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<document id="4F2CC4BD203259F004DE858618928264" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930600621601" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5232431" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629452529763" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Kott, Patricia" docDate="2006" docId="011D87C1FFE3CD501FD4FD5DE002FE73" docLanguage="en" docName="JNatHist.40.3-4.169-234.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 40 (3 - 4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930600621601" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5A9EB2ED5589A523F0236C66DE2A6BA8.4:JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="5A9EB2ED5589A523F0236C66DE2A6BA8" docStyleName="JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Sigillina exigua Kott 2006, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="185" masterDocId="FD24FFB9FFF3CD421E03FFA7E272FFAC" masterDocTitle="Observations on non-didemnid ascidians from Australian waters (1)" masterLastPageNumber="234" masterPageNumber="169" pageNumber="184" updateTime="1699073750233" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="25831B17EF3781D662F23E7E086C87ED">
<mods:title id="7D02CE9FA7E94F6C604F38E0F3592DAC">Observations on non-didemnid ascidians from Australian waters (1)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DC6C1B3D86E6687BA4C4244CE2E3B458">Kott, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C4CAF317C323AB2C9089FEC8FA457690">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F6862D4D42CE83FBDC52B88842275E5C">2006</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="24E67F3AA2B7A03F1833AA0C17211501" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="227F876B98FC2F6A8A58EE0FF85BEA16">2006-04-26</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="39C94DB38653211078B7F8A1A4B8F10B" type="volume">
<mods:number id="4B7C02B8A7C9C4EEE8948AC26489979D">40</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="78298E25A0E8C88D34CACE8F488CD989">3 - 4</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E13E0F971E4BBA0A18E47492C084EDFD" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930600621601</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A4AC4CF5516D1005B0BD762BED8071A2" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4B5046AB6B5E4BE6BF562C7BD30C67D3" type="Zenodo-Dep">5232431</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="011D87C1FFE3CD501FD4FD5DE002FE73" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7222950" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7222950" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:011D87C1FFE3CD501FD4FD5DE002FE73" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/011D87C1FFE3CD501FD4FD5DE002FE73" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">
<subSubSection id="C1AE655CFFE3CD521FD4FD5DE17AFCBE" box="[471,776,762,786]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE3CD521FD4FD5DE17AFCBE" blockId="16.[471,776,762,819]" box="[471,776,762,786]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">
<heading id="D24381BBFFE3CD521FD4FD5DE17AFCBE" box="[471,776,762,786]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE3CD521FD4FD5DE0D0FCBE" ID-CoL="6YNV7" authority="Kott, 2006" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2006" box="[471,674,762,786]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Holozoidae" genus="Sigillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exigua" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE3CD521FD4FD5DE0D0FCBE" bold="true" box="[471,674,762,786]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">Sigillina exigua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A0F357BEFFE3CD521CAFFD5DE17AFCBE" box="[684,776,762,786]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C1AE655CFFE3CD521FF2FCBCE0A8FC9F" box="[497,730,795,819]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" type="description">
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE3CD521FF2FCBCE0A8FC9F" blockId="16.[471,776,762,819]" box="[497,730,795,819]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">
(
<figureCitation id="118F2A52FFE3CD521FFAFCBCE0EFFC9F" box="[505,669,795,819]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="17.[138,198,1356,1375]" captionTargetBox="[139,1184,134,1319]" captionTargetId="figure-74@17.[138,1185,133,1320]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 2. (A–C) Sigillina exigua sp. nov. (SAM E3300, syntype): (A) colony; (B) zooid; (C) larva. (D–F) Eucoelium orientalis: (D, E) colonies; (F) vertical section through colony showing position of sub-surface spicule layer. (G) Eudistoma anaematum (AIMS 17693): larva. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B, C); 1 cm (D–F); 0.1 mm (G)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5232435" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5232435/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">Figures 2A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="118F2A52FFE3CD521CA8FCBCE0A3FC9F" box="[683,721,795,819]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="59.[138,198,1584,1603]" captionTargetBox="[179,1144,127,1548]" captionTargetId="figure-1@59.[179,1145,127,1548]" captionTargetPageId="59" captionText="Figure 8. In situ images of: (A) Pseudodiazona claviformis (SAM E3280); (B) Pycnoclavella tabella (SAM E3290); (C) Stomozoa australiensis (SAM E3285); (D) Sigillina exigua (SAM E3300, syntype); (E) Distaplia australiensis (SAM E3294); (F) Distaplia australiensis (SAM E3295); (G) Distaplia florida (SAM E3293); (H) Distaplia pallida (SAM E3273)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5232449" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5232449/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">8D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C1AE655CFFE3CD521E7EFCCCE654FC78" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE3CD521E7EFCCCE28FFC2F" blockId="16.[125,253,875,899]" box="[125,253,875,899]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE3CD521E7EFCCCE28FFC2F" box="[125,253,875,899]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE3CD521E7EFC3BE654FC78" blockId="16.[125,1172,924,980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE3CD521E7EFC3BE360FC18" box="[125,274,924,948]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">Type locality.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="39DC3C8AFFE3CD521F1CFC3BE650FC78" collectingDate="1999-12-10" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="K. Gowlett Holmes" elevation="11" location="'' The Arches' ', Western River" municipality="Kangaroo I." pageId="16" pageNumber="184" specimenCode="SAM E3300" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South Australia" typeStatus="syntype">
<collectingRegion id="4B70F835FFE3CD521F1CFC3BE3A4FC18" box="[287,470,924,948]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">South Australia</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="696FACADFFE3CD521FE4FC3BE00AFC18" box="[487,632,924,948]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">Kangaroo I.</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8C6B600CFFE3CD521C8BFC3BE19FFC18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:011D87C1FFE3CD501FD4FD5DE002FE73:8C6B600CFFE3CD521C8BFC3BE19FFC18" box="[648,1005,924,948]" municipality="Kangaroo I." name="'' The Arches' ', Western River" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" stateProvince="South Australia">‘‘The Arches’’, Western River</location>
, on rock wall,
<quantity id="4E4C9B32FFE3CD521E7EFC1BE296FC78" box="[125,228,956,980]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" unit="m" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">
<elevation id="0299D1E4FFE3CD521E7EFC1BE296FC78" box="[125,228,956,980]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" unit="m" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, coll.
<collectorName id="24415301FFE3CD521F28FC1BE064FC78" box="[299,534,956,980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">K. Gowlett Holmes</collectorName>
,
<date id="FD0A1017FFE3CD521C20FC1BE17AFC78" box="[547,776,956,980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" value="1999-12-10">
<collectingDate id="ED4EE9FFFFE3CD521C20FC1BE17AFC78" box="[547,776,956,980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" value="1999-12-10">10 December 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<typeStatus id="560F8875FFE3CD521D15FC1BE10AFC78" box="[790,888,956,980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="D9129EACFFE3CD521D82FC1BE66BFC78" box="[897,1049,956,980]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">SAM E3300</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C1AE655CFFE3CD521E7EFBABE19EFA78" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" type="description">
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE3CD521E7EFBABE287FB88" blockId="16.[125,245,1036,1060]" box="[125,245,1036,1060]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE3CD521E7EFBABE287FB88" box="[125,245,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE3CD521E7EFB9BE168FB78" blockId="16.[125,1173,1084,1492]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">
Colonies are small flat-topped cushions, about
<quantity id="4E4C9B32FFE3CD521C99FB9BE0A2FBF8" box="[666,720,1084,1108]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
diameter and to
<quantity id="4E4C9B32FFE3CD521D90FB9BE1A6FBF8" box="[915,980,1084,1108]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
high attached to calcareous debris. Zooids open on the upper surface. The test is soft and transparent. Zooids are short, about
<quantity id="4E4C9B32FFE3CD521FA2FBDBE390FB38" box="[417,482,1148,1172]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long, the thorax, abdomen and posterior abdomen being each about equal in length. A short vascular stolon is at the posterior end of the body. Both six-lobed apertures are on the anterior end of the thorax.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE3CD521E9BFB7BE3D5FA98" blockId="16.[125,1173,1084,1492]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">Three long rows of stigmata are in the branchial sac. Gonads are in the abdomen. A large almost spherical brood pouch constricted off from the postero-dorsal corner of the thorax contains a single embryo.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE3CD521E9BFA9AE19EFA78" blockId="16.[125,1173,1084,1492]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">
The larval trunk is spherical and
<quantity id="4E4C9B32FFE3CD521C11FA9AE018FAF9" box="[530,618,1341,1365]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
diameter. An otolith and ocellus and three rows of stigmata are in the oozooid. Two large flat-topped adhesive organs, each in a thin-walled epidermal cup and with a short thick stalk, are depressed into the trunk in the anteromedian line. Three large median ectodermal ampullae alternate with the adhesive organs and curve around their stalks. The tail winds completely around the trunk.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C1AE655CFFE3CD501E7EF9AAE002FE73" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE3CD521E7EF9AAE2AEF989" blockId="16.[125,220,1549,1573]" box="[125,220,1549,1573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE3CD521E7EF9AAE2AEF989" box="[125,220,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE3CD531E7EF99AE2AEF99F" blockId="16.[125,1172,1597,1685]" lastBlockId="17.[138,1185,1499,1685]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">
The cushion-like colonies and the zooids are particularly small for this genus. The species most closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE3CD521F98F9FAE068F9D9" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[411,538,1629,1653]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Holozoidae" genus="Sigillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signifera">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE3CD521F98F9FAE068F9D9" box="[411,538,1629,1653]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">S. signifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, having flat-topped colonies and two large adhesive organs. However, both zooids and larvae of the present species are smaller (
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE3CD521A14F9DAE6E6F939" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1047,1172,1661,1685]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Holozoidae" genus="Sigillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="16" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signifera">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE3CD521A14F9DAE655F939" box="[1047,1063,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE3CD521A39F9DAE6E6F939" box="[1082,1172,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="184">signifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
larvae having a trunk
<quantity id="4E4C9B32FFE2CD531F81FA7CE3ABFA5F" box="[386,473,1499,1523]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="185" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long). The present species from the southern Atlantic may be a sister species isolated from
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE2CD531FD9FA5CE026F9BF" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[474,596,1531,1555]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Holozoidae" genus="Sigillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="17" pageNumber="185" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="signifera">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE2CD531FD9FA5CE026F9BF" box="[474,596,1531,1555]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="185">S. signifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which has a wide range and is common in tropical waters.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DDCB665FFFE2CD531E89FAEBE2C1FA03" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5232435" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5232435" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5232435/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="185" startId="17.[138,198,1356,1375]" targetBox="[139,1184,134,1319]" targetPageId="17">
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE2CD531E89FAEBE2C1FA03" blockId="17.[138,1185,1356,1455]" pageId="17" pageNumber="185">
Figure 2. (A–C)
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE2CD531F37FAEBE3CDFAF3" authority="Kott, 2006" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2006" box="[308,447,1356,1375]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Holozoidae" genus="Sigillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="17" pageNumber="185" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="exigua" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE2CD531F37FAEBE3CDFAF3" box="[308,447,1356,1375]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="185">Sigillina exigua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A0F357BEFFE2CD531FC8FAEBE06BFAF3" box="[459,537,1356,1375]" pageId="17" pageNumber="185" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(SAM E3300, syntype): (A) colony; (B) zooid; (C) larva. (D–F)
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE2CD531E89FAC0E34AFAD6" baseAuthorityName="Kott" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[138,312,1383,1402]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eucoelium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="17" pageNumber="185" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE2CD531E89FAC0E34AFAD6" box="[138,312,1383,1402]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="185">Eucoelium orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: (D, E) colonies; (F) vertical section through colony showing position of sub-surface spicule layer. (G)
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE2CD531EEAFA25E3C0FA39" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1990" box="[233,434,1410,1429]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="17" pageNumber="185" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anaematum">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE2CD531EEAFA25E3C0FA39" box="[233,434,1410,1429]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="185">Eudistoma anaematum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(AIMS 17693): larva. Scale bars: 1 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B, C); 1 cm (D–F); 0.1 mm (G).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="890B36D7FFE2CD501EA6F99BE002FE73" blockId="17.[138,1185,1499,1685]" lastBlockId="18.[125,1173,136,479]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="17" pageNumber="185">
The separately opening zooids, large larval trunks, wide, flat-topped, thick stalked larval adhesive organs, the three long rows of stigmata and the postero-dorsal thoracic brood pouch are characteristic of both this genus and
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE2CD531CACF9DAE13FF939" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1924" box="[687,845,1661,1685]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="17" pageNumber="185" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE2CD531CACF9DAE13FF939" box="[687,845,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="185">Pseudodistoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is distinguished by its long posterior abdomen containing the gonads and the lack of the posterior abdominal vascular stolon of
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE1CD501F6FFF0FE3B4FF6C" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[364,454,168,192]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Holozoidae" genus="Sigillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE1CD501F6FFF0FE3B4FF6C" box="[364,454,168,192]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="186">Sigillina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="ED254B26FFE1CD501FE3FF0FE0F0FF6C" author="Kott P" box="[480,642,168,192]" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" pagination="377 - 620" refId="ref28335" refString="Kott P. 1992 a. The Australian Ascidiacea, Pt 3 Aplousobranchia (2). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 32: 377 - 620." type="journal article" year="1992">Kott (1992a)</bibRefCitation>
overlooked the similarity of
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE1CD501DFEFF0FE625FF6C" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[1021,1111,168,192]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Holozoidae" genus="Sigillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE1CD501DFEFF0FE625FF6C" box="[1021,1111,168,192]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="186">Sigillina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE1CD501E7EFF6FE369FF4C" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1924" box="[125,283,200,224]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE1CD501E7EFF6FE369FF4C" box="[125,283,200,224]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="186">Pseudodistoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and, although she later (
<bibRefCitation id="ED254B26FFE1CD501C57FF6FE0A4FF4C" author="Kott P" box="[596,726,200,224]" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" pagination="259 - 261" refId="ref28387" refString="Kott P. 1998. Tunicata. In: Wells A, Houston WWK, editors. Zoological catalogue of Australia. Volume 34, Hemichordata, Tunicata, Cephalochordata. Melbourne: CSIRO Publishing. p 51 - 252, 259 - 261 (Appendices I - III), 265 - 292 (Index)." type="journal article" year="1998">Kott 1998</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="ED254B26FFE1CD501CE5FF6FE140FF4C" author="Kott P" box="[742,818,200,224]" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" refId="ref28581" refString="Kott P. 2005 b. Catalogue of Tunicata in Australian waters [CDROM]. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study. 301 p." type="book" year="2005">2005b</bibRefCitation>
) emphasized the remarkable, large larval adhesive organs in
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE1CD501FF1FF4FE0E2FEAC" authorityName="Michaelsen" authorityYear="1924" box="[498,656,232,256]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" genus="Pseudodistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE1CD501FF1FF4FE0E2FEAC" box="[498,656,232,256]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="186">Pseudodistoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, she again overlooked their likeness to the adhesive organs of
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE1CD501F67FEAFE3B5FE8C" box="[356,455,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="186">
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE1CD501F67FEAFE3B1FE8C" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[356,451,264,288]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Holozoidae" genus="Sigillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Sigillina</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
It is possible the relationship of
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE1CD501D5BFEAFE1C0FE8C" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[856,946,264,288]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Holozoidae" genus="Sigillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE1CD501D5BFEAFE1C0FE8C" box="[856,946,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="186">Sigillina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to the
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE1CD501A13FEAFE6E6FE8C" authorityName="Berrill" authorityYear="1950" box="[1040,1172,264,288]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Holozoidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Holozoidae</taxonomicName>
based on the pattern of replication from the large vascular stolon (see
<bibRefCitation id="ED254B26FFE1CD501D9DFE8FE636FEEC" author="Caullery M" box="[926,1092,296,320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref27522" refString="Caullery M. 1909. Recherches sur la famille des Distomidae. Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique 42: 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1909">Caullery 1909</bibRefCitation>
) could be less important than it previously was thought to be; and that the presence of the gonads in a posterior abdomen with conspicuous bands of longitudinal muscles along each side (that distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE1CD501F68FE20E05AFE33" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="1992" box="[363,552,391,415]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Pseudodistomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE1CD501F68FE20E05AFE33" box="[363,552,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="186">Pseudodistomidae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4EB44D54FFE1CD501C83FE20E0A8FE33" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[640,730,391,415]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Holozoidae" genus="Sigillina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="186" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BBC0EAC5FFE1CD501C83FE20E0A8FE33" box="[640,730,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="186">Sigillina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) may be less compelling than the characters (listed above) that are shared by these genera and suggest a closer phylogenetic relationship than previously was proposed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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