Australian Goblin Spiders Of The Genus Ischnothyreus (Araneae, Oonopidae)
Author
Edward, Karen L.
Author
Harvey, Mark S.
text
Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
2014
2014-06-06
2014
389
1
144
http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1206/865.1
journal article
10.1206/865.1
0003-0090
5380163
Ischnothyreus tumidus
,
new species
Figures 7–8
, map 3
TYPES:
AUSTRALIA
:
Queensland
:
Male
holotype
from Cape Tribulation,
16.08333
°
S
,
145.46666
°
E
(
20–29 July 1992
, R. Forster), deposited in QM (
S78176
, PBI_OON 00022791). Female
allotype
from
1.5 km
NW Cape Tribulation (Site 1),
16.08333
°
S
,
145.4667
°
E
,
1 m
(
23 Sept. 1982
, G. Monteith, D. Yeates, G. Thompson), deposited in QM (
S16068
, PBI_OON 00025962).
ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet is derived from the Latin
tumidus
meaning ‘‘swelling’’ (
Brown, 1956
), and refers to the distinct subdistal swelling on the fang of the male of this species.
DIAGNOSIS: Males of this species possess a uniquely shaped cheliceral fang, which is subdistally and basally swollen (fig. 8C, D). The clypeus, hyaline grooves, anterolateral corners of the carapace, endites, and the lateral edges of the labium are all heavily sclerotized (fig. 7G–H). Females can be distinguished by the two heavily sclerotized lobes or processes overhanging the anterior portion of an ovoid epigynal atrium, and a weak horizontal sclerotization connected to the posteriorly directed lateral apodemes (figs. 7I, 8F).
MALE (PBI_OON 22791, figs. 7A–C, G– H, 8 A–E). Total length 1.65. CEPHALO- THORAX:
Carapace
orange-brown, broadly oval in dorsal view, pars cephalica strongly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to between 0.5 and 0.75 times its maximum width, anterolateral corners with heavily sclerotized triangular projections, surface of elevated portion of pars cephalica finely reticulate, sides strongly reticulate.
Clypeus
margin strongly sclerotized, straight in front view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by more than their radius; setae dark.
Eyes:
ALE largest, ALE circular, PME oval, PLE oval; posterior eye row straight from above; ALE touching, ALE-PLE touching.
Sternum
longer than wide, pale orange, uniform; setae dark, evenly scattered. Chelicerae, endites, and labium pale orange to red-brown. Chelicerae straight, anterior face with conical apophysis, fang with enlarged subdistal and basal swelling; promargin with one much larger denticle or tooth; setae dark. Labium elongated hexagon, not fused to sternum, anterior margin indented at middle, heavy sclerotization either side; with six or more setae on anterior margin. Endites anteromedian tip with one strong, toothlike projection, much more heavily sclerotized than sternum. ABDO-
MEN
: Ovoid; dorsum soft portions white. Book lung covers elliptical. Dorsal scutum pale orange-brown, covering more than 3/4 of abdomen, more than 1/2 to most of abdomen width, middle surface smooth, sides smooth. Epigastric scutum small lateral sclerites absent. Postepigastric scutum pale orange, covering about 3/4 of abdominal length. Dorsum, epigastric area, and postepigastric area setae dark. LEGS: Pale orange, without color pattern; patella plus tibia I shorter than carapace. Leg spination: femora: I p0-2-0; II p0-1-0; tibiae: I, II p2-2- 0; v2-2-0; metatarsi: I, II p1-1-0; v1-1-0. GENITALIA: Palp proximal segments dark red-brown; embolus dark; femur shorter than trochanter; patella about as long as femur; cymbium dark red-brown; bulb dark redbrown, 1 to 1.5 times as long as cymbium, stout; embolic region of palp obtusely bent at right angle to palpal bulb, elongate, tapering to slightly pointed tip; presumed embolus opening situated in dark colored region near bend (fig. 8A).
FEMALE (PBI_OON 25962, figs. 7D–F, I, 8F). Total length 2.22. CEPHALOTHO- RAX:
Carapace
pars cephalica slightly elevated in lateral view.
Clypeus
straight in front view. Chelicerae slightly divergent. ABDO-
MEN
: Ovoid. Dorsal scutum covering 1/2 to 3/4 of abdomen, between 1/4 and 1/2 abdomen width. Epigastric scutum small lateral sclerites present. Postepigastric scutum short, only around epigastric furrow. LEGS: Leg spination: femora: I p0-2-0; II p0- 1-0; tibiae: I, II p2-2-0; v2-2-0; metatarsi: I, II p1-1-0; v1-1-0. GENITALIA: Ventral view: epigastric furrow procurved; epigynal atrium ovoid, two heavily sclerotized lobes or processes overhang anterior portion; convoluted duct thicker than apodemes, weak horizontal sclerotization connects to posteriorly directed lateral apodemes (figs. 7I, 8F).
OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUS- TRALIA:
Queensland
:
Cape Tribulation
,
1 km
WNW, rainforest,
10 m
,
16.04000
°
S
,
145.28000
°
E
,
Jan. 4–Feb. 1, 1996
(
L. Umback
,
QM
S95896
,
PBI
_
OON 5840
),
1 ♀
;
Cape Tribulation
, rainforest,
16.08333
°
S
,
145.46666
°
E
,
July 20–29, 1992
(
R. Forster
,
QM
S78150
,
PBI
_OON 22781),
3 ♀
;
Cape Tribulation
, rainforest,
16.08333
°
S
,
145.46666
°
E
,
July 20–29, 1992
(
R. Forster
,
QM
S78176
,
PBI
_OON 25756),
2 ♀
;
Cape Tribulation
, rainforest, leaf litter,
10 m
,
16.08333
°
S
,
145.43330
°
E
,
Oct. 13, 1980
(
G. Monteith
,
QM
S12953
,
PBI
_OON 25767), 1 ³
;
Cape Tribulation
, rainforest, leaf litter,
10 m
,
16.08333
°
S
,
145.43330
°
E
,
Oct. 13, 1980
(
G. Monteith
,
QM
S12953
,
PBI
_OON 25769),
1 ♀
;
Cape Tribulation
,
1.5 km
NW (
Site
1), rainforest, leaf litter,
1 m
,
16.08333
°
S
,
145.46670
°
E
,
Oct. 3, 1982
(
G. Monteith
,
D. Yeates
,
G. Thompson
,
QM
S16087
,
PBI
_OON 25768),
1 ♀
;
Cape Tribulation
,
Pilgrim Sands
, rainforest,
5 m
,
16.08333
°
S
,
145.43330
°
E
,
Aug. 24–29, 1988
(
R. Raven
,
J. Gallon
,
T. Churchill
,
QM
S14036
,
PBI
_OON 21949), 2 ³,
2 ♀
;
Daintree National Park
,
Cowie
range, rainforest, leaf litter,
15.98277
°
S
,
145.41472
°
E
,
May 11, 2009
(
K. Edward
and
P. Cullen
,
QM
S95897
), 1 ³,
1 ♀
;
Daintree National Park
;
Cowie
range,
Bloomfield Road
, rainforest, leaf litter
,
Fig. 7.
Ischnothyreus tumidus
,
sp. nov.
Holotype male (PBI_OON 00022791):
A.
habitus, dorsal view;
B.
habitus, ventral view;
C.
habitus, lateral view;
G.
carapace, anterior view;
H.
sternum, ventral view. Allotype female (PBI_OON 00025962):
D.
habitus, dorsal view;
E.
habitus, ventral view;
F.
habitus, lateral view;
I.
epigynum, ventral view.
Fig. 8.
Ischnothyreus tumidus
,
sp. nov.
Holotype male (PBI_OON 00022791):
A.
left palp, prolateral view;
B.
left palp, retrolateral view;
C.
left chelicerae, anterior view;
D.
left chelicerae, posterior view;
E.
left palp, dorsal view. Allotype female (PBI_OON 00025962):
F.
epigynum, ventral view. Scale lines 5 0.1 mm.
Map 3. Map of northeastern
Queensland
, northern Wet Tropics Bioregion, showing recorded distributions of
Ischnothyreus tumidus
(+),
I. bifidus
(
N
) and
I. digitus
(Z). Wet Tropics upland subregions outlined in grey (see map 1).
15.98277
°
S
,
145.39638
°
E
,
May 11, 2009
(
K. Edward
and P.
Cullen
,
QM
S95898
,
PBI
_
OON 5540
),
1 ♀
;
Daintree National Park
;
Donovan Range
,
Bloomfield
track
N of Cape Tribulation
, rainforest, leaf litter,
16.00000
°
S
,
145.44750
°
E
,
May 11, 2009
(
K. Edward
and
P. Cullen
,
QM
S95899
), 1 ³
;
Daintree National Park
,
Donovan Range
,
Bloomfield
track
N of Cape Tribulation
, rainforest, leaf litter,
16.00000
°
S
,
145.44750
°
E
,
May 11, 2009
(
K. Edward
and
P. Cullen
,
QM
S95900
,
PBI
_
OON 5564
),
1 ♀
;
Home Rule Falls
track, near
Big Tableland National Park
, rainforest, leaf litter,
15.74555
°
S
,
145.29500
°
E
,
May 11, 2009
(
K. Edward
and
P. Cullen
,
QM
S95901
,
PBI
_
OON 5544
),
2 ♀
;
Keating’s Gap
,
Mount Cook
, rainforest,
15.50000
°
S
,
145.23330
°
E
,
July 20–Nov. 28, 1992
(
R. Raven
,
P. Lawless
, E.
Lawless
, M.
Shaw
,
QM
S22597
,
PBI
_OON 21999), 1 ³
;
Mount Sorrow
plateau, rainforest, leaf litter,
750 m
,
16.08333
°
S
,
145.43330
°
E
,
Dec. 10, 1993
(
G. Monteith
,
QM
S49684
,
PBI
_OON 22123), 1 ³
;
Pilgrim Sands
(NQ 25), rainforest,
16.07000
°
S
,
145.46670
°
E
,
Nov. 5, 1991
, to
July 20, 1992
(
R. Raven
,
P. Lawless
, M.
Shaw
,
QM
S24872
,
PBI
_OON 22034),
1 ♀
;
Pilgrim Sands
(NQ 25), rainforest,
16.07000
°
S
,
145.46670
°
E
,
July 21– Nov. 29, 1992
(
R. Raven
,
P. Lawless
, M.
Shaw
,
QM
S24045
,
PBI
_OON 22093),
1 ♀
;
Shiptons Flat
, rainforest, leaf litter,
200 m
,
15.80000
°
S
,
145.25000
°
E
,
Nov. 30, 1985
(
D.K. Yeates
,
QM
S22734
,
PBI
_OON 21699),
1 ♀
.
DISTRIBUTION: This species is known from the northern subregions of the Wet Tropics Bioregion (CL, BL, FU, TU, and TL), in northeastern
Queensland
(map 3).