A new name for Amphibolips kinseyi Cuesta-Porta & Pujade-Villar and a revised key to the Amphibolips ‘ nassa’ species-complex from Mexico and Central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) Author Cuesta-Porta, Víctor 0000-0002-6616-904X vcuesta @ ub. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6616 - 904 X vcuesta@ub.edu Author Equihua-Martínez, George Melika Armando Author Estrada-Venegas, Edith G. 0000-0003-1347-6369 Instituto de Fitosanidad, Colegio de Postgraduados, 56230 Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México (Mexico). & estradae @ colpos. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1347 - 6369 estradae@colpos.mx Author Cibrián-Tovar, David División de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco. Chapingo, Estado de México (México). Author Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M. División de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Km 38.5 Carretera México-Texcoco. Chapingo, Estado de México (México). Author Silva, Salvador Ordaz Facultad de Ingeniería y Negocios „ San Quintín ”, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali (Mexico). Author Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López Facultad de Ingeniería y Negocios „ San Quintín ”, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali (Mexico). Author Pujade-Villar, Juli text Zootaxa 2021 2021-03-01 4938 3 331 345 journal article 7892 10.11646/zootaxa.4938.3.4 2ad3de58-5569-44e5-b101-9556ec39797b 1175-5326 4569695 5B7EA4EA-1507-4297-AC1B-CC1A3E2EF6D2 Key to Amphibolips ‘ nassa -group’ galls 1. Galls underside of leaves............................................................................... 2 - Galls on buds........................................................................................ 4 2. Turgescent spherical galls ( Fig. 7A ), turning into a raisin-like wrinkled mass when dry........................ A. turulli - Solid galls, sometimes very fragile, never turgescent. Galls either spherical or toadstool shaped. Maintaining its shape when dry................................................................................................. 3 3. Toadstool-shaped galls, with elongated stem. Light green sometimes tinged with rose or pink when young. Internal solid spongious parenchyma ( Fig. 7D )....................................................... A. quercuspomiformis (sex). - Spherical fragile galls. Greenish when fresh and dark brown when dry. Internal space hollow-like with hard filaments radiating from larval chamber......................................................................... A. salicifoliae 4. Galls fusiform, with internal hollow, with filaments connecting central larval chamber with gall epidermis ( Figs 7C & 7H ). Very fragile when dry and easily broken with minimal finger pressure................................................ 5 - Galls spherical to fusiform, with internal spongious parenchyma, sometimes soft, usually not break with finger pressure.... 6 5. Gall 20–25 mm long. Epidermis 1–2 mm thick. Internal space with thick and straight filaments radiating from larval chamber ( Fig. 7C ). Fusiform galls with mottled surface ( Fig. 7B )................................................ A. aliciae - Gall average 100 mm long. Epidermis thin, less than 1mm thick. Internal space with thin and irregular filaments, inconspicuously radiating from larval chamber ( Fig. 7H ). Fusiform galls with longitudinal ridges, not mottled.... A. magnigalla (part) 6. Gall elongated at base, with thick peduncle, central body subglobose, with smooth and mottled surface, never with apical tip......................................................................................... A. castroviejoi - Gall different, globular without visible peduncle, sometimes with apical tip, or fusiform with both apical tip and thin peduncle ( Figs 6D, 6F, 6H & 7 E–I)............................................................................... 7 7. Multilocular gall with up to 50 larval chambers ( Fig. 6G ). Surface yellowish to orange-rufous when mature, turning brownishorange when dry............................................................... A. quercuspomiformis (asex) - Monolocular gall ( Fig. 6E ). Green or brown when mature, sometimes mottled; turning to uniform brown when dry........ 8 8. Spherical or sub-spherical gall with neither apical tip nor peduncle, epidermis always smooth ( Figs 6D & F )............. 9 - Different shape: Globular gall with apical tip ( Fig. 6H ), fusiform ( Figs 7 E–F), teardrop-shaped ( Fig. 7G ), or globular with epidermis coarsely rugose ( Fig. 7I )...................................................................... 12 9. Deformable under fingers pressure, parenchyma relatively soft. Uniformly light brown when dry ( Figs 6 D–E).......................................................... A. hidalgoensis / A. jaliscensis / A. michoacaensis / A. nigrialatus - Hard galls not deformable under finger pressure, with lignified parenchyma. Colour sometimes different............... 10 10. Regularly spherical. Surface light green with whitish mottles when mature; turning uniformly light brown when dry......................................................................................... A. oaxacae / A. tarasco - Subspherical, with small elongation towards the base. Surface never mottled and darker in colour.................... 11 11. Small gall, up to 20 mm in diameter with dark brown surface ( Fig. 6F )....................................................................................... A. comini nom. nov. (= A. kinseyi Cuesta-Porta & Pujade-Villar, 2020 ) - Usually large galls, up to 40 mm of diameter. Surface olive green when mature and turning brownish green when dry................................................................................................... A. bassae 12. Fusiform gall; peduncle subequal to apical tip ( Figs 7 E–F).................................................... 13 - Globular gall; peduncle absent or distinctly shorter than apical tip ( Figs 6H , 7G & 7I ).............................. 16 13. Very elongated gall ( Fig. 7F ), more than 10x as long as maximum width; peduncle and apical tip strongly elongate. Epidermis fragile, thin................................................................................... A. bromus - Wide fusiform gall, 3.0x as long as maximum width; peduncle and apical tip less than several times longer than central body ( Fig. 7E ). Epidermis firm, not fragile..................................................................... 14 14. Surface without longitudinal ridges, smooth, sometimes with faint granular aspect, ( Fig. 7E ). Epidermis 1–2 mm thick................................................................................................... A. fusus - Surface with longitudinal ridges, smooth. Epidermis thin, less than 1 mm thick................................... 15 15. Medium gall, less than 60– 50 mm long on average. Peduncle and apical tip strongly narrowed into needle-like elongation. Firm when dry................................................................................. A. durangensis - Large gall, average 100 mm long. Gall narrowing steadily towards peduncle and apical tip. Fragile when dry................................................................................................ A. magnigalla (part) 16. Small hard gall, up to 20 mm in diameter, with rugose surface and short apical tip ( Fig. 7I ). Epidermis thick, firm, with highly lignified parenchyma.......................................................................... A. cibriani - Large gall, up to 60 mm in diameter, with smooth surface. Epidermis thin, firm or soft ( Figs 6H & 7G ). If firm, apical tip is the result of longitudinal elongation of gall ( Fig. 7G )........................................................... 17 17. Teardrop shaped gall ( Fig. 7G ). Hard, do not deform at finger pressure. Surface usually mottled.Apical tip elongated, gradually narrowing apically, following more or less the shape of the gall................................................ 18 - Subglobular gall ( Fig. 6H ), can be deformed with applied finger pressure. Surface uniform in colour. Apical tip short..... 20 18. Globular gall, small size (around 20x 15 mm ), gradually narrowing and ending in a short apical point, with mottled surface. On Q. calophylla .............................................................................. A. nevadensis - Rather large gall, longer than wide (up to 55x 35 mm ), slightly spindle-shaped at apex with long tip, surface mottled or not, host different........................................................................................... 19 19. Gall surface never mottled, uniformly brown. Apical tip narrow and slightly tortuous. On Q. castanea ............ A. nassa - Gall surface mottled ( Fig. 7G ). Apical tip straight, narrowing gradually following the shape of the gall. On Q. eduardi , Q. emoryi and Q. viminea ............................................................................... A. rulli FIGURE 6. (A–C) Forewings, with veins 2r and Rs signaled: (A) Amphibolips nr. kinseyi Castillejos-Lemus & Nieves-Aldrey (male); (B) A. turulli (female); (C) Amphibolips dampfi (male). (D–E) Galls of Amphibolips hidalgoensis : (D) whole gall; (E) cross section of gall. (F) Gall of Amphibolips comini nom. nov. (G) Gall of Amphibolips quercuspomiformis (asexual gall). (H) Gall of Amphibolips zacatecaensis . 20. Surface yellowish brown. Internal tissue uniformly light brown, relatively consistent, firm. Apical tip short and narrow, sometimes bent ( Fig. 6H )....................................................................... A. zacatecaensis - Surface chestnut brown. Internal tissue white to rosy around larval chamber, soft, cotton-like; light brown towards surface. Apical tip short, but broad.............................................................. A. dampfi / A. kinseyi