Evolutionary significance of the retiolitine Gothograptus (Graptolithina) with four new species from the Silurian of the East European Platform (Baltica), Poland and Lithuania
Author
Kozłowska, Anna
Author
Bates, Denis
Author
Zalasiewicz, Jan
Author
Radzevičius, Sigitas
text
Zootaxa
2019
2019-03-21
4568
3
435
469
journal article
28123
10.11646/zootaxa.4568.3.2
d40eb95b-5a98-418a-b607-7c2cbec7c897
1175-5326
2601607
8FD0AC89-424E-4CAC-92A5-A5600A481140
Gothograptus diminutus
n. sp.
Fig. 23
1999
Gothograptus nassa
(
Holm, 1890
)
, Kozłowska-Dawidziuk, p. 156, fig. 3B.
2016
Gothograptus nassa
(
Holm, 1890
)
, Kozłowska, p. 535, fig. 1b.
Type material
.
Holotype
ZPAL G.29/21, mature specimen with six pairs of thecae (
Fig. 23B, C, E
);
paratype
ZPAL G.55/34, mature tubarium with six pairs of thecae and appendix (
Fig. 23D
). Bartoszyce IG-1well, depth
1659.9 m
,
Poland
,
parvus
/
nassa
Biozone.
Etymology
. Latin
diminutus—
relating to the small size of the finite tubarium.
Diagnosis
. Small finite tubarium reaching six or seven pairs of thecae and appendix. Genicular structures of the
nassa
type
of hood are usually developed on medial and distal thecae. It differs from other
Gothograptus
species in the small hoods and small number of thecae.
Material
. Bartoszyce IG-1 core,
Poland
,
parvus
/
nassa
Biozone
, depths
1659.9 m
; five mature specimens, and about 60 young tubaria or fragments;
1658.8 m
, a few specimens.
Description
. Tubaria of
G. diminutus
n. sp.
are small; length of mature tubarium with six pairs of thecae and appendix is about 5.0–
5.5 mm
. Nema short. Length of appendix is about
0.6 mm
. Width of proximal end above the ancora umbrella rim is
0.7 mm
. Maximum width of tubarium reaches about
0.9 mm
at the level of second and third pairs of thecae. The tubarium slowly tapers distally; below the appendix it is
0.4–0.5 mm
wide. Mid-ventral lists are slightly longer in medial thecae, about
0.7 mm
. Length of mid-ventral list of th1
1
is
0.35 mm
. Mature tubaria have
nassa
-
type
hoods developed on medial and distal thecae. The biggest hoods are in distal thecae. Mature tubaria usually have thin lists and poorly developed reticulum (
Fig. 23A, D
). Some membrane of the metasicula is observed (
Fig. 23B, F
). The outer ancora is not observed.
Remarks
.
Gothograptus diminutus
n. sp.
is the smallest form among the
Gothograptus
species. It is distinctive in that its mature tubaria do not have thick lists and dense reticulum, characteristic of mature colonies of all other
Gothograptus
species. This form is comparable in size to the dwarf monograptid,
Pristiograptus parvus
. It is noteworthy that both species occur at the same stratigraphical level, in the
parvus
/
nassa
Biozone. This
material comes only from the Bartoszyce IG-1core of
Poland
.