box="[578,758,1881,1903]" family="Mysmenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mysmenopsinae">Mysmenopsinae</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFCEDE1BCFC045EF3" box="[814,924,198,220]" captionStart="Figure 161" captionStartId="192.[144,221,1256,1275]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,433,1225]" captionTargetId="figure-272@192.[144,1425,474,1226]" captionTargetPageId="192" captionText="Figure 161. Hypothesis of relationships within Mysmenidae, taken from the results of the combined analysis from Lopardo et al. (2011) (see Fig. 160). New taxonomic (i.e. generic) status as proposed in our study is assigned to each representative; new combinations are emphasized in bold. Unambiguous morphological character optimizations are shown for every branch in the tree. Numbers below each node indicate node numbers. Empty and filled boxes represent homoplasious and non-homoplasious transformations, respectively. Major clades representing taxonomic decisions discussed in the text are highlighted in grey boxes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371617" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371617/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 161B</figureCitation>
). Currently, the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFB76E1BCFAD45EF4" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[1205,1356,198,219]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFB76E1BCFAD45EF4" box="[1205,1356,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Mysmenopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises 27 described species (Platnick, 2014), and is here represented by four species:
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFBABE07EFA8F5F37" box="[1128,1303,259,281]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dipluramigo">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFBABE07EFA8F5F37" box="[1128,1303,259,281]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">M. dipluramigo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFAE6E07EFA1E5F36" box="[1317,1414,260,281]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penai">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFAE6E07EFA1E5F36" box="[1317,1414,260,281]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">M. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFCE5E058FC595F19" box="[806,961,289,311]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cidrelicola">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFCE5E058FC595F19" box="[806,961,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">M. cidrelicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFBC5E058FB1F5F19" box="[1030,1159,289,311]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palpalis">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFBC5E058FB1F5F19" box="[1030,1159,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">M. palpalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B959C6110B8939EFCE5E025FC3B5F5B" blockId="254.[806,1422,351,1505]" box="[806,931,351,372]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFCE5E025FC3B5F5B" box="[806,931,351,372]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Monophyly</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B959C6110B8939EFCE5E007FA155BCE" blockId="254.[806,1422,351,1505]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
Morphological synapomorphies of
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFB5DE004FAA85FBC" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[1182,1328,382,403]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFB5DE004FAA85FBC" box="[1182,1328,382,403]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Mysmenopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include: anterior atria connected by membranous duct (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFAE1E0E6FA195F9D" box="[1314,1409,412,434]" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="77.[164,242,1797,1816]" captionTargetBox="[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-0@77.[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Figure 60. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–F, male right palp, inverted; G, H, female digested abdomen. A, ventral view; B, same, detail of tibial hollow area; C, distal view; D, same, detail of embolus and cymbium; E, tibial spurs, detail from panel B; F, embolus and distal cymbium; G, posterior tracheal system; H, anterior tracheal system and vulva. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331695/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 60H</figureCitation>
); posterior lateral tracheae branching into several tracheoles (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFC65E0A3FB9E5FC0" box="[934,1030,473,495]" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="77.[164,242,1797,1816]" captionTargetBox="[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-0@77.[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Figure 60. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–F, male right palp, inverted; G, H, female digested abdomen. A, ventral view; B, same, detail of tibial hollow area; C, distal view; D, same, detail of embolus and cymbium; E, tibial spurs, detail from panel B; F, embolus and distal cymbium; G, posterior tracheal system; H, anterior tracheal system and vulva. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331695/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 60G</figureCitation>
); wide posterior spiracular opening (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFCEDE082FC105C21" box="[814,904,504,526]" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="76.[144,223,1646,1665]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,193,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-0@76.[144,1424,193,1616]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Figure 59. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H–I, female. B, D, F, left legs, prolateral view. A, prosoma, lateral view; B, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, leg I; C, ocular area, frontal view; D, tarsus I; E, mouthparts, detail from figure G, ventral view; F, femur IV, detail of stridulatory area; G, prosoma, ventral view; H, epigynum, ventral view; I, spinning field and posterior respiratory spiracle, posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371478/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 59I</figureCitation>
); distal labium concave (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB61E082FA915C21" box="[1186,1289,504,526]" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="71.[164,241,1622,1641]" captionTargetBox="[164,1445,195,1592]" captionTargetId="figure-52@71.[164,1445,195,1592]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Figure 54. Mysmenopsis cidrelicola (Mysmenidae), male paralectotype. A, ocular area, frontal view; B, mouthparts, ventral view. C–G, left leg I; C, tibia and metatarsus, prolateral view; D, metatarsal clasping spine, dorsal view; E, tarsus, dorsal view; F, same, detail of tarsal organ; G, tarsus, prolateral view. H, femur, prolateral–ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371469/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Figs 54B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFAD6E082FADD5C21" box="[1301,1349,504,526]" captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="73.[164,243,1558,1577]" captionTargetBox="[164,1445,195,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-111@73.[164,1445,195,1528]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Figure 56. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae): A, B, E–G, male; C, D, female. A, left patella III, dorsal view; B, left leg II, claws; C, abdomen, epigynal area, ventral view; D, same, colulus, posterior respiratory spiracle and spinnerets, ventral view; E, epiandrous spigots; F, left tarsus I, dorsal view; G, mouthparts, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371473/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">56G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFA91E082FA195C21" box="[1362,1409,504,526]" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="76.[144,223,1646,1665]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,193,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-0@76.[144,1424,193,1616]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Figure 59. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H–I, female. B, D, F, left legs, prolateral view. A, prosoma, lateral view; B, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, leg I; C, ocular area, frontal view; D, tarsus I; E, mouthparts, detail from figure G, ventral view; F, femur IV, detail of stridulatory area; G, prosoma, ventral view; H, epigynum, ventral view; I, spinning field and posterior respiratory spiracle, posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371478/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">59E</figureCitation>
); relatively higher proportion of maxillary clavate setae (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFCEDE34FFC095C64" box="[814,913,565,587]" captionStart="Figure 62" captionStartId="79.[164,244,1795,1814]" captionTargetBox="[214,1392,193,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-0@79.[214,1392,193,1765]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="Figure 62. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–D, female; E–H, male left leg I. A, right palpal tibia, dorsal view; B, right maxilla; C, labrum; D, right chelicera, distal view. E, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, prolateral view; F, same, detail of tibial clasping spine; G, metatarsus–tarsus junction, dorsal view; H, tarsal organ. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371482" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371482/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 62B</figureCitation>
); and four or more colular setae (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFAE7E34FFA105C64" box="[1316,1416,565,587]" captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="73.[164,243,1558,1577]" captionTargetBox="[164,1445,195,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-111@73.[164,1445,195,1528]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Figure 56. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae): A, B, E–G, male; C, D, female. A, left patella III, dorsal view; B, left leg II, claws; C, abdomen, epigynal area, ventral view; D, same, colulus, posterior respiratory spiracle and spinnerets, ventral view; E, epiandrous spigots; F, left tarsus I, dorsal view; G, mouthparts, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371473/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 56D</figureCitation>
; three or less setae in
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFBDAE32EFB0F5C47" box="[1049,1175,595,617]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palpalis">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFBDAE32EFB0F5C47" box="[1049,1175,595,617]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">M. palpalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB66E329FB655C46" box="[1189,1277,595,617]" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="76.[144,223,1646,1665]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,193,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-0@76.[144,1424,193,1616]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Figure 59. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H–I, female. B, D, F, left legs, prolateral view. A, prosoma, lateral view; B, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, leg I; C, ocular area, frontal view; D, tarsus I; E, mouthparts, detail from figure G, ventral view; F, femur IV, detail of stridulatory area; G, prosoma, ventral view; H, epigynum, ventral view; I, spinning field and posterior respiratory spiracle, posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371478/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 59I</figureCitation>
); males with prolateral row of modified setae occupying only distal half of tarsus I (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFC10E3EBFBAE5C88" box="[979,1078,657,679]" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="71.[164,241,1622,1641]" captionTargetBox="[164,1445,195,1592]" captionTargetId="figure-52@71.[164,1445,195,1592]" captionTargetPageId="71" captionText="Figure 54. Mysmenopsis cidrelicola (Mysmenidae), male paralectotype. A, ocular area, frontal view; B, mouthparts, ventral view. C–G, left leg I; C, tibia and metatarsus, prolateral view; D, metatarsal clasping spine, dorsal view; E, tarsus, dorsal view; F, same, detail of tarsal organ; G, tarsus, prolateral view. H, femur, prolateral–ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371469/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Figs 54G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB83E3EBFBF75C88" box="[1088,1135,657,679]" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="76.[144,223,1646,1665]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,193,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-0@76.[144,1424,193,1616]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Figure 59. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H–I, female. B, D, F, left legs, prolateral view. A, prosoma, lateral view; B, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, leg I; C, ocular area, frontal view; D, tarsus I; E, mouthparts, detail from figure G, ventral view; F, femur IV, detail of stridulatory area; G, prosoma, ventral view; H, epigynum, ventral view; I, spinning field and posterior respiratory spiracle, posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371478/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">59D</figureCitation>
); with prolateral cymbium (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFCEDE3D5FC2A5CEA" box="[814,946,687,709]" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="76.[144,223,1646,1665]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,193,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-0@76.[144,1424,193,1616]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Figure 59. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H–I, female. B, D, F, left legs, prolateral view. A, prosoma, lateral view; B, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, leg I; C, ocular area, frontal view; D, tarsus I; E, mouthparts, detail from figure G, ventral view; F, femur IV, detail of stridulatory area; G, prosoma, ventral view; H, epigynum, ventral view; I, spinning field and posterior respiratory spiracle, posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371478/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 59A, G</figureCitation>
) without internal cymbial conductor and cymbial fold (CyC1 and CyF;
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB43E3B4FB715CCB" box="[1152,1257,718,740]" captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="70.[144,223,1755,1774]" captionTargetBox="[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-0@70.[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figure 53. Mysmenopsis cidrelicola (Mysmenidae), male paralectotype. A–F, left palp; A, retrolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral–ventral view; D, bulb and cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial hollow area; F, bulb and cymbium, retrolateral–ventral view. G, abdomen, pedicel area; H, posterior spinnerets. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331691/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Figs 53D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB34E3B4FAB05CCB" box="[1271,1320,718,740]" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="72.[144,223,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-122@72.[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Figure 55. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae), male left palp. A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral view; D, tibia, detail from figure A, prolateral view; E, same, detail from figure C, retrolateral view; F, distal view; G, embolus and tip of cymbium, detail from figure A, prolateral view; H, detail of tibial hollow area, ventral view; I, same, detail of spur. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371471/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">55G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFAF5E3B4FCA05D2D" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="77.[164,242,1797,1816]" captionTargetBox="[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-0@77.[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Figure 60. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–F, male right palp, inverted; G, H, female digested abdomen. A, ventral view; B, same, detail of tibial hollow area; C, distal view; D, same, detail of embolus and cymbium; E, tibial spurs, detail from panel B; F, embolus and distal cymbium; G, posterior tracheal system; H, anterior tracheal system and vulva. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331695/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">60C, D, F</figureCitation>
); short apical bifid embolus of lobed or weakly projected embolic base and with membranous (flexible) embolus–tegulum junction (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB90E250FB2E5D10" box="[1107,1206,809,832]" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="72.[144,223,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-122@72.[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Figure 55. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae), male left palp. A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral view; D, tibia, detail from figure A, prolateral view; E, same, detail from figure C, retrolateral view; F, distal view; G, embolus and tip of cymbium, detail from figure A, prolateral view; H, detail of tibial hollow area, ventral view; I, same, detail of spur. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371471/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Figs 55G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB02E253FB685D10" box="[1217,1264,809,831]" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="75.[164,242,1821,1840]" captionTargetBox="[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-0@75.[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="Figure 58. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H, female. A–E, left palp; A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, distal view; D, embolus and distal cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial spurs. F, posterior median spinnerets; G, H, posterior lateral spinneret. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371475/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">58D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB39E250FADC5D10" box="[1274,1348,810,832]" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="77.[164,242,1797,1816]" captionTargetBox="[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-0@77.[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Figure 60. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–F, male right palp, inverted; G, H, female digested abdomen. A, ventral view; B, same, detail of tibial hollow area; C, distal view; D, same, detail of embolus and cymbium; E, tibial spurs, detail from panel B; F, embolus and distal cymbium; G, posterior tracheal system; H, anterior tracheal system and vulva. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331695/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">60D, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFA8CE250FCA25D71" captionStart="Figure 131" captionStartId="147.[164,242,1731,1750]" captionTargetBox="[219,1397,202,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-0@147.[209,1400,194,1701]" captionTargetPageId="147" captionText="Figure 131. Mysmenidae male left palp (unless otherwise stated), cleared: A, Mysmenopsis penai, retrolateral view, right palp, inverted; B, Mysmenopsis dipluramigo, retrolateral view; C, Mysmenopsis cidrelicola, presumably paralectotype, retrolateral view, right palp, inverted; D, Kilifina-MYSM-002-KENYA (Isela sp.), from Kwale, Kenya, ventral view, right palp, inverted; E, Trogloneta granulum, ventral view; F, Trogloneta cantareira, ventral view; G, Kilifina-MYSM-002- KENYA (Isela sp.), from Kwale, Kenya, dorsal view, right palp, inverted; H, Isela okuncana, ventral view; I, Maymena ambita, ventral view; J, Maymena mayana, ventral view. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371573/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">131A, C</figureCitation>
); globose palpal tibia (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB85E232FB565D71" box="[1094,1230,840,862]" captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="70.[144,223,1755,1774]" captionTargetBox="[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-0@70.[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figure 53. Mysmenopsis cidrelicola (Mysmenidae), male paralectotype. A–F, left palp; A, retrolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral–ventral view; D, bulb and cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial hollow area; F, bulb and cymbium, retrolateral–ventral view. G, abdomen, pedicel area; H, posterior spinnerets. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331691/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Figs 53A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB1FE232FAB35D71" box="[1244,1323,840,862]" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="72.[144,223,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-122@72.[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Figure 55. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae), male left palp. A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral view; D, tibia, detail from figure A, prolateral view; E, same, detail from figure C, retrolateral view; F, distal view; G, embolus and tip of cymbium, detail from figure A, prolateral view; H, detail of tibial hollow area, ventral view; I, same, detail of spur. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371471/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">55A–E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFAF9E232FA115D71" box="[1338,1417,840,862]" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="75.[164,242,1821,1840]" captionTargetBox="[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-0@75.[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="Figure 58. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H, female. A–E, left palp; A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, distal view; D, embolus and distal cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial spurs. F, posterior median spinnerets; G, H, posterior lateral spinneret. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371475/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">58A–B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFCE5E21DFCCD5D52" box="[806,853,871,893]" captionStart="Figure 59" captionStartId="76.[144,223,1646,1665]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,193,1615]" captionTargetId="figure-0@76.[144,1424,193,1616]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="Figure 59. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H–I, female. B, D, F, left legs, prolateral view. A, prosoma, lateral view; B, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, leg I; C, ocular area, frontal view; D, tarsus I; E, mouthparts, detail from figure G, ventral view; F, femur IV, detail of stridulatory area; G, prosoma, ventral view; H, epigynum, ventral view; I, spinning field and posterior respiratory spiracle, posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371478" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371478/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">59A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFC9CE21DFC165D52" box="[863,910,871,893]" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="77.[164,242,1797,1816]" captionTargetBox="[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-0@77.[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Figure 60. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–F, male right palp, inverted; G, H, female digested abdomen. A, ventral view; B, same, detail of tibial hollow area; C, distal view; D, same, detail of embolus and cymbium; E, tibial spurs, detail from panel B; F, embolus and distal cymbium; G, posterior tracheal system; H, anterior tracheal system and vulva. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331695/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">60A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFC5BE21DFC495D52" box="[920,977,871,893]" captionStart="Figure 131" captionStartId="147.[164,242,1731,1750]" captionTargetBox="[219,1397,202,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-0@147.[209,1400,194,1701]" captionTargetPageId="147" captionText="Figure 131. Mysmenidae male left palp (unless otherwise stated), cleared: A, Mysmenopsis penai, retrolateral view, right palp, inverted; B, Mysmenopsis dipluramigo, retrolateral view; C, Mysmenopsis cidrelicola, presumably paralectotype, retrolateral view, right palp, inverted; D, Kilifina-MYSM-002-KENYA (Isela sp.), from Kwale, Kenya, ventral view, right palp, inverted; E, Trogloneta granulum, ventral view; F, Trogloneta cantareira, ventral view; G, Kilifina-MYSM-002- KENYA (Isela sp.), from Kwale, Kenya, dorsal view, right palp, inverted; H, Isela okuncana, ventral view; I, Maymena ambita, ventral view; J, Maymena mayana, ventral view. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371573/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">131A</figureCitation>
) with apical hollow area (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB28E21DFAD55D52" box="[1259,1357,871,893]" captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="70.[144,223,1755,1774]" captionTargetBox="[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-0@70.[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figure 53. Mysmenopsis cidrelicola (Mysmenidae), male paralectotype. A–F, left palp; A, retrolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral–ventral view; D, bulb and cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial hollow area; F, bulb and cymbium, retrolateral–ventral view. G, abdomen, pedicel area; H, posterior spinnerets. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331691/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Figs 53E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFA9AE21DFA115D52" box="[1369,1417,871,893]" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="72.[144,223,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-122@72.[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Figure 55. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae), male left palp. A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral view; D, tibia, detail from figure A, prolateral view; E, same, detail from figure C, retrolateral view; F, distal view; G, embolus and tip of cymbium, detail from figure A, prolateral view; H, detail of tibial hollow area, ventral view; I, same, detail of spur. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371471/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">55H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFCE5E2FFFCEA5DB4" box="[806,882,901,923]" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="75.[164,242,1821,1840]" captionTargetBox="[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-0@75.[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="Figure 58. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H, female. A–E, left palp; A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, distal view; D, embolus and distal cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial spurs. F, posterior median spinnerets; G, H, posterior lateral spinneret. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371475/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">58A, B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFCBDE2FFFC335DB4" box="[894,939,901,923]" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="77.[164,242,1797,1816]" captionTargetBox="[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-0@77.[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Figure 60. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–F, male right palp, inverted; G, H, female digested abdomen. A, ventral view; B, same, detail of tibial hollow area; C, distal view; D, same, detail of embolus and cymbium; E, tibial spurs, detail from panel B; F, embolus and distal cymbium; G, posterior tracheal system; H, anterior tracheal system and vulva. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331695/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">60B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFC74E2FCFB895DB3" box="[951,1041,902,924]" captionStart="Figure 131" captionStartId="147.[164,242,1731,1750]" captionTargetBox="[219,1397,202,1697]" captionTargetId="figure-0@147.[209,1400,194,1701]" captionTargetPageId="147" captionText="Figure 131. Mysmenidae male left palp (unless otherwise stated), cleared: A, Mysmenopsis penai, retrolateral view, right palp, inverted; B, Mysmenopsis dipluramigo, retrolateral view; C, Mysmenopsis cidrelicola, presumably paralectotype, retrolateral view, right palp, inverted; D, Kilifina-MYSM-002-KENYA (Isela sp.), from Kwale, Kenya, ventral view, right palp, inverted; E, Trogloneta granulum, ventral view; F, Trogloneta cantareira, ventral view; G, Kilifina-MYSM-002- KENYA (Isela sp.), from Kwale, Kenya, dorsal view, right palp, inverted; H, Isela okuncana, ventral view; I, Maymena ambita, ventral view; J, Maymena mayana, ventral view. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371573/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">131A–C</figureCitation>
); and females with a distal ventral femoral I projection (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFBE4E2DEFB455D96" box="[1063,1245,932,954]" captionStart="Figure 57" captionStartId="74.[144,224,1789,1808]" captionTargetBox="[162,1404,194,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-0@74.[162,1404,194,1760]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Figure 57. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae), left legs I: A–E, female; F–J, male. A, femur, prolateral view; B, same, retrolateral view; C, same, detail of stridulatory area; D, same, detail from panel C; E, femoral projection, detail from panel A; F, dorsal view; G, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, prolateral view; H, metatarsal clasping spines; I, same, detail of strongest clasping spine; J, tibial clasping spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331693/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Figs 57A, B, E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB2DE2DEFAA85D95" box="[1262,1328,932,954]" captionStart="Figure 140" captionStartId="156.[144,223,1723,1742]" captionTargetBox="[189,1380,194,1691]" captionTargetId="figure-0@156.[189,1380,194,1693]" captionTargetPageId="156" captionText="Figure 140. Composite images of Mysmenidae species: Mysmenopsinae and Maymena. A–C, Isela okuncana; A, female, lateral view; B, female, ventral view; C, male, ventral view. D–F, Kilifina-MYSM-002-KENYA (Isela sp.), from Kwale, Kenya; D, female, lateral view; E, male, lateral view; F, male, ventral view. G, H, Mysmenopsis dipluramigo; G, female, lateral view; H, male, lateral view. I, Mysmenopsis palpalis, female, ventral view. J, K, Mysmenopsis cidrelicola, male paralectotype; J, lateral view; K, ventral view. L, Mysmenopsis penai, female, dorsal view. M–O, Maymena ambita; M, male, lateral view; N, female, lateral view; O, female, dorsal view. Scale bars: A–I, L–O, 0.5 mm; J, K, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371583" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371583/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">140G</figureCitation>
). Other
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFCE5E2B9FB8D5DF6" box="[806,1045,963,985]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFCE5E2B9FC245DF7" box="[806,956,963,984]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Mysmenopsis</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
have either a femoral spot or no structure at all (Platnick &amp; Shadab, 1978), although it is unclear whether the presence of the spot is plesiomorphic for the family or whether it represents a secondary gain. Ambiguously optimized synapomorphies for this clade include the following characters: cheliceral retromargin without teeth; absence of median structures of posterior respiratory system (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFADFE5E3FA195A80" box="[1308,1409,1177,1199]" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="77.[164,242,1797,1816]" captionTargetBox="[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-0@77.[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Figure 60. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–F, male right palp, inverted; G, H, female digested abdomen. A, ventral view; B, same, detail of tibial hollow area; C, distal view; D, same, detail of embolus and cymbium; E, tibial spurs, detail from panel B; F, embolus and distal cymbium; G, posterior tracheal system; H, anterior tracheal system and vulva. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331695/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 60G</figureCitation>
); male metatarsus I with proximal row of between five and eight spines (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFBC2E5ACFB155AC4" box="[1025,1165,1238,1260]" captionStart="Figure 57" captionStartId="74.[144,224,1789,1808]" captionTargetBox="[162,1404,194,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-0@74.[162,1404,194,1760]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="Figure 57. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae), left legs I: A–E, female; F–J, male. A, femur, prolateral view; B, same, retrolateral view; C, same, detail of stridulatory area; D, same, detail from panel C; E, femoral projection, detail from panel A; F, dorsal view; G, tibial and metatarsal clasping spines, prolateral view; H, metatarsal clasping spines; I, same, detail of strongest clasping spine; J, tibial clasping spines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331693/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 57G, H</figureCitation>
; absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFADAE5ADFAE55AC3" box="[1305,1405,1239,1260]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penai">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFADAE5ADFAE55AC3" box="[1305,1405,1239,1260]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">M. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); epiandrous fusules in two discrete clusters (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFADCE58EFA195B25" box="[1311,1409,1268,1290]" captionStart="Figure 56" captionStartId="73.[164,243,1558,1577]" captionTargetBox="[164,1445,195,1528]" captionTargetId="figure-111@73.[164,1445,195,1528]" captionTargetPageId="73" captionText="Figure 56. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae): A, B, E–G, male; C, D, female. A, left patella III, dorsal view; B, left leg II, claws; C, abdomen, epigynal area, ventral view; D, same, colulus, posterior respiratory spiracle and spinnerets, ventral view; E, epiandrous spigots; F, left tarsus I, dorsal view; G, mouthparts, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371473" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371473/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 56E</figureCitation>
); males with flagelliform gland spigots (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB18E469FADC5B06" box="[1243,1348,1299,1321]" captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="70.[144,223,1755,1774]" captionTargetBox="[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-0@70.[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figure 53. Mysmenopsis cidrelicola (Mysmenidae), male paralectotype. A–F, left palp; A, retrolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral–ventral view; D, bulb and cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial hollow area; F, bulb and cymbium, retrolateral–ventral view. G, abdomen, pedicel area; H, posterior spinnerets. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331691/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Figs 53H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFA93E469FA195B06" box="[1360,1409,1299,1321]" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="75.[164,242,1821,1840]" captionTargetBox="[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-0@75.[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="Figure 58. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H, female. A–E, left palp; A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, distal view; D, embolus and distal cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial spurs. F, posterior median spinnerets; G, H, posterior lateral spinneret. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371475/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">58G</figureCitation>
); cymbial tip without conductor grooves, but with a distinctly shaped tip (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFBC7E42AFBFE5B49" box="[1028,1126,1360,1382]" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="75.[164,242,1821,1840]" captionTargetBox="[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-0@75.[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="Figure 58. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H, female. A–E, left palp; A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, distal view; D, embolus and distal cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial spurs. F, posterior median spinnerets; G, H, posterior lateral spinneret. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371475/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 58D</figureCitation>
) and with a hook-shaped paracymbium bent inwards and associated with a tegular groove (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFC12E4F7FBC85B8C" box="[977,1104,1421,1443]" captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="70.[144,223,1755,1774]" captionTargetBox="[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-0@70.[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figure 53. Mysmenopsis cidrelicola (Mysmenidae), male paralectotype. A–F, left palp; A, retrolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral–ventral view; D, bulb and cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial hollow area; F, bulb and cymbium, retrolateral–ventral view. G, abdomen, pedicel area; H, posterior spinnerets. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331691/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Figs 53D, F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB98E4F7FB1E5B8C" box="[1115,1158,1421,1443]" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="72.[144,223,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-122@72.[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Figure 55. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae), male left palp. A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral view; D, tibia, detail from figure A, prolateral view; E, same, detail from figure C, retrolateral view; F, distal view; G, embolus and tip of cymbium, detail from figure A, prolateral view; H, detail of tibial hollow area, ventral view; I, same, detail of spur. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371471/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">55F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB53E4F7FB275B8C" box="[1168,1215,1421,1443]" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="75.[164,242,1821,1840]" captionTargetBox="[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-0@75.[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="Figure 58. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H, female. A–E, left palp; A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, distal view; D, embolus and distal cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial spurs. F, posterior median spinnerets; G, H, posterior lateral spinneret. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371475/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">58D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB08E4F7FB625B8C" box="[1227,1274,1421,1443]" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="77.[164,242,1797,1816]" captionTargetBox="[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-0@77.[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Figure 60. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–F, male right palp, inverted; G, H, female digested abdomen. A, ventral view; B, same, detail of tibial hollow area; C, distal view; D, same, detail of embolus and cymbium; E, tibial spurs, detail from panel B; F, embolus and distal cymbium; G, posterior tracheal system; H, anterior tracheal system and vulva. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331695/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">60D</figureCitation>
); male palpal tibial bearing spurs (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFBD8E4D6FB1B5BED" box="[1051,1155,1452,1474]" captionStart="Figure 53" captionStartId="70.[144,223,1755,1774]" captionTargetBox="[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetId="figure-0@70.[144,1425,193,1724]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="Figure 53. Mysmenopsis cidrelicola (Mysmenidae), male paralectotype. A–F, left palp; A, retrolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral–ventral view; D, bulb and cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial hollow area; F, bulb and cymbium, retrolateral–ventral view. G, abdomen, pedicel area; H, posterior spinnerets. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331691/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Figs 53E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB53E4D6FB205BED" box="[1168,1208,1452,1474]" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="72.[144,223,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-122@72.[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Figure 55. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae), male left palp. A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral view; D, tibia, detail from figure A, prolateral view; E, same, detail from figure C, retrolateral view; F, distal view; G, embolus and tip of cymbium, detail from figure A, prolateral view; H, detail of tibial hollow area, ventral view; I, same, detail of spur. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371471/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">55I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFB06E4D6FB6D5BED" box="[1221,1269,1452,1474]" captionStart="Figure 58" captionStartId="75.[164,242,1821,1840]" captionTargetBox="[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetId="figure-0@75.[228,1380,194,1791]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="Figure 58. Mysmenopsis palpalis (Mysmenidae): A–G, male; H, female. A–E, left palp; A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, distal view; D, embolus and distal cymbium, ventral view; E, detail of tibial spurs. F, posterior median spinnerets; G, H, posterior lateral spinneret. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371475/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">58E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFAC1E4D6FAC95BED" box="[1282,1361,1452,1474]" captionStart="Figure 60" captionStartId="77.[164,242,1797,1816]" captionTargetBox="[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-0@77.[202,1406,194,1768]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="Figure 60. Mysmenopsis penai (Mysmenidae): A–F, male right palp, inverted; G, H, female digested abdomen. A, ventral view; B, same, detail of tibial hollow area; C, distal view; D, same, detail of embolus and cymbium; E, tibial spurs, detail from panel B; F, embolus and distal cymbium; G, posterior tracheal system; H, anterior tracheal system and vulva. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5331695" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5331695/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">60B, E</figureCitation>
) and with two retrolateral–dorsal trichobothria (
<figureCitation id="131180E410B8939EFADDE4B1FA195BCE" box="[1310,1409,1483,1505]" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="72.[144,223,1507,1526]" captionTargetBox="[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetId="figure-122@72.[144,1424,195,1478]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="Figure 55. Mysmenopsis dipluramigo (Mysmenidae), male left palp. A, prolateral view; B, dorsal view; C, retrolateral view; D, tibia, detail from figure A, prolateral view; E, same, detail from figure C, retrolateral view; F, distal view; G, embolus and tip of cymbium, detail from figure A, prolateral view; H, detail of tibial hollow area, ventral view; I, same, detail of spur. See Appendix 3 for the list of abbreviations." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5371471" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5371471/files/figure.png" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Fig. 55E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C330CFEA10B8939FFCE5E773FF725D2C" lastPageId="255" lastPageNumber="782" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B959C6110B8939EFCE5E773FC0E5831" blockId="254.[806,1422,1545,1902]" box="[806,918,1545,1566]" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFCE5E773FC0E5831" box="[806,918,1545,1566]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B959C6110B8939FFCE5E75DFF725D2C" blockId="254.[806,1422,1545,1902]" lastBlockId="255.[164,779,198,771]" lastPageId="255" lastPageNumber="782" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B8939EFCE5E75DFC255813" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[806,957,1575,1596]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="254" pageNumber="781" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B8939EFCE5E75DFC255813" box="[806,957,1575,1596]" italics="true" pageId="254" pageNumber="781">Mysmenopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all other mysmenid genera in the following combination of features: the respiratory system consisting of anterior tracheae connected by a membranous duct and posterior lateral tracheae branching into several tracheoles, without median structures, arising from a wide posterior spiracular opening; the typical male palpal conformation, including a globose tibia with an apical hollow area bearing spurs and with two retrolateral–dorsal trichobothria, a prolateral cymbium without internal conductor grooves or cymbial fold, but with a distinct tip, and with a hook-shaped paracymbium bent inwards and associated with a tegular groove, and a short apical bifid embolus. Also, a distal ventral projection on femur I occurs on females, males have a prolateral row of modified setae occupying the distal half of tarsus I, and a proximal row of between five and eight spines on metatarsus I (absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B9939FFF00E004FEBE5FBC" box="[195,294,382,403]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="255" pageNumber="782" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penai">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B9939FFF00E004FEBE5FBC" box="[195,294,382,403]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="782">M. penai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); the epiandrous fusules are grouped into two clusters, both sexes retain only the flagelliform but not the aggregate spigots on the posterior lateral spinnerets; the labium is distally concave, a relatively higher proportion of maxillary clavate setae occurs in the mouthparts, and the colulus has four or more setae (three or less setae in
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B9939FFE3DE34CFDE75C65" box="[510,639,565,587]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="255" pageNumber="782" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palpalis">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B9939FFE3DE34CFDE75C65" box="[510,639,565,587]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="782">M. palpalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The taxonomic history and previous diagnostic features for
<taxonomicName id="4C2AE7E210B9939FFF67E309FEAD5CA7" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[164,309,627,648]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="255" pageNumber="782" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95E407310B9939FFF67E309FEAD5CA7" box="[164,309,627,648]" italics="true" pageId="255" pageNumber="782">Mysmenopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been reviewed by Platnick &amp; Shadab (1978). Some of the previous diagnostic features proposed for this genus are also recovered here (see Simon, 1897; Bryant, 1940; Gertsch, 1960a; Platnick &amp; Shadab, 1978).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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