A taxonomic revision of Rhamnus L. and Atadinus Raf. (Rhamnaceae) in Iran Author Alijanpoor, Behnaz 0000-0002-9698-2592 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, 5 Km Khorramabad toward Tehran, P. O. Box 6815144316 - 465 Khorramabad, Iran. & alijanpour. be @ fs. lu. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9698 - 2592 alijanpour.be@fs.lu.ac.ir Author Khodayari, Hamed 0000-0003-0614-2600 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, 5 Km Khorramabad toward Tehran, P. O. Box 6815144316 - 465 Khorramabad, Iran. & khodayari. h @ lu. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0614 - 2600 khodayari.h@lu.ac.ir Author Assadi, Mostafa 0000-0001-9014-585X Department of Botany, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), P. O. Box 13185 - 116, Tehran, Iran. & assadi @ rifr-ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9014 - 585 X assadi@rifr-ac.ir Author Rahiminejad, Mohammadreza 0000-0003-2459-482X Department of Biology, University of Isfahan, 81746 - 73441, Isfahan, Iran. & mrr @ sci. ui. ac. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2459 - 482 X mrr@sci.ui.ac.ir Author Mehregan, Iraj 0000-0002-5108-2558 Department of Biology, Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. & iraj @ daad-alumni. de; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5108 - 2558 iraj@daad-alumni.de text Phytotaxa 2021 2021-09-30 521 3 127 158 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.521.3.1 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.521.3.1 1179-3163 5540457 Key to subspecies of R. pallasii 1. branches without densely spines; leaves of specimen in each node clearly inequal (long leaves 2 or more times longer than short leaves in each node), narrow, homomorphic, and linear or oblong or rarely narrow lanceolate, more than 5 times longer than wide, lateral nerves mostly in 2–4 pairs.......................................................................................................................................................2 - branches with densely spines; leaves of specimen in each node almost unequal, large, polymomorphic (spathulate, elliptic, ovoid, rhomboid, lanceolate), up to 5 times longer than width; lateral nerves mostly in 4–6 pairs..............................................................3 2. Rocky to pasture habitat; leaves green, monomorphic and mainly oblong; main vein white or green; petioles green; obtuse at apex; leaves up to 8 time longer than wide; anthers oblong, lateral nerves mostly 3–4 pairs; N, C & W Iran ................................................................................................................................................. 3b. R . pallasii . subsp mazandaranica - Rocky and cliff habitat; leaves greenish yellow, monomorphic and linear; main vein greenish yellow; petioles cream; acute at apex; leaves more than 8 time longer than wide; anthers elliptic, lateral nerves mostly 2–3 pairs; W & C (rarely) N Iran ......................... ............................................................................................................................................................... 3a. R. pallasii subsp. pallasii 3. Plants spreading, up to 150 cm high; stems mostly dark grey; branches with many intricate spines; mainly with open (obtuse) angles; leaves polymorphic, with regular deep marginal teeth; lateral nerves conspicuous, leaves length up to 2.5 times longer than wide; obtuse or acute at apex; flower about 3 mm high; N & EN Iran ..............................................3c. R. pallasii . subsp. sintenisii - Plants erect, up to 300 cm high; stems mostly brownish yellow; branches with a few spines; not intricate, mainly with close (sharp) angles; leaves dimorphic, with irreregular superficial marginal teeth; lateral nerves inconspicuous, rarely with entire leaves; leaves length 2.5 time longer than width; obtuse at apex; flowers 3–5 mm high; W & C Iran ............ 3d. Rhamnus pallasii subsp. iranica