Conchological and molecular analysis of the " non-scaly " Bornean Georissa with descriptions of three new species (Gastropoda, Neritimorpha, Hydrocenidae)
Author
Zacaery Khalik, Mohd
Author
P. Hendriks, Kasper
Author
J. Vermeulen, Jaap
Author
Menno Schilthuizen,
text
ZooKeys
2019
840
35
86
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.840.33326
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.840.33326
1313-2970-840-35
C607C2FDC17644FABBC582D561C6434C
Georissa filiasaulae Haase & Schilthuizen, 2007
Figure 13
A-K
Georissa filiasaulae
Haase & Schilthuizen, 2007: 216, figs 2
A-B
and 2E;
Clements et al. 2006
: 736;
Clements et al. 2008
: Appendix D;
Schilthuizen et al. 2012
;
Khalik et al. 2018
.
Type locality.
Malaysia, Sabah, Sepulut valley, Interior province, Batu Sanaron (
04°42.05'N
,
116°36.01'E
).
Type material.
Holotype (Holotype by original designation). Malaysia, Sabah, Sepulut valley, Interior province, Batu Sanaron (
04°42.05'N
,
116°36.01'E
): BOR/MOL 3795. Paratypes. Malaysia, Sabah, Sepulut valley, Interior province, Batu Sanaron (
04°42.05'N
,
116°36.01'E
): BOR/MOL 3491 (7); ZMB 107143-107149 (7) (not seen).
Other material.
Batu Sanaron, Interior province, Sepulut valley, Sabah: BOR/MOL 532, BOR/MOL 3405. Batu Pungiton, Interior province, Sepulut valley, Sabah Batu Pungiton, Sabah (
04°42.41'N
,
116°36.04'E
): BOR/MOL 12768 (Fig. 13).
Figure 13.
Georissa filiasaulae
Haase & Schilthuizen, 2007.
A-K
BOR/MOL 12768 A, D shell apertural view B shell side view C shell rear view E, F shell cross-section from 3D model G, H operculum frontal and ventral view from 3D model I shell top view J protoconch side view K close up of protoconch from top at 1000
x
magnification. Scale bars: 500
µm
(
A-I
); 200
µm
(J); 10
µm
(K).
Description.
Protoconch. Colour: white. Sculpture: a mix of rounded, ellipsoidal to irregular sculptural shape. Mesh width: 2.5-20
µm
. Teleoconch. Colour: white. First whorl: convex. Subsequent whorls: convex, shell shape slender to broad. Suture: clearly impressed. Shoulder: slightly extended, regularly spaced nodules. Number of whorls: 2
1/2-
3. SH: 1.21-1.68 mm. SW: 1.67-1.68 mm. SI: 1.08-1.27. Shell sculpture. Radial sculpture: absent, weak to strong growth lines. Spiral sculpture: present, rather weak and thin, densely spaced on the first whorl, the ribbing appears immediately after the protoconch, sometimes distorted/discontinuous by the growth lines, superficially smooth on the later whorls. Aperture. Shape: rounded to semi-elliptic, straight to slightly convex parietal side, palatal side rounded, palatal edge partially contiguous with the body whorl and parietal side, basal side convex. AH: 0.67- 0.79 mm. AW: 0.69-0.83 mm. AI: 0.93-0.97.
Diagnosis.
Georissa filiasaulae
has weak, thin, and densely arranged spiral sculpture with nodular structure on the shoulder. The shell colour and thickness are most similar to
G. corrugata
, which has white and partially transparent shell.
Distribution
.
Georissa filiasaulae
is a cave specialist, known from the cave system of Batu Sanaron and Batu Tinahas in the Sepulut valley.
Schilthuizen et al. (2012)
studied the population genetics of
G. filiasaulae
and its sister species,
G. saulae
. They found narrow hybrid zones between the two species in cave entrances.
Molecular analysis.
ML and Bayesian analyses of
G. filiasaulae
(16S: n = 3; CO1: n = 3) show that
G. filiasaulae
form one clade with 98% BS and 100% PP. The sister group is the
G. saulae
population from Pungiton (
G. saulae
is paraphyletic).
Discussion.
Georissa filiasaulae
is one of the two known Bornean
Georissa
that is troglobitic.
Khalik et al. (2018)
described
G. silaburensis
, another species of Bornean
Georissa
from the
"scaly"
group as a possible troglobite from Gunung Silabur, Serian, Sarawak.
Georissa filiasaulae
differs from
G. saulae
by the absence of any scale-like sculpture, reduced shell pigmentation, and relatively larger shell size and broader shell shape. Population genetic studies suggest that the hybrid zone between the two is restricted to a narrow region at the cave entrances, rendering the two species as independent evolutionary units. Therefore, considering them as separate species is warranted (
Schilthuizen 2000
).