New species and a new record of the mite family Scutacaridae (Acari: Heterostigmata) from alpine New Zealand
Author
Khaustov, Alexander A.
Author
Minor, Maria A.
text
Zootaxa
2018
2018-11-02
4508
4
507
550
journal article
28032
10.11646/zootaxa.4508.4.2
8874d4e3-3222-4abc-801d-d8c53429c7f8
1175-5326
2607410
F0369CC8-FF4B-4D96-BAE2-48A83418739E
Scutacarus incisus
sp. nov.
(
Figs 17–22
)
Description. F
EMALE (
Figs 17–22
). Length of idiosoma 190 (190–195), width 180 (175–185).
Gnathosoma
(
Fig. 18
). Length of
gnathosoma
21 (20–21), width 19 (18–20).
Gnathosoma
completely covered by tergite C. Dorsal median apodeme reduced. All gnathosomal setae smooth. Postpalpal setae needle-like, weakly blunt-ended, situated anterolaterally to setae
cha
. Other gnathosomal setae pointed. Setae
cha
9 (9–10),
chb
11 (10– 11). Setae
dFe
slightly shorter than
dGe
. Pits
n
not evident.
Ass
well-developed, palpal solenidion not evident. Setae
m
10 (9–10). Pharyngeal pumps separated. Pharyngeal pump 1 oval, striated, situated inside gnathosomal capsule; pharyngeal pumps 2 and 3 indiscernible.
Idiosomal dorsum
(
Figs 17A
,
21A
,
22A, B
). Free margins of tergite C striated (not illustrated on
Fig. 17A
). All dorsal shields with numerous large round dimples (
Figs 22A, B
). Prodorsum completely covered by tergite C. Lateral propodosomal spine present. Stigmata elongate, located dorsally. Posterior margins of tergites C, D and EF weakly undulate. Setae
e
and
h
2
barbed, pointed and slightly thickened, other dorsal setae smooth and weakly blunt-ended. Trichobothria with long stem, clavate, sparsely barbed, with rounded apex. Posterolateral margins of tergite C with deep incisions. Cupules
ia
on tergite D and
ih
on tergite H small, round. Posterior margin of tergite H evenly rounded. Lengths of dorsal setae:
v
2
7 (7–8),
sc
2
6 (6–7),
c
1
9 (9–10),
c
2
7 (7–8),
d
7 (7–8),
e
13 (13–15),
f
9 (8–9),
h
1
10 (9–10),
h
2
13 (13–15). Distances between setae:
v
2
–v
2
39
(37–40),
sc
2
–sc
2
35 (32–35),
c
1
–
c
1
47 (46–49),
c
1
–
c
2
44 (44–52),
d–d
120 (115–120),
e–f
16 (15–16),
f–f
100 (100–105),
h
1
–
h
1
47 (47–52),
h
1
–
h
2
20 (20–22).
Idiosomal venter
(
Figs 17B
,
21B
,
22C, D
). Ventral plates with large dimples as on dorsal shields (
Figs 22C, D
). Setae 2
b
blunt-ended, thickened and flattened, other ventral setae pointed. Setae 2
b
, 3
a
, 3
b
, 4
a
, 4
b
, and
ps
3
smooth, other ventral setae barbed. Posterior margin of aggenital plate rounded. Secondary transverse apodeme absent. Ap1, ap2 and apsej well developed and joined with appr; ap2 forming w-like structure; ap3 indistinct, ap4 short; ap5 absent. Ags bell-like; pgs triangular. Well sclerotized chitinous curved ridges present posterolaterally to legs IV. Lengths of ventral setae: 1
a
18 (18–20), 1
b
18 (18–20), 2
a
15 (14–18), 2
b
19 (18–19), 3
a
10 (10–12), 3
b
12 (11–12), 3
c
32 (32–42), 4
a
10 (10–12), 4
b
13 (12–14), 4
c
41 (38–42),
ps
1
12 (12–13),
ps
2
7 (7–8),
ps
3
7 (7–8).
FIGURE 17.
Scutacarus incisus
sp. nov.
, female: A—dorsum of the body, B—venter of the body. Legs omitted.
Legs
(
Figs 19
,
20
). Leg I (
Fig. 19A
). Leg setation: Tr 1, Fe 1, Ge 4, TiTa 16(4). Tibiotarsus without pretarsus and claw. Tibiotarsus cylindrical, with pinnaculum bearing seta
tc”
. Lengths of solenidia
ω
1
11 (11–12),
ω
2
8 (9– 11),
φ
1
9 (8–9),
φ
2
7 (7–9);
φ
1
clavate,
ω
1
finger-shaped,
ω
2
and
φ
2
uniformly thin. Setae
d
of femur and
v’
of genu weakly blunt-ended; seta
l”
of genu distinctly blunt-ended; other leg setae (except eupathidia) pointed. Setae
pl’
, (
pv
) and
s
of tibiotarsus smooth; other leg setae (except eupathidia) barbed. Setae
l’
and
v”
of femur absent. Leg II (
Fig. 19B
). Leg setation: Tr 1, Fe 1, Ge 3, Ti 4(1), Ta 6(1). Tarsus with symmetrical hooked claws and flipper-like empodium. Solenidion
ω
11 (11–12) finger-shaped, solenidion
φ
4 (4) weakly clavate. Seta
pl”
spine-like, smooth, with subapical seta-like projection; seta
l’
of tibia thick, comb-like, seta
d
of femur weakly blunt-ended, other leg setae pointed. Setae
u’
and
tc”
of tarsus smooth, other leg setae barbed. Setae
l’
and
v”
of femur absent. Leg III (
Fig.20A
). Leg setation: Tr 1, Fe 1, Ge 2, Ti 4(1), Ta 6. Claws and empodium as on tarsus II. Solenidion
φ
4 (4) weakly clavate. Seta
pl”
spine-like, with several barbs and subapical seta-like projection; seta
d
of femur weakly blunt-ended, other leg setae pointed. Setae
u’
and
tc”
of tarsus smooth, other leg setae barbed. Leg IV (
Fig. 20B
). Leg setation: Tr 1, Fe 2, Ge 1, TiTa 7. Tibiotarsus short, slightly longer than its width. All leg setae pointed. Seta
tc’
of tarsus smooth, thickened, other leg setae barbed. Trochanter dorsally with short spine-like projection.
FIGURE 18.
Scutacarus incisus
sp. nov.
, female: A—gnathosoma in dorsal view, B—gnathosoma in ventral view.
FIGURE 19.
Scutacarus incisus
sp. nov.
, female: A—left leg I in dorsal view, B—right leg II in dorsal view.
MALE and LARVA unknown.
Type material
. Female
holotype
:
New Zealand
,
Central
Otago
,
Old Man’s Range
,
45° 19' 7.60" S
,
169° 12' 11.49" E
,
1655 m
a.s.l.
, in soil and debris under
Raoulia
sp. cushion plant,
17 February 2014
(
M. Minor
).
Paratypes
:
10 females
,
New Zealand
,
Central
Otago
,
Old Man’s Range
,
45° 19' 7.60" S
,
169° 12' 11.49" E
,
1655 m
a.s.l.
, in soil and debris under
Raoulia
sp. cushion plant,
17 February 2014
(
M. Minor
)
;
1 female
,
New Zealand
,
Central
Otago
,
Old Man’s Range
,
45° 19' 7.60" S
,
169° 12' 11.49" E
,
1655 m
a.s.l.
, in bare soil between cushion plants,
17 February 2014
(
M. Minor
)
;
5 females
,
New Zealand
,
Central
Otago
,
Old Man’s Range
,
45° 18' 59.85"S
,
169° 11' 45.19"E
,
1639 m
a.s.l.
, alpine herbaceous snowbank, in soil,
17 February 2014
(
M. Minor
)
;
2 females
,
New Zealand
,
Central
Otago
,
Old Man’s Range
,
45° 20' 3.78"S
,
169° 12' 25.26"E
,
1649 m
a.s.l.
, in bare soil between cushion plants,
17 February 2014
(
M. Minor
)
.
Type deposition
. The
holotype
and
3 paratypes
are deposited in the
New Zealand
National Arthropod Collection,
Auckland
,
New Zealand
;
15 paratypes
are deposited in the mite collection of the
Tyumen
State University Museum of Zoology
,
Tyumen
,
Russia
.
Differential diagnosis
. The new species is most similar to
Scutacarus cactaeformis
Mahunka, 1967
, described from
Australia
(
Mahunka 1967
), by the absence of the claw on tibiotarsus I, slightly thickened setae
e
and
h
2
, short and smooth setae 3
a
, 3
b
, 4
a
, 4
b
, long and strongly barbed 3
c
and 4
c
, and thick and smooth seta
tc’
on tibiotarsus IV. It can be distinguished from the latter by the much shorter dorsal setae
c
1
,
c
2
,
d
,
f
, and
h
1
, which are shorter than
e
and
h
2
(vs.
c
1
,
c
2
,
d
,
f
, and
h
1
distinctly longer than
e
and
h
2
in
S. cactaeformis
), and by smooth setae
c
1
and
c
2
(vs. barbed in
S. cactaeformis
).
FIGURE 20
Scutacarus incisus
sp. nov.
, female: A—right leg III in dorsal view, B—right leg IV in ventral view.
FIGURE 21.
DIC micrographs of
Scutacarus incisus
sp. nov.
, female: A—dorsal view, B—ventral view.
Etymology
. The name of the new species is derived from the Latin
incisus
meaning
having been cut
, and refers to the presence of deep incisions on posterolateral margins of tergite C.