The Lower Pliocene marine gastropods of Santa Maria Island, Azores: Taxonomy and palaeobiogeographic implications Author Sacchetti, Claudia 0000-0002-3225-3139 claudiasacc@icloud.com Author Landau, Bernard 0000-0002-7768-8494 bernardmlandau@gmail.com Author Ávila, Sérgio P. 0000-0002-3225-3139 claudiasacc@icloud.com text Zootaxa 2023 2023-05-24 5295 1 1 150 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5295.1.1 journal article 53396 10.11646/zootaxa.5295.1.1 82286fdc-a858-447c-9980-da2e8985d19c 1175-5326 7965273 F3A52660-70B8-439F-A7A0-F45ADC975EA5 Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi, 1844 ) Plate 6 L 1 -L 3 Nerita costata Brocchi 1814: 300 , pl. 1, fig. 11 (junior homonym of Nerita costata Gmelin, 1791 ). Turbo minutus Michaud 1828: 122 , pl. unnumbered, figs. 7-9 (junior homonym of Turbo minutus Brown, 1818 ). * Fossarus clathratus Philippi 1844: 148 , pl. 25, fig. 5. Delphinula Costata Millet 1854: 157 ( nomen nudum ). Fossarus costatus Brocc. —Hörnes 1856: 468, pl. 46, fig. 25. Fossarus ( Phasianema ) costatum Brocchi — Zbyszewski 1957: 152 , pl. 12, fig. 128. Delphinula costata — Millet 1865: 584 . Fossarus costatus var. crassicostata Fontannes 1878: 521 , pl. 6, fig. 1. Fossarus costatus Brocchi —Fontannes 1880: 180, pl. 10, fig. 12. Phasianema costatum (Br.) — Sacco 1895b: 17 , pl. 1, fig. 32. Phasianema costatum var. infracosticillata Sacco 1895b: 17 , pl. 1, fig. 33. Phasianema costatum var. pluricostata Sacco 1895b: 17 , pl. 1, fig. 34. Phasianema costatum var. parvulicincta Sacco 1895b: 18 , pl. 1, fig. 35. Phasianema costatum var. paucicostata Sacco 1895b: 18 , pl. 1, fig. 36. Fossarus ( Phasianema ) costatus Brocchi —Dollfus et al . 1904: 9, pl. 33, fig. 1. Fossarus ( Phasianema ) costatus (Br.) — Cerulli-Irelli 1914: 361 , pl. 15, figs. 11-16. Fossarus ( Phasianema ) costatus Brocchi —Cossmann 1916: 89, pl. 3, figs. 46, 47, pl. 4, figs. 49-50. Fossarus costatus Brocc. —Friedberg 1923: 410, pl. 25, fig. 3. Phasianema costatum Brocchi, 1814 — Glibert 1949: 198 , pl. 12, fig. 12. Phasianema costata burdigalensis [ sic ] (d’Orb.) — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 26 , pl. 2, fig. [ non Carinorbis burdigalus ( d’Orbigny, 1852 ) ]. Phasianema ( Phasianema ) costatum (Brocchi) 1814 —Rossi Ronchetti 1955: 150, fig. 76. Fossarus ( Phasianema ) costatum (Brocchi) —Švagrovsky 1960: 74, pl. 7, fig. 6. Phasianema costatum burdigalum Orbigny — Strausz 1962: 110 , pl. 46, fig. 29 [ non Carinorbis burdigalus ( d’Orbigny, 1852 ) ]. Phasianema costata Brocchi, 1814 — Brébion 1964: 281 . Phasianema costatum burdigalum Orbigny, 1852 — Strausz 1966: 204 , pl. 46, fig. 29 [ non Carinorbis burdigalus ( d’Orbigny, 1852 ) ]. Fossarus costatus ( Brocchi, 1814 ) — Zelinskaya et al . 1968: 173 , pl. 41, figs. 13, 14. Fossarus ( Fossarus ) costatus (Brocchi) — Caprotti 1970: 151 , pl. 3, fig. 2. Fossarus ( Phasianema ) costatus (Brocchi) — Fekih 1975: 72 , pl. 25, fig. 3. Fossarus costatus (Brocchi) — Caprotti 1976: 8 , pl. 10, fig. 2. Nerita costata Brocchi, 1814 — Pinna & Spezia 1978: 156 , pl. 43, fig. 1. Fossarus ( Phasianema ) costatus burdigalensis [ sic ] (Orbigny) — Krach 1981: 65 , pl. 23, fig. 13 [ non Carinorbis burdigalus ( d’Orbigny, 1852 ) ]. Fossarus costatus ( Brocchi, 1814 ) —González Delgado 1988: 120, pl. 1, figs. 18, 19. Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi 1844 ) — Cavallo & Repetto 1992: 154 , fig. 433. Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi 1844 ) — Peñas et al. 1996: 75 , fig. 53. Fossarus costatus (Brocchi) — Ruiz Muñoz et al . 1997: 168 , pl. 31, figs. 8-9. Fossarus costatus ( Brocchi, 1814 ) — Bałuk 1995: 171 , pl. 4, figs. 6-8. Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi 1844 ) — Silva 2001: 569 , pl. 26, figs. 16, 17. Clathrella sp. —Peñas & Rolán 2001b: 104, figs. 4-7. Fossarus costatus ( Brocchi, 1814 ) —Chirli 2008: 14, pl. 4, figs. 6-10. Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi 1844 ) — Landau et al . 2011: 42 , pl. 23, figs. 6, 7. Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi 1844 ) — Landau et al . 2013: 319 , pl. 52, fig. 12 ( cum syn ). Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi 1844 ) —Brunetti 2014: 74, unnumbered fig. bottom. Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi 1844 ) — Giannuzzi-Savelli et al . 2014: 92 , figs. 313-317, appendix p. 37, 85. Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi 1844 ) — Ceulemans et al . 2018: 138 , pl. 8, figs. 19, 20 ( cum syn .). Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi, 1844 ) — Brunetti & Cresti 2018: 104 , fig. 444. Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi, 1844 ) — Landau et al. 2020b: 344 , pl. 74, figs. 1-2. Santa Maria material examined. Maximum height 6.0 mm, max width 7.0 mm. DBUA-F 471-1 (1), DBUA-F 827-C (1) Ponta do Castelo, Santa Maria Island, Azores , Touril Complex, Lower Pliocene. Description. Shell small, apex flattened, protoconch abraded, suture deeply impressed, linear. Last whorl rapidly expanding, with broad, flattened subsutural platform, convex below, bearing four strong cords: adapical cord delimiting subsutural platform, wider spaced than abapical three cords, cords ending as rounded digitation at outer lip. Strong irregular axial growth lines interrupt cords. Base convex umbilicate. Aperture rounded, filled with matrix. Discussion. Two specimens are available from the Azorean material which are typical for the species. The spire is relatively low and the last whorl is not disjunct as seen in large gerontic specimens. For further discussion, see Landau et al . (2013 , 2020b ) and Ceulemans et al . (2018) . Clathrella clathrata ( Philippi, 1844 ) is widespread and long-lived in the European middle Miocene to present-day. Distribution. Middle Miocene: Atlantic, Tagus Basin (Burdigalian), central-West Portugal ( Zbyszewski 1957 ). Atlantic (Serravallian), Aquitaine Basin, (Cossmann & Peyrot 1919), (Langhian), Loire Basin, France (Gliber 1949); Paratethys (Langhian-Serravallian), Poland (Friedberg 1923; Bałuk 1995 ), Vienna (Hörnes 1856), Hungary ( Strausz 1962 , 1966 ), Ukraine ( Zelinskaya et al . 1968 ), Slovakia (Švagrovsky 1960); Proto-Mediterranean Sea (Serravallian), Karaman Basin, Turkey ( Landau et al . 2013 ). Upper Miocene: Atlantic (Tortonian), NW France ( Millet 1854 , 1865 ; Brébion 1964 ; Landau et al . 2020b ), (Tortonian): Algarve Basin, Portugal (Dollfus et al . 1904). Lower Pliocene: Atlantic, Santa Maria Island, Azores (this paper), NW France ( Ceulemans et al . 2018 ), Guadalquivir Basin, Spain (González Delgado 1988; Ruiz Muñoz et al . 1997 ; Landau et al . 2011 ); western Mediterranean, Roussillon Basin, France (Fontannes 1880); central Mediterranean, Italy ( Sacco 1896b ; Forli et al . 1999 ; Chirli 2008; Brunetti & Cresti 2018 ); Tunisia ( Fekih 1975 ). Upper Pliocene: Atlantic, Mondego Basin, Portugal ( Silva 2001 ); western Mediterranean, Estepona Basin ( Landau & Micali, 2021 ), central Mediterranean, Italy ( Sacco 1896b ; Caprotti 1970 , 1976 ; Cavallo & Repetto 1992 ; Ragaini & Bernieri 2007 ; Brunetti 2014). Upper Pliocene-Pleistocene: Atlantic, northwestern France ( Brebion 1964 ). Lower Pleistocene: central Mediterranean, Italy ( Cerulli-Irelli 1914 ). Present-day: Portugal , Mediterranean ( Peñas et al . 1996 ; Giannuzzi-Savelli et al . 2014 ), NW Africa, Madeira and Canary Islands ( Albuquerque et al . 2009 ; Segers et al . 2009 ). Species described from the Santa Maria assemblages of uncertain generic assignment.