Nine new species of Horismenus Walker (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) in Brazil, with an emphasis on the fauna of one of the largest tropical forests on the planet, the Atlantic Forest Author Pikart, Tiago G. 0000-0001-7367-8339 Laboratório de Proteção Florestal, Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 88520 - 000, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil tiago.pikart@udesc.br Author Schoeninger, Karine 0000-0001-9079-9570 Unidade Laboratorial de Referência em Controle Biológico, Instituto Biológico / APTA, 13101 - 680, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil Author Costa, Valmir A. 0000-0003-0122-3567 Unidade Laboratorial de Referência em Controle Biológico, Instituto Biológico / APTA, 13101 - 680, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil Author Hansson, Christer 0000-0002-9429-0197 Scientific Associate of the Biological Museum (Entomology), Lund University, Lund, Sweden, and of the Natural History Museum, London, U. K. Author Zanuncio, José C. 0000-0003-2026-281X Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570 - 000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil Author Serrão, José E. 0000-0002-0477-4252 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570 - 000, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil text Zootaxa 2024 2024-05-17 5453 1 33 62 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5453.1.2 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5453.1.2 1175-5326 11233551 5AE6BDB5-3725-4D55-B605-7E6042189C1C Horismenus novaiguassuensis Pikart , Costa & Hansson, sp. nov. Figs 40–49 Type material. Holotype ♀ point mounted, with label “ BRASIL , RJ [ Rio de Janeiro ], Nova Iguaçu, Res[erva]. Biol[ógica]. Tinguá, 22º34’38”S 43º26’09”[W], Varredura Veg.—Am. 28, 07.iii.2002 . STP Amarante e eq. col.” (deposited in MZUSP ) . Paratypes . 2♀ . 1♀ , label “ BRASIL , SP [ São Paulo ], Ubatuba, Parque Est[adual]. da Serra do Mar, 23º01’55”S 44º51’01”W , Varredura Veg.Am. #2, 21.i.2002 , N.W. Perioto e eq. col.” (deposited in MZUSP ); 1♀ , label “ BRASIL , PR [ Paraná ], Morretes, Pq. [Parque] Estadual Pau Oco , 25º34’27,5”S 38º53’33,0”W , Varredura veg.—Am. 6, 09.iv.2002 , MT Tavares e eq., col.” (deposited in MZUSP ) . Type condition. Holotype with left hind wing glued separately on the point. One of the paratypes with head, fore legs, and both hind wings and the right fore wing missing. Another paratype missing gaster, hind legs and left antenna. Diagnosis. Antennae and legs whitish ( Fig. 40 ); interscrobal surface with strong raised reticulation ( Fig. 43 ); frontal cross-carina present ( Figs. 43 , 49 ); malar sulcus present ( Fig. 49 ); vertex with strong engraved reticulation ( Fig. 45 ); head triangular in lateral view; mesoscutum and mesoscutellum black with metallic tinges ( Fig. 41 ), with strong raised reticulation ( Fig. 47 ); metascutellum with two foveae, smooth and shiny; propodeum metallic bluish green ( Fig. 41 ) and smooth ( Fig. 44 ); gaster acuminate ( Fig. 48 ). Description. Female. Length of body 2.4 mm . Color. Scape yellowish white, pedicel, and flagellum pale brown ( Fig. 40 ). Median and lower frons and interscrobal surface metallic bluish green to metallic green, clypeal area and malar space metallic bluish green; area between antennal scrobes and frontal cross-carina, upper frons, and vertex metallic bluish green to metallic purple ( Fig. 42 ). Mesoscutum black with metallic tinges ( Fig. 41 ) or bluish green spots. Mesoscutellum black with metallic tinges, with lateral and posterior margins metallic bluish green to metallic purple ( Fig. 41 ) or posterior two-thirds of the scutellum bluish green. Coxae, femora, tibiae, and tarsi yellowish white to yellowish brown ( Fig. 40 ). Wings hyaline. Petiole dark brown with metallic tinges. Gaster with first tergite dark brown with metallic bluish green to metallic purple tinges in the anterior four-fifths, remaining tergites metallic dark brown. Head. Antennae as in Fig. 46 . Frons with interscrobal surface and part above frontal cross-carina with strong raised reticulation ( Fig. 43 ), lower frons with weak to strong raised reticulation, clypeal area and malar space smooth and shiny to weakly reticulated, area just above frontofacial sulcus with strong engraved to raised reticulation; frontofacial sulcus V-shaped, incomplete and not reaching eyes; antennal scrobes joining frontofacial sulcus separately. Malar sulcus present ( Fig. 49 ). Vertex with strong engraved reticulations ( Fig. 45 ); median groove present posteriorly. Occipital margin slightly rounded. Mesosoma. Mesoscutum ( Fig. 47 ) with strong raised reticulation; notauli indistinct, present as depressions in posterior half. Mesoscutellum ( Fig. 47 ) with strong raised reticulation, posterior and lateral margins smooth and shiny; median groove weakly distinct in anterior one-third. Metascutellum convex, smooth and shiny, anteriorly with two large smooth and shiny foveae. Propodeum ( Fig. 44 ) smooth and shiny to very weakly reticulated; anterolateral foveae large, reaching plicae ( Fig. 44 ); propodeal callus with 3 setae. Coxae smooth and shiny. Fore wing with speculum closed posteriorly; with 22–23 admarginal setae; costal cell bare. Metasoma. Gaster acuminate ( Fig. 48 ); with first gastral tergite smooth and shiny. Ratios. DE/DO 3.3; WH/DE 3.2; HE/MS/WM 3.9/1.0/1.7; POL/OOL/POO 2.3/1.0/1.0; WH/WT 1.2; LW/LM/ HW 2.0/1.4/1.0; PM/ST 1.0; LC/WC 3.5; WG/WC 0.7; LS/LT 0.1; LP/WP not measured; MM/LG 0.5. Male. Unknown. Remarks. Holotype with bluish green spots on the mesoscutum and posterior two-thirds of the mesoscutellum bluish green. One of the paratypes with anterior coxae with basal half brown. Etymology. The specific name is given in reference to the type locality, Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro State . Distribution. Brazil ( Rio de Janeiro State ). Hosts. Unknown. Species identification. Specimens can be identified using the key in Hansson (2009) as modified below. Females run to subkey D, couplet 4, where the first alternative leads to couplet 5, which is modified as follows: 5a. Frontal cross-carina present ( Figs 43 , 49 ); vertex with strong engraved reticulation ( Fig. 45 )........................... .................................................................... Horismenus novaiguassuensis sp. nov. - Frontal cross-carina absent; vertex usually with raised reticulation.............................................. 5