Review of the leafhopper genus Penthimia Germar (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from the Indian subcontinent with description of seven new species Author Shobharani, M. Author Viraktamath, C. A. Author Webb, M. D. text Zootaxa 2018 2018-01-03 4369 1 1 45 journal article 31087 10.11646/zootaxa.4369.1.1 61a421fd-4e5e-435a-a1c7-5686dbba694a 1175-5326 1135478 006FB6AF-D47F-4DFF-96C3-78B270D0FEA4 Key to species of the genus Penthimia of the Indian subcontinent Males Note. Female only of P . noctua known. 1 Aedeagal shaft apex hooked ( Figs 99 , 132 )................................................................. 2 - Aedeagal shaft apex not hooked ( Figs 77 , 124 , 137 ).......................................................... 4 2 Style with apophysis stout, rather straight ( Figs 140, 141 ); apical hook of aedeagus slender ( Fig. 142 )....... P. distanti Baker - Style with apophysis slender, uniformly curved in lateral aspect ( Figs 96 , 130 ); apical hook of aedeagus stout ( Figs. 99 , 132 )..................................................................................................... 3 3 Aedeagal shaft in basal 0.75 of uniform width, thereafter abruptly narrowed, lacking spicules and lateral serrated ledge ( Figs 132, 133 )........................................................................ P. meghalayensis sp. nov. - Aedeagal shaft gradually narrowed from base to apex, with spicules and lateral serrated ledge ( Figs 99, 100 ).................................................................................................... P. curvata sp. nov. 4 Apical apophysis of style recurved, preapical lobe poorly developed ( Fig. 122 ), subgenital plate broadly rounded at base ( Fig. 120 )................................................................................. P. maculosa Distant - Apical apophysis of style curved laterally with well developed preapical lobe ( Figs 86 , 151 ), subgenital plate relatively narrow at base ( Figs 84 , 150 ).................................................................................. 5 5 Apical apophysis of style slender, long, finger-like, curved laterally with apex truncate ( Fig. 144 ).... P. quadrinotata Distant - Apical apophysis of style not as above..................................................................... 6 6 Aedeagal shaft with subapical flanges on each side ( Fig. 76 ).................................... P . attenuata Distant - Aedeagal shaft without subapical flanges................................................................... 7 7 Aedeagal shaft with broad dorsal keel ( Figs 152, 153 )......................................................... 8 - Aedeagal shaft without broad dorsal keel ( Figs 162 , 169 )......................................................9 8 Head black, pronotum, mesonotum and forewings orange brown, claval suture black ( Fig. 208, 209 ); aedeagus relatively short and stout, less than 2.5 times as long as basal width of shaft in lateral view ( Fig. 206 )..... P . melanocephala de Motschulsky - Head, pronotum, mesonotum and forewings black, mesonotum with lateral and forewing with pale spots ( Fig. 27 ); aedeagus relatively longer and slender, more than 2.5 times as long as basal width of shaft in lateral view (152, 153).................................................................................................. P. neoattenuata sp. nov. 9 Aedeagal shaft curved posteriorly then anteriorly, with large gonopore on ventral margin ( Figs 162 , 169, 175 )........... 10 - Aedeagal shaft curved postero-dorsally, with small gonopore at apex ( Figs 88 , 105 , 137 )............................ 12 10 Aedeagal shaft with ventral margin smoothly curved in lateral view ( Fig. 169 ).................................... 11 - Aedeagal shaft with ventral margin angularly curved sub-basally in lateral view ( Fig. 162 ).............. P. ribhoi sp. nov. 11 Angle between apical apophysis and preapical lobe acute ( Fig. 196 ).................... P. rufopunctata de Motschulsky - Angle between apical apophysis and preapical lobe obtuse ( Fig. 169 )........................... P. sahyadrica sp. nov. 12 Aedeagal shaft with serrated lateral margins ( Figs 118 , 137 )................................................... 13 - Aedeagal shaft with smooth lateral margins (105, 180, 189)................................................... 14 13 Aedeagal shaft gradually tapering from base to apex in posterior view ( Fig. 138 )..................... P. montana Distant - Aedeagal shaft broadest in middle narrowed both basally and distally in posterior view ( Fig. 119 )........ P. fraterna Distant 14 Aedeagal shaft tapering distally in lateral view, with dorsal ridge ( Fig. 88 )........................ P. compacta complex - Aedeagal shaft not tapering distally in lateral view, without dorsal ridge ( Figs 105 , 180 , 189 )......................... 15 15 Forewing with yellowish spots ( Figs 12–17 ), aedeagal shaft compressed ( Figs 105–109 )................. P. ereba Distant - Forewing black, with apical area light brown ( Figs 35, 37, 39 ); aedeagal shaft not compressed ( Figs 180, 182 , 183,189–190).................................................................................................... 16 16 Aedeagal shaft with spicules on lateral margins ( Fig 180 ); clypeus not tumid....................... P. spiculata sp. nov. - Aedeagal shaft without spicules on lateral margins ( Fig. 185 ); clypeus tumid........................ P. tumida sp. nov. Females Notes. Males only are known for P . curvata , P . distanti , P . meghalayensis , P. neoattenuata , P. ribhoi , P . spiculata and P . rufopunctata . Based on the male, four of these species would key out to the second part of couplet 12, i.e., P. curvata , P . distanti , P. meghalayensis and P . spiculata (with the forewings black with caudal area pale brown), two species would key out to the first part of couplet 10, i.e., P. neooattenuata, P. ribhoi , and (forewings black with yellowish spots) and P . rufopunctata would key out to the first part of couplet 5 (vertex black with reddish brown marking). 1 Head as wide as or wider than pronotum ( Figs 18 , 29 , 232 , 235, 244 , 246, 250, 252 )................................. 2 - Head distinctly narrower than pronotum ( Figs 3–4 )........................................................... 4 2 Length 4.4–5.3mm forewing clavus with greyish spot ( Fig. 18 , 232 , 235 )......................................... 3 - Length 5.8–6.4mm , forewing clavus without greyish spot ( Figs 244 , 246 )........................... P. montana Distant 3 Forewing with greyish spot on midlength of costal margin ( Figs 18 , 235 )........................... P . fraterna Distant - Forewing without greyish spot on midlength of costal margin ( Figs 29 , 250 )..................... P. quadrinotata Distant 4 Crown reddish brown with anterior margin and medial longitudinal fascia black ( Fig. 25 )........... P . mudonensis Distant - Crown yellow to orange-yellow with or without reddish marking................................................ 5 5 Crown black with reddish brown marking, sometimes marking comprising a very indistinct spot basally on each side ( Figs 21 , 242 )................................................................................. P . maculosa Distant - Crown black without marking............................................................................ 6 6 Pronotum orange-brown with or without anterior part black ( Fig. 201 , 220 )........................................ 7 - Pronotum black or mainly black.......................................................................... 8 7 Pronotum orange-brown with anterior part black ( Fig. 220 ); claval suture not black...................................................................................................... P . compacta complex (in part) (see notes) - Pronotum orange-brown; claval suture black ( Fig. 201 )............................. P . melanocephala de Motschulsky 8 Scutellum bright yellow with basal angles black ( Figs 16, 17 , 230 ).................................. P . ereba Distant - Scutellum mainly black................................................................................. 9 9 Pronotum black with posterior margin finely edged with yellow to reddish brown ( Fig. 224 )......................... 10 - Pronotum entirely black............................................................................... 11 10 Forewing with yellowish spots ( Fig. 224 )........................................... P . attenuata Distant (see Notes) - Forewings without spots..................................................................... P. juno Distant 11 Forewings black with caudal area pale brown.............................................................. 12 - Forewings black with pale spots, apical area hyaline................................ P . compacta complex (see Notes) 12 Clypeus and clypellus tumid............................................................... P . tumida sp. nov. - Clypeus and clypellus not tumid.................................................... P . noctua Distant (see Notes)