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<mods:title id="078DCCBAA1E48AD374C7E94CC6AD1AB8">Taxonomic revision of the Cis-Andean species of Mylossoma Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy, 1903 (Teleostei: Characiformes: Serrasalmidae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFF2CFB3BB2C5FB54" ID-CoL="5WC6" ID-ENA="42521" authority="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy, 1903" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,662,1230,1256]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFF2CFB3BB2C5FB54" bold="true" box="[151,662,1230,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFF2CFB3BB173FB54" bold="true" box="[151,288,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Mylossoma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFE9CFB3BB2C5FB54" box="[295,662,1230,1256]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22450" refString="Eigenmann, C. H. &amp; Kennedy, C. H. (1903) On a collection of fishes from Paraguay, with a synopsis of the American genera of Cichlids. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 55, 497 - 537." type="journal article">Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy, 1903</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFF2CFAE0B2D6FA97" ID-CoL="5WC6" authority="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy, 1903: 530" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" authorityPageNumber="530" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,645,1301,1323]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFF2CFAE0B159FA97" box="[151,266,1301,1323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Mylossoma</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="084D10BA9244FFEFFEAFFAE0B2D6FA97" author="" box="[276,645,1301,1323]" page="530" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFEAFFAE0B202FA97" box="[276,593,1301,1323]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22450" refString="Eigenmann, C. H. &amp; Kennedy, C. H. (1903) On a collection of fishes from Paraguay, with a synopsis of the American genera of Cichlids. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 55, 497 - 537." type="journal article">Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy, 1903</bibRefCitation>
: 530
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</taxonomicName>
[original description; type-species by monotypy
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFB2BFAE0B0A9FAF6" ID-CoL="45397" authority="Cope, 1872" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1872" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myletes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albiscopus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFB2BFAE0B505FA97" box="[1168,1366,1301,1323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Myletes albiscopus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFADBFAE0B0A9FAF6" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22065" refString="Cope, E. D. (1872) On the fishes of the Ambyiacu River. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 23 (3), 250 - 294." type="journal article">Cope, 1872</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
].—Eigenmann, 1903: 148 [short diagnosis, etymology].—
<treatmentCitation id="084D10BA9244FFEFFCE8FAC1B44FFAF6" author="" box="[851,1052,1332,1354]" page="812" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFCE8FAC1B3B8FAF6" box="[851,1003,1332,1354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref24691" refString="Norman, J. R. (1929) The South American Characid fishes of the subfamily Serrasalmoninae with a revision of the genus Serrasalmus Lacepede. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 52, 781 - 829." type="journal article">Norman, 1929</bibRefCitation>
: 812
</treatmentCitation>
[revision].—
<treatmentCitation id="084D10BA9244FFEFFB1FFAC1B50EFAF6" author="" box="[1188,1373,1332,1354]" page="27" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFB1FFAC1B56AFAF6" box="[1188,1337,1332,1354]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22925" refString="Gosline, W. (1951) Notes on the Characoid fishes of the subfamily Serrasalminae. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 27, 17 - 64." type="journal article">Gosline, 1951</bibRefCitation>
: 27
</treatmentCitation>
[brief description].—
<treatmentCitation id="084D10BA9244FFEFFEE4FAA7B1A4FAD4" author="" box="[351,503,1362,1384]" page="48" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFEE4FAA7B180FAD4" box="[351,467,1362,1384]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22738" refString="Gery, J. (1976) Les genres de Serrasalmidae (Pisces, Characoidei). Bulletin Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit Van Amsterdam, 5, 47 - 54." type="journal article">Géry, 1976</bibRefCitation>
: 48
</treatmentCitation>
[checklist of
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFD38FAA7B346FAD4" ID-CoL="G8S" box="[643,789,1362,1384]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Serrasalmidae</taxonomicName>
, key to genera].—
<treatmentCitation id="084D10BA9244FFEFFC74FAA7B426FAD4" author="" box="[975,1141,1362,1384]" page="258" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFC74FAA7B417FAD4" box="[975,1092,1362,1384]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22769" refString="Gery, J. (1977) The Characoids of the world. T. F. H. Publications, Neptune City, 672 pp." type="book">Géry, 1977</bibRefCitation>
: 258
</treatmentCitation>
[comments on the genus].—
<treatmentCitation id="084D10BA9244FFEFFF7CFA84B213FA3B" author="" box="[199,576,1393,1415]" page="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFF7CFA84B27EFA3B" box="[199,557,1393,1415]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref24048" refString="Machado-Allison, A. &amp; Castillo, O. (1992) Estudios sobre la sistematica de la subfamilia Serrasalminae. IV. El genero Mylossoma: bases para la revision del grupo en America del Sur. Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 13, 1 - 34." type="journal article">Machado-Allison &amp; Castillo, 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 1
</treatmentCitation>
34 [morphological study on species from Venezuela].—
<treatmentCitation id="084D10BA9244FFEFFB2BFA84B561FA3B" author="" box="[1168,1330,1393,1415]" page="187" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFB2BFA84B552FA3B" box="[1168,1281,1393,1415]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref23203" refString="Jegu, M. (2003) Subfamily Serrasalminae: pacus and piranhas. In: Reis, R., Kullander, S. O. &amp; Ferraris Jr., C. S. (Eds.), Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. Edipucrs, Porto Alegre, pp. 182 - 196." type="book chapter">Jégu, 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 187
</treatmentCitation>
[checklist of valid species, synonimical list].
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="895336AB9244FFEFFF2CFA5BB4F1FA5F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1301,1507]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="A9FC11859244FFEFFF2CFA5BB4F1FA5F" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFF2CFA5BB1E6FA78" authority="Fowler, 1907: 476" authorityName="Fowler" authorityPageNumber="476" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,437,1454,1476]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Starksina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFF2CFA5BB0A5FA78" box="[151,246,1454,1476]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Starksina</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="084D10BA9244FFEFFF47FA5BB1E6FA78" author="" box="[252,437,1454,1476]" page="476" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFF47FA5BB1D6FA78" box="[252,389,1454,1476]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22672" refString="Fowler, H. W. (1907) Further knowledge of some heterognathous fishes. Part II. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 58, 431 - 483." type="journal article">Fowler, 1907</bibRefCitation>
: 476
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[original description; type-species by monotypy
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFC1CFA5BB4B5FA78" ID-CoL="4539Q" authority="Cope, 1872" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1872" box="[935,1254,1454,1476]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myletes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="herniarius">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFC1CFA5BB436FA78" box="[935,1125,1454,1476]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Myletes herniarius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFBD7FA5BB4B5FA78" box="[1132,1254,1454,1476]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22065" refString="Cope, E. D. (1872) On the fishes of the Ambyiacu River. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 23 (3), 250 - 294." type="journal article">Cope, 1872</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
].
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFF2CFA38B152FA5F" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,257,1485,1507]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFF2CFA38B152FA5F" box="[151,257,1485,1507]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Mylosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(sic).
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFE8DFA3BB103FA5F" box="[310,336,1486,1507]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277"></emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="084D10BA9244FFEFFEEBFA38B265FA5F" author="" box="[336,566,1485,1507]" page="444" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFEEBFA38B255FA5F" box="[336,518,1485,1507]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22318" refString="Eigenmann, C. H. (1910) Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of tropical and south temperate America. In: Reports of the Princeton University expeditions to Patagonia 1896 - 1899, Zoology, 3, 375 - 511." type="journal article">Eigenmann, 1910</bibRefCitation>
: 444
</treatmentCitation>
[checklist].—
<treatmentCitation id="084D10BA9244FFEFFD7EFA38B3FCFA5F" author="" box="[709,943,1485,1507]" page="261" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFD7EFA38B32EFA5F" box="[709,893,1485,1507]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22361" refString="Eigenmann, C. H. (1915) The Serrasalminae and Myleinae. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 9, 226 - 272, pls. XLIV - LVIII." type="journal article">Eigenmann, 1915</bibRefCitation>
: 261
</treatmentCitation>
, 265 [diagnosis in key].
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C1F665209244FFEFFF2CF9FAB56AF8BC" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="895336AB9244FFEFFF2CF9FAB56AF8BC" blockId="2.[151,1436,1551,1973]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFF2CF9FAB142F994" bold="true" box="[151,273,1551,1576]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFEA5F9FAB1CDF994" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" authorityYear="1903" box="[286,414,1551,1576]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFEA5F9FAB1CDF994" box="[286,414,1551,1576]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Mylossoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from the remaining
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFC20F9FAB469F994" box="[923,1082,1551,1576]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Serrasalmidae</taxonomicName>
genera by a single exclusive character: convex edge of anal fin with median and posterior rays longer than anterior ones (
<figureCitation id="11D72A2E9244FFEFFB7EF9C1B55BF9F0" box="[1221,1288,1588,1613]" captionStart="FIGURE1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,869,891]" captionTargetBox="[340,1248,195,845]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[340,1248,195,845]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE1. Mylossoma albiscopum, freshly collected,126 mm SL, IgarapéBelmont, right margin of rio Madeira, downstream the CachoeiraSanto Antônio(nowadays UHE SantoAntônio), 08°38'36''S 63°51'05''W, not preserved.Photo by Bruno Barros." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187414/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), and by the combination of the following non-exclusive characters: 1) absence of spine preceding the dorsal fin; 2) accessory scales covering intersection of main scales, mainly at the anterior portion of the body; 3) scales covering at least the first third of the anal fin; 4) adipose fin never rayed, entirely covered by scales in adults; 5) perforated lateral line scales with one, two or four perforations per scale; 6) two rows of robust teeth in the premaxilla (
<figureCitation id="11D72A2E9244FFEFFB59F931B574F960" box="[1250,1319,1732,1757]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[136,1451,995,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[112,1475,971,1748]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mylossoma albiscopum premaxillary (pmx) and dentary (den), INPA 45467, Careiro da Várzea, lagos do Catalão, Amazonas, Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187416/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
); 7) a pair of conical teeth behind the main dentary teeth row (
<figureCitation id="11D72A2E9244FFEFFD62F912B34DF8BC" box="[729,798,1767,1792]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1770,1792]" captionTargetBox="[136,1451,995,1723]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[112,1475,971,1748]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Mylossoma albiscopum premaxillary (pmx) and dentary (den), INPA 45467, Careiro da Várzea, lagos do Catalão, Amazonas, Brazil." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187416/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
); 8) highly developed spines in the ventral keel.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C1F665209244FFE9FF7CF8F9B3E4FE34" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="279" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="895336AB9244FFEFFF7CF8F9B338F809" blockId="2.[151,1436,1551,1973]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFF7CF8F9B168F899" bold="true" box="[199,315,1804,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFEFDF8F9B2FDF898" box="[326,686,1804,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22450" refString="Eigenmann, C. H. &amp; Kennedy, C. H. (1903) On a collection of fishes from Paraguay, with a synopsis of the American genera of Cichlids. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 55, 497 - 537." type="journal article">Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy (1903)</bibRefCitation>
did not provided a diagnosis for
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFBFBF8F9B4ECF899" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" authorityYear="1903" box="[1088,1215,1804,1829]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFBFBF8F9B4ECF899" box="[1088,1215,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Mylossoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but rather merely assigned
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFEBFF8DAB18CF8F4" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1872" box="[260,479,1839,1864]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Myletes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albiscopus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFEBFF8DAB18CF8F4" box="[260,479,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Myletes albiscopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to this genus, indicating it as a new generic name, at a footnote. Shortly after, Eigenmann (1903) presented a brief diagnosis for the genus, comparing it with
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFBAAF8A1B4DEF8D1" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" authorityYear="1903" box="[1041,1165,1876,1901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Colossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFBAAF8A1B4DEF8D1" box="[1041,1165,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Colossoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFB20F8A1B53FF8D1" box="[1179,1388,1876,1901]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22361" refString="Eigenmann, C. H. (1915) The Serrasalminae and Myleinae. Annals of the Carnegie Museum, 9, 226 - 272, pls. XLIV - LVIII." type="journal article">Eigenmann (1915)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFF2CF88DB114F82C" box="[151,327,1912,1936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref24691" refString="Norman, J. R. (1929) The South American Characid fishes of the subfamily Serrasalmoninae with a revision of the genus Serrasalmus Lacepede. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 52, 781 - 829." type="journal article">Norman (1929)</bibRefCitation>
, in their revisions of the
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFDDAF882B351F82C" box="[609,770,1911,1936]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Serrasalmidae</taxonomicName>
, described several additional species of
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289244FFEFFB7CF882B514F82C" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" authorityYear="1903" box="[1223,1351,1911,1936]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99244FFEFFB7CF882B514F82C" box="[1223,1351,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="277">Mylossoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but the genus remained without a formal diagnosis until
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9244FFEFFD00F869B334F809" box="[699,871,1948,1973]" pageId="2" pageNumber="277" refId="ref22925" refString="Gosline, W. (1951) Notes on the Characoid fishes of the subfamily Serrasalminae. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 27, 17 - 64." type="journal article">Gosline (1951)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DD9366239245FFEEFF2CFC90B5C4FC26" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187414/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" startId="3.[151,250,869,891]" targetBox="[340,1248,195,845]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="895336AB9245FFEEFF2CFC90B5C4FC26" blockId="3.[151,1436,869,922]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99245FFEEFF2CFC90B141FCC6" bold="true" box="[151,274,869,891]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99245FFEEFEA3FC90B25EFCC7" box="[280,525,869,891]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289245FFEEFEA3FC90B25AFCC7" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[280,521,869,891]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albiscopum">Mylossoma albiscopum</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
freshly collected, 126 mm SL, Igarapé Belmont, right margin of rio Madeira, downstream the Cachoeira Santo Antônio (nowadays UHE Santo Antônio), 08°38'36''S 63°51'05''W, not preserved. Photo by Bruno Barros.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DD9366239245FFEEFF2CF91FB100F8A3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187416/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" startId="3.[151,250,1770,1792]" targetBox="[136,1451,995,1723]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="895336AB9245FFEEFF2CF91FB100F8A3" blockId="3.[151,1436,1770,1823]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99245FFEEFF2CF91FB140F943" bold="true" box="[151,275,1770,1792]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289245FFEEFEA2F91FB25BF8BC" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[281,520,1770,1792]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="albiscopum">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99245FFEEFEA2F91FB25BF8BC" box="[281,520,1770,1792]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">Mylossoma albiscopum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
premaxillary (pmx) and dentary (den), INPA 45467, Careiro da Várzea, lagos do Catalão, Amazonas, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="895336AB9245FFEEFF7CF8B9B3ADF86C" blockId="3.[151,1436,1867,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9245FFEEFF7CF8B9B106F8D8" box="[199,341,1867,1892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" refId="ref22738" refString="Gery, J. (1976) Les genres de Serrasalmidae (Pisces, Characoidei). Bulletin Zoologisch Museum, Universiteit Van Amsterdam, 5, 47 - 54." type="journal article">Géry (1976)</bibRefCitation>
provided diagnosis and synonymic lists for the genera of
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289245FFEEFBAAF8BEB4E0F8D8" box="[1041,1203,1867,1892]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Serrasalmidae</taxonomicName>
, commented on the synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289245FFEEFE8AF89AB1CBF834" authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1907" box="[305,408,1903,1928]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Starksina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99245FFEEFE8AF89AB1CBF834" box="[305,408,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">Starksina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289245FFEEFE5CF89AB235F834" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" authorityYear="1903" box="[487,614,1903,1928]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99245FFEEFE5CF89AB235F834" box="[487,614,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">Mylossoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and in addition followed
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9245FFEEFC09F885B435F834" box="[946,1126,1904,1928]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" refId="ref24691" refString="Norman, J. R. (1929) The South American Characid fishes of the subfamily Serrasalmoninae with a revision of the genus Serrasalmus Lacepede. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 52, 781 - 829." type="journal article">Norman (1929)</bibRefCitation>
in recognizing five valid
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289245FFEEFF2CF866B144F810" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,279,1939,1964]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99245FFEEFF2CF866B144F810" box="[151,279,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">Mylossoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. Subsequently,
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9245FFEEFD99F861B2FEF810" box="[546,685,1940,1964]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" refId="ref22769" refString="Gery, J. (1977) The Characoids of the world. T. F. H. Publications, Neptune City, 672 pp." type="book">Géry (1977)</bibRefCitation>
briefly commented the morphology, allometry, and distribution of the valid
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289245FFEEFF44F842B12CF86C" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" authorityYear="1903" box="[255,383,1975,2000]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99245FFEEFF44F842B12CF86C" box="[255,383,1975,2000]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">Mylossoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, and provided a brief diagnosis for each of them.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="895336AB9245FFE9FF7CF829B42CFF44" blockId="3.[151,1436,1867,2036]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,392]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="279" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">
A more detailed analysis of
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289245FFEEFDBBF82EB22CF848" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" authorityYear="1903" box="[512,639,2011,2036]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99245FFEEFDBBF82EB22CF848" box="[512,639,2011,2036]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="278">Mylossoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was presented by
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9245FFEEFCF6F82EB48EF848" box="[845,1245,2011,2036]" pageId="3" pageNumber="278" refId="ref24048" refString="Machado-Allison, A. &amp; Castillo, O. (1992) Estudios sobre la sistematica de la subfamilia Serrasalminae. IV. El genero Mylossoma: bases para la revision del grupo en America del Sur. Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 13, 1 - 34." type="journal article">Machado-Allison &amp; Castillo (1992)</bibRefCitation>
on a paper about the species of the genus occurring in Venezuela. These authors analysed allometry, ontogenetical changes in the color pattern, and recognized as valid only
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289242FFE9FDC5FF48B310FF69" baseAuthorityName="Valenciennes" baseAuthorityYear="1850" box="[638,835,188,213]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acanthogaster">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99242FFE9FDC5FF48B310FF69" box="[638,835,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">M. acanthogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289242FFE9FCE9FF48B39FFF68" baseAuthorityName="Agassiz" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[850,972,189,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aureum">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99242FFE9FCE9FF48B39FFF68" box="[850,972,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">M. aureum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289242FFE9FBB8FF48B4CEFF69" baseAuthorityName="Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[1027,1181,188,213]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duriventre">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99242FFE9FBB8FF48B449FF68" box="[1027,1050,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99242FFE9FB92FF49B4CEFF69" box="[1065,1181,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">duriventre</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9242FFE9FB10FF49B562FF68" box="[1195,1329,188,212]" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" refId="ref23203" refString="Jegu, M. (2003) Subfamily Serrasalminae: pacus and piranhas. In: Reis, R., Kullander, S. O. &amp; Ferraris Jr., C. S. (Eds.), Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. Edipucrs, Porto Alegre, pp. 182 - 196." type="book chapter">Jégu (2003)</bibRefCitation>
followed
<bibRefCitation id="ED7D4B5A9242FFE9FF2CFF2AB274FF44" box="[151,551,223,248]" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" refId="ref24048" refString="Machado-Allison, A. &amp; Castillo, O. (1992) Estudios sobre la sistematica de la subfamilia Serrasalminae. IV. El genero Mylossoma: bases para la revision del grupo en America del Sur. Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 13, 1 - 34." type="journal article">Machado-Allison &amp; Castillo (1992)</bibRefCitation>
in recognizing only three valid species for the genus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="895336AB9242FFE9FF7CFEF1B3E4FE34" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">
<materialsCitation id="39843CF69242FFE9FF7CFEF1B3E4FE34" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1828873015" collectorName="La Plata" country="Uruguay" county="rio Orinoco" location="South America" municipality="South America" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Parana">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="4EEC4D289242FFE9FEF3FEF1B194FEA1" authorityName="Eigenmann &amp; Kennedy" authorityYear="1903" box="[328,455,260,285]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Serrasalmidae" genus="Mylossoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BB98EAB99242FFE9FEF3FEF1B194FEA1" box="[328,455,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">Mylossoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a broad geographical distribution, including the Lago Maracaibo basin in trans- Andean
<location id="8C3360709242FFE9FF40FED2B1FFFEFC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:014587BD9244FFE9FF2CFB3BB3E4FE34:8C3360709242FFE9FF40FED2B1FFFEFC" box="[251,428,295,320]" country="Uruguay" county="rio Orinoco" municipality="South America" name="South America" pageId="4" pageNumber="279" stateProvince="Parana">South America</location>
, and at the cis-Andean
<collectingMunicipality id="6937ACD19242FFE9FD74FED2B3D3FEFC" box="[719,896,295,320]" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">South America</collectingMunicipality>
, throughout the Amazon basin, including the Tocantins-Araguaia system, and is also widely distributed in the
<collectingCounty id="60324E279242FFE9FC3AFEB9B455FED9" box="[897,1030,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">rio Orinoco</collectingCounty>
and at the
<collectorName id="2419537D9242FFE9FB31FEB8B4BAFED9" box="[1162,1257,332,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">La Plata</collectorName>
basin, with the exception for the upper rio
<collectingRegion id="4B28F8499242FFE9FE73FE85B247FE34" box="[456,532,368,392]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">Paraná</collectingRegion>
and upper rio
<collectingCountry id="F1FB763B9242FFE9FD03FE9AB347FE34" box="[696,788,367,392]" name="Uruguay" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">Uruguai</collectingCountry>
basin (
<figureCitation id="11D72A2E9242FFE9FCDEFE9AB3FAFE34" box="[869,937,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1437,1459]" captionTargetBox="[232,1345,464,1395]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[226,1360,447,1412]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE3. Geographic distributionof the four Cis-Andean Mylossomaspecies.One dot may represent more than one locality. Red circles: M. albiscopum; yellow triangles: M. aureum; purple squares: M. duriventre; orange diamonds: M. unimaculatum. Mylossoma aureum is also recorded for the Río Orinoco basin (see text)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1187418/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="279">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>