270 lines
32 KiB
XML
270 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="514A65A768311389A6375488F02F5527" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.282977" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9856bd47-cee4-4b9c-963c-0d33b2786ca7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="282977" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460558263465" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Smith-Pardo, Allan H., Evans, Gregory A. & Dooley, John W." docDate="2012" docId="0382231AFFC2FFB91398FA92FA78FDE2" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03570p024.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3570" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Aspidiotinae" docType="key" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="FFBB5B62FFC0FFBA130FF81CFFE4FF86" masterDocTitle="A review of the genus Chrysomphalus Ashmead (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) with descriptions of a new species and a new, related genus" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698319740089" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="74123588CAC7C273F02BC80B48C4CC1C">
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<mods:title id="C091B022C34C8968A363AE667112D093">A review of the genus Chrysomphalus Ashmead (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) with descriptions of a new species and a new, related genus</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="96AA1C2076C051B7C5C054DB4FD4FE69" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0E2EA76361870A4B6B90C07D890AD760">Smith-Pardo, Allan H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C993426CEA9250590338E2E7D99058B9">Evans, Gregory A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="48A13C46F1BF5D76F90E8950C2F2DB58" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4C15948E53894EEE7EF9A8F083392FEE">Dooley, John W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F8B83E017182EE695B2A7E61B214CB77">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="60875377B4AA99AA327EB4E39D2BD275">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="48F479C0E59069AD6E68C4F5E0548493">
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<mods:date id="29F04820DFEBCD77E7CD4EB201946046">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="1A9713C3C142884E0C6E7ECA9727C4BA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B1DB4AC1AA817F592EBF92BB3EE9F6EF">3570</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="415C8BDCE4A205B3F17D57A6466A1457" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.282977</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A88C2BB55166B85B8BC0B9210970F925" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0382231AFFC2FFB91398FA92FA78FDE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6179502" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119556257" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6179502" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0382231AFFC2FFB91398FA92FA78FDE2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0382231AFFC2FFB91398FA92FA78FDE2" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="C331C187FFC2FFB81398FA92FB6DFD2E" box="[151,1161,654,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FA92FB6DFD2E" blockId="2.[151,1161,654,680]" box="[151,1161,654,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<heading id="D0DC2560FFC2FFB81398FA92FB6DFD2E" bold="true" box="[151,1161,654,680]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC2FFB81398FA92FB6DFD2E" bold="true" box="[151,1161,654,680]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Key to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC2FFB81210FA92FD88FD2E" box="[287,620,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aspidiotinae">Aspidiotinae (Diaspididae)</taxonomicName>
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genera similar to the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC2FFB810C4FA92FB6DFD2E" box="[971,1161,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Chrysomphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC2FFB810C4FA92FB6DFD2E" bold="true" box="[971,1161,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Chrysomphalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C331C187FFC2FFB91398FAC9FA78FDE2" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="key">
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<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC2FFB81398FAC9FA78FCC4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FAC9FA78FC81" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FAC9FA78FC81" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1a. Paraphyses arising only from basal angles of lobes, not from an interlobular space, sometimes with a weak sclerotization close to paraphysis at basal angle of lobe............................................................... 2</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FB13FA78FCC4" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FB13FA78FCC4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1b. Paraphyses arising from basal angles of lobes and at least one interlobular space, usually located more or less halfway between lobes..................................................................................... 5</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC2FFB81398FB56FA78FC52" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FB56FA78FC1C" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FB56FA78FC1C" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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2a (1a). Anal opening large, space between opening and posterior margin of pygidium not more than
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<date id="FF95B4CCFFC2FFB8179CFB56FB4FFCD9" box="[1171,1195,842,863]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2x</date>
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diameter of opening; L2 and L3 usually reduced to small points; paraphyses wide and robust; plates usually with fringed apices........................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC2FFB81776FB99FA78FC1C" ID-CoL="62VJF" authority="Cockerell, 1897" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1897" box="[1145,1436,901,922]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Hemiberlesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC2FFB81776FB99FB19FC1C" bold="true" box="[1145,1277,901,922]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hemiberlesia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC2FFB8160CFB99FA78FC1C" author="Cockerell" box="[1283,1436,901,922]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1897) The San Jose Scale and its Nearest Allies. United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Technical Series, 6, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1897">Cockerell, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FBBEFA78FC52" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FBBEFA78FC52" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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2b. Anal opening small, space between opening and posterior margin of pygidium more than
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<date id="FF95B4CCFFC2FFB81763FBBEFB67FC31" box="[1132,1155,930,951]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2x</date>
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diameter of opening; L2 and often L3 well developed; paraphyses slender; plates variable................................................ 3
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC2FFB81398FBC1FA78FBAA" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FBC1FA78FC74" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" box="[151,1436,989,1010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FBC1FA78FC74" box="[151,1436,989,1010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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3a (2b). L2 and L3 well developed; plates usually well developed and with fringed apices.....
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC2FFB81751FBC1FA78FC74" ID-CoL="LMP" authority="Balachowsky, 1948" authorityName="Balachowsky" authorityYear="1948" box="[1118,1436,989,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Abgrallaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC2FFB81751FBC1FB3EFC74" bold="true" box="[1118,1242,989,1010]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Abgrallaspis</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC2FFB817EFFBC1FA78FC74" author="Balachowsky" box="[1248,1436,989,1010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Balachowsky, A. S. (1948) Les Cochenilles de France, d'Europe, du Nord de l'Afrique et du Bassin Mediterraneen. IV. Monographie des Coccoidea, classification - Diaspidinae (Premiere partie). Entomologie Appliquee Actualites Scientifiques et Industrielles, 1054, 243 - 394." type="journal article" year="1948">Balachowsky, 1948</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FBE6FA78FBAA" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FBE6FA78FBAA" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">3b. L3 not developed; L2 developed but often only as small points; plates usually short, and spine-like, without fringed apices................................................................................................. 4</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC2FFB81398FC29FA78FB02" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FC29FA78FBE1" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FC29FA78FBE1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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4a (3b). Paraphyses arising from lateral angle of L1 typically elongate, slender and terminating in a heavily sclerotized knob..............................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC2FFB81773FC4EFA78FBE1" ID-CoL="3QN3" authority="MacGillivray, 1921" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1921" box="[1148,1436,1106,1127]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Clavaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC2FFB81773FC4EFB3FFBE1" bold="true" box="[1148,1243,1106,1127]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Clavaspis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC2FFB817EFFC4EFA78FBE1" author="MacGillivray" box="[1248,1436,1106,1127]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="MacGillivray, A. D. (1921) The Coccidae. Tables for the Identification of the Subfamilies and Some of the More Important Genera and Species, together with Discussions. Scarab, Urbana, Ill., 502 pp." type="book" year="1921">MacGillivray, 1921</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FC73FA78FB02" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" box="[151,1436,1135,1156]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FC73FA78FB02" box="[151,1436,1135,1156]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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4b. Paraphyses arising from lateral angle of L1 not terminating in a heavily sclerotized knob..
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC2FFB8178EFC73FA78FB02" ID-CoL="62PDT" authority="Cockerell, 1897" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1897" box="[1153,1436,1135,1156]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Diaspidiotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC2FFB8178EFC73FB19FB02" bold="true" box="[1153,1277,1135,1156]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diaspidiotus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC2FFB8160CFC73FA78FB02" author="Cockerell" box="[1283,1436,1135,1156]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1897) The San Jose Scale and its Nearest Allies. United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Technical Series, 6, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1897">Cockerell, 1897</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC2FFB81398FC91FA72FB5A" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FC91FA71FB39" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FC91FA71FB39" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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5a (1b). Lateral margin of pygidium entirely without plates or gland spines; paraphyses absent anterior to L3..............................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC2FFB817ADFCB6FA71FB39" ID-CoL="9G3PR" authority="Signoret, 1869" authorityName="Signoret" authorityYear="1869" box="[1186,1429,1194,1215]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Targionia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC2FFB817ADFCB6FAE4FB39" bold="true" box="[1186,1280,1194,1215]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Targionia</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC2FFB81607FCB6FA71FB39" author="Signoret" box="[1288,1429,1194,1215]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Signoret, V. (1869) Essai sur les cochenilles ou gallinsectes (Homopteres - Coccides), 3 e partie. [Essay on the gall forming insects (Homoptera - Coccidae) - 3 rd Part.] Annales de la Societe entomologique de France (serie 4), 9, 97 - 104." type="journal article" year="1869">Signoret, 1869</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FCDBFA72FB5A" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" box="[151,1430,1223,1244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FCDBFA72FB5A" box="[151,1430,1223,1244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">5b. Lateral margin of pygidium with at least a few plates or gland spines; paraphyses present or absent anterior to L3..... 6</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC2FFB81398FCF9FA72FAD4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FCF9FA73FA91" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FCF9FA73FA91" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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6a (5b). Pygidium with 5 plates between L1 and L2; L2 larger than L1 with many short teeth and L2 closer to L3 than to L1; 2 paraphyses present between L1 and L2................................................
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<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC2FFB8179AFD1EFADDFA91" bold="true" box="[1173,1337,1282,1303]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Pentalaminaspis</emphasis>
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nov. gen.
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FD03FA72FAD4" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FD03FA72FAD4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">6b. Pygidium with fewer than 4 plates or gland spines between L1 and L2; L2 not larger than L1, and L2 located closer to L1 than to L3; with 0 or 1 paraphyses present between L1 and L2.............................................. 7</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC2FFB81398FD46FA78F984" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FD46FA78FA2C" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FD46FA78FA2C" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">7a (6b). Pygidial margin anterior to L4 not heavily sclerotized, without a series of short paraphyses; plates anterior to L3 conspicuous, branched, fringed or clubbed, their length usually exceeding that of lobes; anus usually located closer to posterior margin than to vulva................................................................................ 8</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FDAEFA78F984" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FDAEFA78F984" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">7b. Pygidial margin anterior to L4 heavily sclerotized, often with a series of short paraphyses; plates anterior to L3 not as long and conspicuous, and may be branched, fringed or spine-like, their length usually not exceeding that of lobes; anus usually in middle or closer to vulva than posterior margin....................................................... 10</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</keyStep>
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<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC2FFB81398FE16FA78F9F1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FE16FA71F9BA" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FE16FA71F9BA" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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8a (7a). Paraphyses absent or, if present, poorly developed, short, not exceeding length of lobes; paraphyses in L2–L3 interlobular space absent or not pronounced.......................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC2FFB81717FE3BFA71F9BA" ID-CoL="48YN" authority="Thiem & Gerneck, 1934" authorityName="Thiem & Gerneck" authorityYear="1934" box="[1048,1429,1575,1596]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Dynaspidiotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC2FFB81717FE3BFB41F9BA" bold="true" box="[1048,1189,1575,1596]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Dynaspidiotus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC2FFB817A4FE3BFA71F9BA" author="Thiem" box="[1195,1429,1575,1596]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Thiem, H. & Gerneck, R. (1934) Untersuchungen an Deutschen Austernschildlausen (Aspidiotini) im Vergleich mit der San Jose-Schildlaus (Aspidiotus perniciosus Comst.) (In German). Arbeiten uber physiologische und angewandte Entomologie, 1, 130 - 158, 208 - 238." type="journal article" year="1934">Thiem & Gerneck, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FE59FA78F9F1" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FE59FA78F9F1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">8b. Paraphyses well-developed, long and slender, each as long as, or exceeding, length of lobes; paraphyses in L2–L3 interlobular space well-developed, long and slender............................................................. 9</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC2FFB81398FE63FA78F96A" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FE63FA72F934" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FE63FA72F934" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
9a (8b). Prosoma of mature female strongly sclerotized, reniform shaped with lateral lobes more or less enclosing pygidium in most species; paraphyses relatively short, about as long as lobes in most species..
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC2FFB8173FFE81FA72F934" ID-CoL="XYG" authority="Berlese & Leonardi, 1896" authorityName="Berlese & Leonardi" authorityYear="1896" box="[1072,1430,1693,1714]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Aonidiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC2FFB8173FFE81FB73F934" bold="true" box="[1072,1175,1693,1714]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Aonidiella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC2FFB81792FE81FA72F934" author="Berlese" box="[1181,1430,1693,1714]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Berlese, A. & Leonardi, G. (1896) Diagnosi di Cocciniglie Nuove. (Cont.) (In Italian). Rivista di Patologia Vegetale. Firenze, 4, 345 - 352." type="journal article" year="1896">Berlese & Leonardi, 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FEA6FA78F96A" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FEA6FA78F96A" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
9b. Prosoma of mature female, if strongly sclerotized, not reniform in shape and with lateral lobes not enclosing pygidium; paraphyses relatively long, much longer than lobes in most species..................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC2FFB8176CFECBFA78F96A" ID-CoL="3PJW" authority="Ashmead, 1880" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1880" box="[1123,1436,1751,1772]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Chrysomphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC2FFB8176CFECBFB1BF96A" bold="true" box="[1123,1279,1751,1772]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Chrysomphalus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC2FFB8160AFECBFA78F96A" author="Ashmead" box="[1285,1436,1751,1772]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1880) On the red or circular scale of the orange (Chrysomphalus ficus Riley Ms.). The American Entomologist, 3, 267 - 269." type="journal article" year="1880">Ashmead, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC2FFB81398FEE9FA78F851" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FEE9FA71F8E4" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FEE9FA71F8E4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">10a (7b). Pygidium broad at the base, elongate and tapering apically to a point, lateral margins tending to be slightly concave; with 3 pairs of pygidial lobes; L4 reduced to a point or absent; margin anterior to L4 heavily sclerotized; and with or without an extended series of well-developed, quite long, closely set paraphyses; often with most or all paraphyses between L1 and L4 similar in length................................................................................. 11</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC2FFB81398FF76FA78F851" blockId="2.[151,1436,725,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC2FFB81398FF76FA78F851" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">10b. Pygidium usually short and broad, not tapering apically to an acute point, lateral margins tending to be convex; usually with 4 or 5 pairs of pygidial lobes; L4 usually well developed;; margin anterior to L4 lightly to heavily sclerotized, paraphyses anterior to L4 absent, weakly developed or rather few; often with most or all paraphyses between L1 and L4 variable in length................................................................................... 13</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC3FFB91398F88BFA78FE82" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC3FFB91398F88BFA78FF4C" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,612]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC3FFB91398F88BFA78FF4C" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
11a (10a). Pygidium with 4 or more pairs of well-developed pygidial lobes; margin anterior to L4 without distinct paraphyses; plates between lobes long, distinctly longer than length of lobes................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC3FFB917BBF8A9FA78FF4C" ID-CoL="62ZQ4" authority="Hall, 1946" authorityName="Hall" authorityYear="1946" box="[1204,1436,181,202]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Marginaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC3FFB917BBF8A9FAD4FF4C" bold="true" box="[1204,1328,181,202]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Marginaspis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC3FFB91639F8A9FA78FF4C" author="Hall" box="[1334,1436,181,202]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Hall, W. J. (1946) New or Little Known Species of Diaspididae (Coccoidea) from Africa. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 97, 55 - 73." type="journal article" year="1946">Hall, 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC3FFB91398F8CEFA78FE82" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,612]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC3FFB91398F8CEFA78FE82" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">11b. Pygidium with 3 pairs of pygidial lobes; margin anterior to L4 with paraphyses; plates between lobes short to moderate in length, not distinctly longer than length of lobes......................................................... 12</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC3FFB91398F911FA78FEB9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC3FFB91398F911FA78FEA4" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,612]" box="[151,1436,269,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC3FFB91398F911FA78FEA4" box="[151,1436,269,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
12a (11b). Pygidium tapering apically an acute point..............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC3FFB917CDF911FA78FEA4" ID-CoL="NV9" authority="Ferris, 1941" authorityName="Ferris" authorityYear="1941" box="[1218,1436,269,290]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Acutaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC3FFB917CDF911FAC6FEA4" bold="true" box="[1218,1314,269,290]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Acutaspis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC3FFB91627F911FA78FEA4" author="Ferris" box="[1320,1436,269,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Ferris, G. F. (1941) Atlas of the Scale Insects of North America. Series 3. Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, California." type="book" year="1941">Ferris, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC3FFB91398F936FA78FEB9" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,612]" box="[151,1436,298,319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC3FFB91398F936FA78FEB9" box="[151,1436,298,319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
12b. Pygidium tapering apically to a rounded or truncate apex.........................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC3FFB91755F936FA78FEB9" ID-CoL="62YQ7" authority="MacGillivray, 1921" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1921" box="[1114,1436,298,319]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Lindingaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC3FFB91755F936FB3EFEB9" bold="true" box="[1114,1242,298,319]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Lindingaspis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC3FFB917EFF936FA78FEB9" author="MacGillivray" box="[1248,1436,298,319]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="MacGillivray, A. D. (1921) The Coccidae. Tables for the Identification of the Subfamilies and Some of the More Important Genera and Species, together with Discussions. Scarab, Urbana, Ill., 502 pp." type="book" year="1921">MacGillivray, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC3FFB91398F95BFA78FE69" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC3FFB91398F95BFA78FE11" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,612]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC3FFB91398F95BFA78FE11" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
13a (10b). Pygidium with longest paraphyses arising from the lateral corner of base of lobes (usually with 2 paraphyses between L1 and L2 and between L2 and L3); dorsum of pygidium divided into sclerotized areas; large V-shaped reticulate sclerotized area on A6 always present..............................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC3FFB91721F99EFA78FE11" ID-CoL="3VKY" authority="MacGillivray, 1921" authorityName="MacGillivray" authorityYear="1921" box="[1070,1436,386,407]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Crenulaspidiotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC3FFB91721F99EFB3FFE11" bold="true" box="[1070,1243,386,407]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Crenulaspidiotus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC3FFB917EFF99EFA78FE11" author="MacGillivray" box="[1248,1436,386,407]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="MacGillivray, A. D. (1921) The Coccidae. Tables for the Identification of the Subfamilies and Some of the More Important Genera and Species, together with Discussions. Scarab, Urbana, Ill., 502 pp." type="book" year="1921">MacGillivray, 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC3FFB91398F983FA78FE69" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,612]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC3FFB91398F983FA78FE69" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">13b. Pygidium with longest paraphyses in interlobular space(s); usually with 1 paraphysis between L1 and L2 and another between L2 and L3; dorsum of pygidium not divided into sclerotized areas and without a large V-shaped reticulate sclerotized area on A6.................................................................................. 14</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="30DF8AA9FFC3FFB91398F9EBFA78FDE2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC3FFB91398F9EBFA78FDAC" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,612]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC3FFB91398F9EBFA78FDAC" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
14a (13b). Anterior margin of head of mature female distinctly sclerotized, differentiated from lateral margin, resembling a “cap”..............................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC3FFB9179FFA09FA78FDAC" ID-CoL="5W2K" authority="Cockerell, 1897" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1897" box="[1168,1436,533,554]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Mycetaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC3FFB9179FFA09FB19FDAC" bold="true" box="[1168,1277,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mycetaspis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC3FFB9160CFA09FA78FDAC" author="Cockerell" box="[1283,1436,533,554]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1897) The San Jose Scale and its Nearest Allies. United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Technical Series, 6, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1897">Cockerell, 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B94920CFFC3FFB91398FA2EFA78FDE2" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,612]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
<keyLead id="30DA3139FFC3FFB91398FA2EFA78FDE2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||
14b. Anterior margin of head of mature female not distinctly sclerotized or differentiated from lateral margin, not resembling a “cap”......................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2BE98FFFC3FFB91784FA53FA78FDE2" ID-CoL="5NCG" authority="Cockerell, 1897" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityYear="1897" box="[1163,1436,591,612]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" genus="Melanaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B95F4E1EFFC3FFB91784FA53FB18FDE2" bold="true" box="[1163,1276,591,612]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Melanaspis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBAEFFDFFC3FFB9160CFA53FA78FDE2" author="Cockerell" box="[1283,1436,591,612]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1897) The San Jose Scale and its Nearest Allies. United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Technical Series, 6, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1897">Cockerell, 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |