A late Paleocene fauna from shallow-water chemosynthesis-based ecosystems, Spitsbergen, Svalbard
Author
Hryniewicz, Krzysztof
Author
Amano, Kazutaka
Author
Bitner, Maria Aleksandra
Author
Hagström, Jonas
Author
Kiel, Steffen
Author
Klompmaker, Adiël A.
Author
Mörs, Thomas
Author
Robins, Cristina M.
Author
Kaim, Andrzej
text
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
2019
2019-02-13
64
1
101
141
http://dx.doi.org/10.4202/app.00554.2018
journal article
10.4202/app.00554.2018
1732-2421
10980900
Aporrhais
cf.
gracilis
Koenen, 1885
Fig. 4A–C
.
1925
Nassa
spec.
;
Hägg 1925
: pl. 3: 5, 5a.
1927
Chenopus
(
Arrhoges
) sp
.;
Gripp 1927: 32
, pl. 6: 8–9.
1970
Chenopus gracilis
(
Koenen, 1885
)
;
Vonderbank 1970: 87
, pl. 8: 8–9.
2016
Aporrhaidae
sp.;
Hryniewicz et al. 2016
: fig. 12H.
Material
.—
Two specimens
(
GPIBo 116
,
117
), incomplete adolescent shells from the
upper Paleocene
,
Basilika Formation
, locality
500 m
west of
Trigonometric
point 25,
Hollendarbukta
,
Spitsbergen
,
Svalbard
.
Measurements
.—
GPIBo
117: H,
27 mm
; W,
14 mm
.
Description.
—Shell elongate, largest specimen (
GPIBo
117) consists of seven whorls. Whorl flanks moderately inflated with neither keel nor knobs. Ornamentation consists of opisthocline, well-expressed but blunt axial ribs, which disappear at demarcation between lateral flank and base. Demarcation continuous with no sharp angulation. Both lateral flank and base ornamented by numerous delicate spiral ribs. Aperture not preserved, only specimen with piece of single straight digit of outer lip preserved has been illustrated by
Gripp (1927
: pl. 6: 8, 9), but this specimen was poorly preserved and collection did not survive 2
nd
World War (Ulrich Kotthoff, personal communication 2015). No trace of ascending whorl has been observed.
Remarks
.—The adolescent aporrhaid shells from Isfjorden display characters observed in three Paleogene species, but due to the lack of well-preserved diagnostic characters of the adult expanded outer lip, it is difficult to attribute it to any of these species with confidence. The three species in question are:
Aporrhais gracilis
Koenen, 1885
;
A. bowerbankii
(
Morris, 1852
)
, and
A. triangulata
Gardner, 1884
. The former two are from the Paleocene, while the latter is early Eocene in age. All three have similar early whorls; a tall, elongate teleoconch without keel or knobs and without an ascending last whorl; and differ mostly in the morphology of the terminal whorl and its outer lip, characters not preserved in the aporrhaid from Isfjorden.
Vonderbank (1970)
attributed the specimens from the Paleocene of Spitsbergen to
A. gracilis
, which is known to occur in the Selandian of
Denmark
(
Koenen 1885
;
Schnetler and Nielsen 2018
) under the generic name
Chenopus
Philippi, 1836
, which is a junior objective synonym of
Aporrhais
. It seems indeed that
A. gracilis
is the most similar species, but due to its fragmentary preservation we prefer to leave the species from the Paleocene of Spitsbergen in open nomenclature. Another similar but poorly preserved aporrhaid-like specimen from Fossildalen has been illustrated and decribed by
Hägg (1925)
as the neogastropod
Nassa
sp.
This specimen (
NRM-PZ
Mo149182;
Fig. 4C
herein) is an inner mould with traces of spiral ornamentation resembling the one of
A.
cf.
gracilis
, although it seems to be wider and slightly less elongate. We refrain from any further identification of this specimen and provisionally we leave it as a doubtful aporrhaid
Aporrhais
cf.
gracilis
.