Cladistic analysis and synopsis of Chloropepla Stål (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) with the description of three new species Author Grevea, Caroline Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9.500, 91501 - 970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil carolinegreve@yahoo.com.br Author Schwertnerb, Cristiano F. Laboratório de Ecologia e Sistemática, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Prof. Artur Riedel 275, 09972 – 270 Diadema-SP, Brazil Author Grazia, Jocelia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Zoologia, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9.500, 91501 - 970 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil text Insect Systematics & Evolution 2013 2013-04-15 44 1 43 journal article 10.1163/1876312X-04401002 e2ed26bf-60f8-4dca-b769-b6029e9e00fa 3653979 Chloropepla caxiuanensis sp.n. ( Figs 10C , 17 , 18 ) Diagnosis Chloropela caxiuanensis sp.n. may be distinguished by characteristics of the hypandrium: the shape of the dorsal expansions and the shape of the ventral projection. The reduced thickening of vaginal intima associated to the shape of capsula seminalis are also useful to differentiate the females of this species. Specimens examined Holotype . Brazil , Pará : ♂ , labeled ‘ Flona Caxiuanã- Melgaço , Pará , Brasil , XI-2003 Fernandes, J.A.M. ’, ‘ Base da Estação Científica Ferreira Penna , coleta manual noturna sob luz branca’ ( MPEG ) . Paratypes . Brazil , Pará : ♀ labeled as the holotype ( UFRG ). Venezuela , Amazonas : 1♂ and 3♀ ‘ VENEZUELA , Exp. Territorio Amazonas , Mount Marahuaca , N. Slopes, Benitez Camp, May 1-25, 1950 , J. Maldonado Caprilles col., Drake Colln.’ ( NMNH ) . Description Dry preserved specimens pale yellow, probably green in life, punctures concolorous ( Fig. 10C ). Anterior margin of the pronotum with sparse dark punctures. Anterior margin of humeral angles with a dark line. Dark line in the apical half of lateral surface of antennal segment I, and along the lateral surface of antennal segment II. Apical third of antennal segment III dark, segment IV and Vwith at least the apical ¾ dark. Apex of tibia and tarsal segments Iand II bordered by black; base of tarsal segment III bordered by black. Posterolateral angles of connexiva with tiny dark acute process. General body shape oval ( Fig. 10C ), medium size. Head triangular in shape. Juga surpassing clypeus, slightly juxtaposed at apex, obtuse. Lateral margins sinuate. Proportion of antennal segments: I <II <III <IV=V. Buccula evanescent at base of head; anterior angle with an acute process (denticle); first rostral segment slightly surpassing buccula. Rostrum reaching the third abdominal segment; proportion of rostral segments: I <II>III≥ IV. Pronotum trapezoidal, anterior half slightly declivous; cicatrices immaculate. Basal two thirds of anterolateral margins crenulated. Anterior margin concave, behind the eyes truncated. Humeral angles acute, but not produced into spines. Apex of scutellum obtuse; punctures uniformly distributed. Hemelytra wide, almost obscuring connexiva completely. Corium uniformly punctured; apical angle of corium obtuse, reaching half of connexivum VII; yellow callus at apex of radial vein present. Peritreme attaining nearly three-quarters of metapleura, ostiole elliptical. Distal spine of dorsal surface of femur inconspicuously produced; at least distal half of tibia dorsally sulcated. Abdominal venter slightly convex; anterior margins of spiracles surrounded by yellow callus. Male genitalia ( Fig. 17 A–F). Pygophore quadrangular ( Fig. 17A,B ), almost as long as wide. Median region of dorsal rim ( Fig. 17A , dr) in an open and shallow “V”; lateral third of dorsal rim folded toward the genital chamber; marginal processes of dorsal rim digitiform ( Fig. 17A , mp), closely related to the parameres ( Fig. 17A , pa). Median excavation of ventral rim U-shaped in ventral view ( Fig. 17A , vr); infolding of ventral rim with 1+ 1 darkish process dorsally produced, on the sides of the excavation. Hypandrium surpassing ventral rim ( Fig. 17A,B , hy); with 1+1 broad laminar-like expansions flanking the segment X, dorsally bearing a laminar process near the apex ( Fig. 17A , dpr); ventral wall of hypandrium almost as long as dorsal wall, projected posteriorly in a gutter-like process and medially projected in 1+ 1 triangular flaps ( Fig. 17B , vpr). Paremere cylindrical at base and spatulated at apex ( Fig. 17C ), only apical spine present; lateral surface, near the apex, with granular texture. Apex of segment Xogival ( Fig. 17A, X ), with 1 +1 lateral tubercle at base. Phallus ( Fig. 17D–F ). Articulatory apparatus ( Fig. 17D–F , aa) about half the length of phallotheca ( Fig. 17D– F , ph). Phallotheca cylindrical, with two pairs of processes: 1+1 elongated at base of the posterior wall (= processus phallothecae 1) ( Fig. 17D , prph1) and 1 +1 ear-like at postero-lateral angles of anterior wall (=processus phallothecae 2) ( Fig. 17F , prph2). Conjunctiva reduced ( Fig. 17D , cj), completely obscured by phallotheca. Vesica short ( Fig. 17D , ve), bulbous; basal portion surrounded by a collar-like process ( Fig. 17D , vp). Female genitalia ( Fig. 18A,B ). Gonocoxites 8 quadrangular ( Fig. 18A , gc8); posterior margin slightly convex; apical forth of sutural margins divergent. Laterotergites 8 and 9 equal in length ( Fig. 18A , la8, la9); both with apical angle triangular (nearly acute). Gonocoxites 9 trapezoidal ( Fig. 18A , gc9). Gonapophyses 9 with 1+ 1 triangular sclerotized regions ( Fig. 18B , g9). Anterior thickening of vaginal intima reduced, hood-shaped ( Fig. 18B , tvi). Base of internal rod of ductus receptaculi bulbous-shaped. Capsula seminalis subcylindrical ( Fig. 18B , cs), with three processes variable in length ( Fig. 18B , pcs): one reaching the free margin of posterior annular flange ( Fig. 18B , paf) and the other two shorter. Distribution Venezuela: Amazonas; Brazil: Pará. Etymology The species was named after the locality where the holotype was collected: Caxiuanã, Pará state.