The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice
Author
Ramvilas, Ghosh
0000-0001-5028-9058
ramvilas@kufos.ac.in
Author
Alderslade, Philip
0000-0001-5801-4681
phil.alderslade@csiro.au
Author
Ranjeet, Kutty
0000-0001-5028-9058
ramvilas@kufos.ac.in
text
Zootaxa
2023
2023-02-07
5236
1
1
124
journal article
54753
10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1
64c50077-1b03-44c5-9af9-0dac9180d62d
1175-5326
7639327
796FF9F5-E71F-4C69-92CC-CF4D6752BD77
Melithaea squamata
(
Nutting, 1911
)
Melitodes squamata
Nutting, 1911: 41–42
, pl. 7, fig. 1&1a; pl. 12, fig. 1 (Timor).
Melithaea squamata
Ofwegen 1987: 10–14
, figs. 3–6.
Opinion: There is no evidence that this species occurs in the region.
Justification:
These Indian records are either unconfirmable or seem to be invalid:
Fernando, 2011: 23
, pl. 5, figs. 1&1c (SW coast);
Fernando
et al
. 2017: 39
, pl. 15, fig. 1, 1a,1b &1c (SW coast).
Literature analysis
: Nutting erected this species under the original name
Melitodes squamata
,
for a specimen collected in
Indonesia
. The accounts of the Indian material by
Fernando (2011)
and
Fernando
et al
. (2017)
are identical, but instead of descriptive text there is a reference to the paper by
Ofwegen (1987)
where the sclerites of the
holotype
are illustrated.
The coenenchyme of
Melithaea squamata
only contains very small sclerites that are predominantly in the form of birotulates or double-discs along with short, broad-headed clubs, and the calyces contain only short knobbed clubs. Although the sclerite illustrations given by
Fernando (2011)
and
Fernando
et al.
(2017)
are exceedingly small, it is clear that they do not match those of the
holotype
as there are some large warty clubs, many long warty spindles, and a couple of disc-spindles or unilaterally foliate spheroids.
Kumar
et al.
(2019)
just lists the species and give references.