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<document id="668C827C3509A6CB3F45C76545E1DC9D" ID-CLB-Dataset="7466" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4948.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ae92fbc8-7dd7-4fcd-a469-9f09c96946f0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4629235" ID-ZooBank="44061E80-81B7-46AF-AD51-9B461C2E2B67" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616487819220" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Diez, Yander L., Monnens, Marlies, Aguirre, Rosa Isabel, Yurduseven, Rana, Jouk, Philippe, Van Steenkiste, Niels W. L., Leander, Brian S., Schockaert, Ernest, Reygel, Patrick, Smeets, Karen &amp; Artois, Tom" docDate="2021" docId="03829F0DFFDBFF8405DFBA307BCFF900" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4948.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4948 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae Diez, Aguirre, Reygel &amp; Artois 2021, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="7191A493-CCA1-421D-88D5-99AD3D7E5705" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="473" masterDocId="FFBBE775FFCEFF920548BB5E7A00FFF9" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and phylogeny of Koinocystididae (Platyhelminthes, Kalyptorhynchia) with the description of three new genera and twelve new species" masterLastPageNumber="500" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="472" updateTime="1698934503700" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F02F2F5F09366CF1A750EC980AB18BE7">Taxonomy and phylogeny of Koinocystididae (Platyhelminthes, Kalyptorhynchia) with the description of three new genera and twelve new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ABD1D388E9C1433C9838E62E298F5F8F">Diez, Yander L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1D533196D3BDB3CFF08F8C843B22AB1D">Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium &amp; tom. artois @ uhasselt. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2491 - 7273</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2B5598FFDBFF8705DFBA307984FE71" authority="Diez, Aguirre, Reygel &amp; Artois" authorityName="Diez, Aguirre, Reygel &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,900,366,393]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Reinhardorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="beatrizae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF8705DFBA307BFEFE70" bold="true" box="[151,510,366,393]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae</emphasis>
Diez, Aguirre, Reygel &amp; Artois
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF8705DFBAA67BD1FDEB" bold="true" box="[151,465,504,530]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Material and distribution.</emphasis>
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Observations on live specimens, whole mounted afterwards. Two whole mounts from Las Sardinas (
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<collectingRegion id="49EFE0F9FFDBFF8706DEB9427E61FDCF" box="[918,1121,540,566]" country="Cuba" name="Santiago de Cuba" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Santiago de Cuba</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33C6E8BFFDBFF870126B9427EA9FDCF" box="[1134,1193,540,566]" name="Cuba" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(
<date id="FF9508DBFFDBFF8701F2B9427F5FFDCE" box="[1210,1375,540,567]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" value="2016-06-22">
<collectingDate id="EFD1F133FFDBFF8701F2B9427F5FFDCE" box="[1210,1375,540,567]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" value="2016-06-22">June 22, 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
), one of which is designated
<typeStatus id="549090B9FFDBFF8704DFB91E7BF9FDA3" box="[407,505,576,602]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="ED3AB6DEFFDBFF870741B91F785AFDA2" box="[521,602,577,603]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" type="Museum">FMNH</collectionCode>
https://id.luomus.fi/
<collectionCode id="ED3AB6DEFFDBFF870677B91E7969FDA2" box="[831,873,576,603]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">KV</collectionCode>
.649), the other one in HU (
<collectionCode id="ED3AB6DEFFDBFF8701DFB91E7EC9FDA3" box="[1175,1225,576,602]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">XIII</collectionCode>
.4.03), silty sand in rock pools protected from wave action,
<quantity id="4CD383FEFFDBFF870714B93A789CFD86" box="[604,668,612,639]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" unit="m" value="0.3">
<elevation id="0006C928FFDBFF870714B93A789CFD86" box="[604,668,612,639]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" unit="m" value="0.3">0.3 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep, salinity 33 ‰.
<location id="8EF478C0FFDBFF8706D9B93A79B6FD87" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03829F0DFFDBFF8405DFBA307BCFF900:8EF478C0FFDBFF8706D9B93A79B6FD87" box="[913,950,612,638]" country="Cuba" county="Bueycabon" latitude="19.960556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.95777" municipality="Two" name="Six" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" stateProvince="Santiago de Cuba">Six</location>
whole mounts and three serially-sectioned specimens (in poor conditions) from
<location id="8EF478C0FFDBFF87070DB9D678A1FD5B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03829F0DFFDBFF8405DFBA307BCFF900:8EF478C0FFDBFF87070DB9D678A1FD5B" box="[581,673,648,674]" country="Cuba" county="Bueycabon" latitude="19.960556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-76.95777" municipality="Two" name="Siboney" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" stateProvince="Santiago de Cuba">Siboney</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE1F48DCFFDBFF8707FCB9D67941FD5A" box="[692,833,648,675]" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" precision="15" seconds="34" value="19.959446">19°57’34”N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1F48DCFFDBFF870607B9D679E2FD5A" box="[847,994,648,675]" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-75.70194">75°42’07”W</geoCoordinate>
),
<collectingRegion id="49EFE0F9FFDBFF8706B1B9D67EC8FD5B" box="[1017,1224,648,674]" country="Cuba" name="Santiago de Cuba" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Santiago de Cuba</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33C6E8BFFDBFF87019EB9D67F11FD5B" box="[1238,1297,648,674]" name="Cuba" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(
<date id="FF9508DBFFDBFF87006AB9D67AF1FD3F" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" value="2016-09-04">
<collectingDate id="EFD1F133FFDBFF87006AB9D67AF1FD3F" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" value="2016-09-04">September 4, 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
; March 22 &amp;
<date id="FF9508DBFFDBFF8704DAB9F37827FD3F" box="[402,551,684,711]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" value="2017-06-05">
<collectingDate id="EFD1F133FFDBFF8704DAB9F37827FD3F" box="[402,551,684,711]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" value="2017-06-05">June 5, 2017</collectingDate>
</date>
), intertidal (upper
<quantity id="4CD383FEFFDBFF8707B3B9F27942FD3E" box="[763,834,684,711]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
of fine-grained sand) up to
<quantity id="4CD383FEFFDBFF8701CCB9F27EC4FD3E" box="[1156,1220,684,711]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" unit="m" value="0.5">
<elevation id="0006C928FFDBFF8701CCB9F27EC4FD3E" box="[1156,1220,684,711]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep (fine-grained sand rich in organic matter), salinity 33–35 ‰ (HU
<collectionCode id="ED3AB6DEFFDBFF8707B3B98E792CFD13" box="[763,812,720,746]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">XIII</collectionCode>
.4.04–
<collectionCode id="ED3AB6DEFFDBFF870639B98E79A3FD13" box="[881,931,720,746]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">XIII</collectionCode>
.4.13).
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF0B461FFDBFF8706BCB98F7E25FD12" box="[1012,1061,721,747]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Two</collectingMunicipality>
whole mounts from
<collectingCounty id="62F55697FFDBFF870056B98E7F9CFD13" box="[1310,1436,720,746]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Bueycabón</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE1F48DCFFDBFF8705E8B9AA7B2DFCF6" box="[160,301,756,783]" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" precision="15" seconds="38" value="19.960556">19°57’38”N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="EE1F48DCFFDBFF870472B9AA7BCDFCF6" box="[314,461,756,783]" degrees="76" direction="west" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" precision="15" seconds="28" value="-76.95777">76°57’28”W</geoCoordinate>
),
<collectingRegion id="49EFE0F9FFDBFF8704ABB9AA78AFFCF7" box="[483,687,756,782]" country="Cuba" name="Santiago de Cuba" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Santiago de Cuba</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33C6E8BFFDBFF8707F3B9AA78F6FCF7" box="[699,758,756,782]" name="Cuba" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(February 6 &amp; 21, 2018), fine-grained sand rich in organic matter,
<quantity id="4CD383FEFFDBFF8705A4B8467B2CFCCA" box="[236,300,792,819]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" unit="m" value="0.5">
<elevation id="0006C928FFDBFF8705A4B8467B2CFCCA" box="[236,300,792,819]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</elevation>
</quantity>
deep, salinity 33 ‰ (HU
<collectionCode id="ED3AB6DEFFDBFF870705B846787EFCCB" box="[589,638,792,818]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">XIII</collectionCode>
.4.14–
<collectionCode id="ED3AB6DEFFDBFF87078CB84678F6FCCA" box="[708,758,792,819]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">XIII</collectionCode>
.4.15)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3317D90FFDBFF87058FB8627EB4FC83" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B942E1BFFDBFF87058FB8627EB4FC83" blockId="21.[151,1437,504,1971]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF87058FB8627B4EFCAF" bold="true" box="[199,334,828,854]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Etymology.</emphasis>
Species dedicated to Prof. Dr. Beatriz Martínez Daranas, researcher at the Marine Research Centre of
<collectingRegion id="49EFE0F9FFDBFF8705FEB83F7B0CFC82" box="[182,268,865,891]" country="Cuba" name="La Habana" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Havana</collectingRegion>
University,
<collectingCountry id="F33C6E8BFFDBFF8704DCB83E7BD3FC82" box="[404,467,864,891]" name="Cuba" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Cuba</collectingCountry>
), specialist in taxonomy and ecology of seagrass and macroalgae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3317D90FFDBFF87058FB8DA79D4FBAB" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B942E1BFFDBFF87058FB8DA79D4FBAB" blockId="21.[151,1437,504,1971]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF87058FB8DA7B42FC67" bold="true" box="[199,322,900,926]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Species of
<taxonomicName id="4C2B5598FFDBFF87048CB8DA789FFC67" authority="Diez &amp; Monnens &amp; Aguirre &amp; Yurduseven &amp; Jouk &amp; Van Steenkiste &amp; Leander &amp; Schockaert &amp; Reygel &amp; Smeets &amp; Artois, 2021" authorityName="Diez &amp; Monnens &amp; Aguirre &amp; Yurduseven &amp; Jouk &amp; Van Steenkiste &amp; Leander &amp; Schockaert &amp; Reygel &amp; Smeets &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2021" box="[452,671,900,926]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Reinhardorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF87048CB8DA789FFC67" box="[452,671,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Reinhardorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF8707EFB8DA78F6FC67" bold="true" box="[679,758,900,926]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C4F72FFDBFF8707EFB8DA78F6FC67" box="[679,758,900,926]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
with the copulatory bulb encompassing the prostate vesicle, an armed cirrus and two distal hooks. Cirrus armed with triangular, ±4-μm-long spines. Cirrus also includes a ±347- μm-long spiny belt. Proximally in the belt the spines are scale shaped and ±23 μm long. Proximal spines followed by a section bearing ±6-μm-long spines that runs distally and ends in the distal comb-shaped part, which is armed with ±32-μm-long spines. Larger hook ±101 μm long and ±59 μm wide at its base. Its base bears a ±45-μm-long and funnel-like hook. Smaller hook ±89 μm long and ±47 μm wide at its base.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3317D90FFDBFF84058FBF027BCFF900" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="473" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B942E1BFFDBFF87058FBF027E6CFB46" blockId="21.[151,1437,504,1971]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF87058FBF027B59FB8F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1116,1142]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Description.</emphasis>
Live specimens are
<quantity id="4CD383FEFFDBFF87070CBF0278B7FB8E" box="[580,695,1116,1143]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 mm</quantity>
long, translucent, with two eyes (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFDBFF870170BF027EA2FB8F" box="[1080,1186,1116,1142]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
: e). The syncytial and fully-ciliated epidermis is 7–8 μm thick and contains large vacuoles, some of which are filled with a dark granular secretion. Rhabdites occur all over the basal part of the epidermis and measure 2–3 μm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B942E1BFFDBFF87058FBF967B61FA6F" blockId="21.[151,1437,504,1971]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
The proboscis (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFDBFF87043CBF967BDCFB1B" box="[372,476,1224,1250]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
: pr) is of the typical koinocystidid construction (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA53EAFFDBFF87016EBF977EB4FB1B" author="Brunet, M." box="[1062,1204,1224,1251]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" pagination="157 - 174" refId="ref37355" refString="Brunet, M. (1972) Koinocystididae de la region de Marseille. Zoologica Scripta, 1, 157 - 174. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1972. tb 00673. x" type="journal article" year="1972">Brunet 1972</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA53EAFFDBFF8701F7BF967F57FB1B" author="Karling, T. G." box="[1215,1367,1224,1250]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" pagination="241 - 269" refId="ref38008" refString="Karling, T. G. (1980) Revision of Koinocystididae (Turbellaria). Zoologica Scripta, 9, 241 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.1980. tb 00666. x" type="journal article" year="1980">Karling 1980</bibRefCitation>
), with a strong juncture sphincter, and does not differ in morphology from that of the other species of
<taxonomicName id="4C2B5598FFDBFF870189BFB27F9CFAFF" authorityName="Diez &amp; Monnens &amp; Aguirre &amp; Yurduseven &amp; Jouk &amp; Van Steenkiste &amp; Leander &amp; Schockaert &amp; Reygel &amp; Smeets &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2021" box="[1217,1436,1260,1286]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Reinhardorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF870189BFB27F9CFAFF" box="[1217,1436,1260,1286]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Reinhardorhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF8705DFBE4E7AD8FAD3" bold="true" box="[151,216,1296,1322]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">gen n</emphasis>
. It is about 15% of the body length in live specimens. Only two pairs of integument retractors were observed: a ventral and a dorsal one. Two pairs of proboscis retractors were observed, but it is not clear whether more are present. The exact number of fixators and dilatators could not be determined. A sphincter around the proboscis pore was not observed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B942E1BFFDBFF87058FBEFE7BD7F9DF" blockId="21.[151,1437,504,1971]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
The pharynx is located at 40–50% (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFDBFF870713BEFE78C4FA43" box="[603,708,1440,1466]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
: ph) and has a diameter of 15% of the body length in live specimens. Its overall morphology does not differ from that previously described for
<taxonomicName id="4C2B5598FFDBFF87016EBE9B7E7BFA27" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1949" box="[1062,1147,1476,1503]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Itaipusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="21" pageNumber="472" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="divae">
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF87016EBE9B7E2FFA27" box="[1062,1071,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">I</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF870176BE9A7E7BFA27" box="[1086,1147,1476,1502]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">divae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above). At least two
<typeStatus id="549090B9FFDBFF8705DFBEB77AD2F9FA" box="[151,210,1513,1539]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">types</typeStatus>
of glands open in the distal part of the pharynx lumen: one containing a coarse-grained secretion, the other one a fine-grained secretion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B942E1BFFDBFF87058FBD6E78FCF84A" blockId="21.[151,1437,504,1971]" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">
A pair of testes is located rostral to the pharynx. The seminal vesicles fuse with each other just before entering the copulatory bulb. The copulatory bulb is globular and 253–400 μm long (
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF87014CBD0B7E11F997" box="[1028,1041,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">x̄</emphasis>
= 327 μm; n = 7). It is surrounded by an external, longitudinal and a very strong internal, circular muscle layer. The prostate glands open proximally into the copulatory bulb. The copulatory bulb encompasses the prostate vesicle, the cirrus and two distal hooks. The prostate vesicle (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFDBFF87041ABD9E7BBAF923" box="[338,442,1728,1754]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
: pv) opens proximally into the cirrus. The filiform prostate ducts contain a coarse-grained secretion. The cirrus is surrounded by an external longitudinal and a very strong internal circular muscle layer. The cirrus (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFDBFF8705AFBC567B50F8DB" box="[231,336,1800,1826]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
: ci) is armed with 3–5-μm-long triangular spines (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFDBFF8706C1BC5679F1F8DB" box="[905,1009,1800,1826]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
: cis) (
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF87017FBC577E43F8DB" box="[1079,1091,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">x̄</emphasis>
= 4 μm; n = 20). Additionally, the cirrus also shows a 290–382-μm-long spiny belt (
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF8707B6BC73790BF8BF" box="[766,779,1837,1862]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">x̄</emphasis>
= 347 μm; n = 6) (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFDBFF8706ACBC727E4EF8BF" box="[996,1102,1836,1862]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
). Proximally, these scale-like spines are 9–34 μm long (
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF870489BC0F7BCEF893" box="[449,462,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">x̄</emphasis>
= 23 μm; n = 15) (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFDBFF8707EEBC0E7930F893" box="[678,816,1872,1898]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 10B–C</figureCitation>
: cps). This part is followed by a row of triangular and 4–8-μm-long (
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF870474BC2B7B49F877" box="[316,329,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">x̄</emphasis>
= 6 μm; n = 31) spines (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFDBFF870729BC2A78C9F877" box="[609,713,1908,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 10C</figureCitation>
: cms). In the distal, comb-shaped part of the belt the spines are 23–48 μm long (
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFDBFF87041ABCC77B5FF84B" box="[338,351,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">x̄</emphasis>
= 32 μm; n = 31) (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFDBFF87077BBCC678BBF84B" box="[563,699,1944,1970]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="472">Fig. 10B–C</figureCitation>
: cds).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF547E93FFD8FF8405DFBE6E7EF1FA95" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" startId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" targetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="8B942E1BFFD8FF8405DFBE6E7EF1FA95" blockId="22.[151,1436,1328,1389]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFD8FF8405DFBE6E7B20FAB1" bold="true" box="[151,288,1328,1352]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C2B5598FFD8FF84046FBE6E7853FAB1" authority="Diez &amp; Monnens &amp; Aguirre &amp; Yurduseven &amp; Jouk &amp; Van Steenkiste &amp; Leander &amp; Schockaert &amp; Reygel &amp; Smeets &amp; Artois, 2021" authorityName="Diez &amp; Monnens &amp; Aguirre &amp; Yurduseven &amp; Jouk &amp; Van Steenkiste &amp; Leander &amp; Schockaert &amp; Reygel &amp; Smeets &amp; Artois" authorityYear="2021" box="[295,595,1328,1352]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Koinocystididae" genus="Reinhardorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="beatrizae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFD8FF84046FBE6E7853FAB1" box="[295,595,1328,1352]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFD8FF840712BE6F7894FAB0" bold="true" box="[602,660,1329,1353]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26C4F72FFD8FF840712BE6F7894FAB0" box="[602,660,1329,1353]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B942E1BFFD8FF84058FBEC578C6F9DB" blockId="22.[151,1437,1435,1785]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
The larger of the two distal hooks (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFD8FF840729BEC578CAFA4C" box="[609,714,1435,1461]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
: h1, 10D; hooks
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFD8FF8406DABEC579FCFA4C" box="[914,1020,1435,1461]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
: h) is 86–121 μm long (
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFD8FF84005CBEC57F21FA4D" box="[1300,1313,1435,1460]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">x̄</emphasis>
= 101 μm; n = 7) and 49–72 μm wide at its base (
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFD8FF84070EBEE17853FA21" box="[582,595,1471,1496]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">x̄</emphasis>
= 59 μm; n = 8). The base carries a funnel-like structure of 35–53 μm long (
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFD8FF8405E9BEBD7AADFA05" box="[161,173,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">x̄</emphasis>
= 45 μm; n = 7) (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFD8FF840438BEBD7829FA04" box="[368,553,1507,1533]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Fig. 10B &amp; 10D</figureCitation>
: fh). The smaller hook (
<figureCitation id="1310329EFFD8FF840679BEBD7997FA04" box="[817,919,1507,1533]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="22.[151,250,1328,1352]" captionTargetBox="[187,1414,181,1292]" captionTargetId="figure-23@22.[174,1414,181,1304]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURE 10. Reinhardorhynchus beatrizae sp. n.. A, general organisation. B, sclerotised structures of the copulatory bulb. C, Cirrus. D, larger hook. E, smaller hook. B–E, from the holotype. C–E with proximal end toward top of figure." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4629267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4629267/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">Fig. 10B</figureCitation>
: h
<geoCoordinate id="EE1F48DCFFD8FF8406F9BEBD79F9FA04" box="[945,1017,1507,1533]" degrees="2, 10" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" precision="555" value="2.1">2, 10E</geoCoordinate>
) is 57–94 μm long (
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFD8FF840192BEBD7EE6FA05" box="[1242,1254,1507,1532]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">x̄</emphasis>
= 89 μm; n = 6) and 36–55 μm wide at its base (
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFD8FF8404B4BD597808F9D9" box="[508,520,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">x̄</emphasis>
= 47 μm; n = 6).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B942E1BFFD8FF84058FBD757BCFF900" blockId="22.[151,1437,1435,1785]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">
The vitellaria run from the posterior end of the pharynx to the caudal body end. The elongated ovaries are located rostral to the copulatory bulb. The oocytes are organised in one row, increasing in diameter from the most proximal to the most distal one. The oviducts open into the proximal end of the female duct. The female duct opens into the receptacle bursa (terminology of Karling 1981; followed by
<bibRefCitation id="EFBA53EAFFD8FF8406DEBDC97E64F948" author="Reygel, P. C. &amp; Willems, W. R. &amp; Artois, T. J." box="[918,1124,1687,1713]" pageId="22" pageNumber="473" pagination="27 - 40" refId="ref39019" refString="Reygel, P. C., Willems, W. R. &amp; Artois, T. J. (2011) Koinocystididae and Gnathorhynchidae (Platyhelminthes: Rhabdocoela: Kalyptorhynchia) from the Galapagos, with the description of three new species. Zootaxa, 3096 (1), 27 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3096.1.3" type="journal article" year="2011">
Reygel
<emphasis id="B95FF209FFD8FF8406A4BDC97E24F948" box="[1004,1060,1687,1713]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="473">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
) through a strong sphincter. The muscular bursal stalk connects the caudally-located bursa with the female atrium. In a live specimen, an egg without shell was observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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