Revision of Charaea (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) from Taiwan Author Bezděk, Jan Author Lee, Chi-Feng text Zootaxa 2014 3861 1 1 39 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3861.1.1 637256a6-4c1d-4bf2-8df0-f5d7e3814450 1175-5326 287074 F906135C-0407-435E-95BF-F46F4F998F89 Charaea miyamotoi ( Kimoto, 1969 ) ( Figs 17–22 , 26 , 31 , 36–39 , 45 ) Calomicrus miyamotoi Kimoto, 1969 : 42 (original description); Wilcox 1973 : 518 (catalogue); Kimoto 1986 : 57 ; Kimoto 1987 : 189 ; Kimoto 1989b : 254 ; Kimoto 1991 : 13 ; Takizawa et al 1995 : 9 ; Kimoto & Chu 1996 : 76 (catalogue); Kimoto & Takizawa 1997 : 306 (key), 382; Beenen 2010: 471 (catalogue). Charaea miyamotoi : Bezděk 2012 : 387 (new combination). Calomicrus takizawai Medvedev, 1998: 172 (original description); Beenen 2010: 471 (catalogue); Bezděk 2012 : 387 (= miyamotoi ). FIGURES 17–22. Details of Charaea miyamotoi . 17—aedeagus (dorsal and lateral views); 18—spermatheca; 19—sternite VIII; 20—male last ventrite; 21—female pygidium; 22—female last ventrite. Scale bars: 0.5 mm for Figs 17 and 20–22, 0.25 mm for Figs 18–19. Type locality. Calomicrus miyamotoi : “Kuantzuling, Tainan Hsien”. Calomicrus takizawai : “ Taiwan , Ilan prov., 150 km SE Taipei”. Type material examined. Calomicrus miyamotoi . Paratypes : 1 ♂ ( KMNH ), “( Taiwan ) / Ilan / Taipei Hsien [w, p] // 15.IV. [h] 1965 / Y. Hirashima [w, p] // Japan – U.S. / Co-op. Sci. / Programme [y, p] // Calomicrus / miyamotoi / Kimoto, n. sp. [w, h] // PARATYPE [b, p]”; 1 ♂ ( BPBM ), “( Taiwan ) / Nanshanchi / Nantou [w, p] // 30.IV. [h] 1965 [p] / T. Shirôzu [w, p] // Calomicrus / miyamotoi / Kimoto, n. sp. [w, h] // PARATYPE [b, p]”; 1 ♂ ( BPBM ), “ FORMOSA / Mt. Kannon / IV-28-1932 / L. Gressitt [w, p] // L. Gressitt / Collection [w, p] // Calomicrus / miyamotoi / Kimoto, n. sp. [w, h] // PARATYPE [b, p]”; 1 ♂ ( BPBM ), “Kusukusu, / Formosa . / IV-13 ’32 [w, p] // J.L. Gressitt / Collector [w, p] // Calomicrus / miyamotoi / Kimoto, n. Sp. [w, h] // PARATYPE [b, p]”; 2 ♂♂ ( BPBM ), “ TAIWAN (E.): Mi- / zuho 200 m . IV- / 22 -32. Gressitt [w, p] // Calomicrus / miyamotoi / Kimoto, n. sp. [w, h] // PARATYPE [b, p] ”; 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ ( BPBM ), “Mizuho, / Formosa / IV-22 -’32 [w, p] // J. L. Gressitt / Collector [w, p] // Calomicrus / miyamotoi / Kimoto, n. Sp. [w, h] // PARATYPE [b, p]”. Calomicrus takizawai . Holotype : ♂ ( HNHM ), “ TAIWAN , Ilan Prov., 150 km / SE of Taipei, 400 m , 24°23´43´´N , / 121°46´74´´E , 10.IV.1997 , / leg. L. Peregovits & A. Kun [w, p] // HOLOTYPUS [p] / Calomicrus / takizawai [h] / L. N. Medvedev det. 95 [r, p]”. Paratypes : 2 ♂♂ ( HNHM ), “ TAIWAN , Ilan Prov., 150 km / SE of Taipei, 400 m , 24°23´43´´N , / 121°46´74´´E , 10.IV.1997 , / leg. L. Peregovits & A. Kun [w, p] // PARATYPUS [p] / Calomicrus / takizawai m. [h] / L. Medvedev det. 19 [p] 98 [r, h]”. Additional material examined. 161 specimens — TAIWAN : Hualien County: 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀, Taroko N. P., 950 m , 3.vi.2008 , F. & L. Kantner leg. ( FKCC ); 4 ♀♀, Taroko N. P., Tian Xiang, 24.iii.1972 , S. Nakamura leg. ( HTCH ); 1 ♂ , Yu Shan N. P., 15 km W of Yuli, 570 m , 8.vi.2008 , F. & L. Kantner leg. ( FKCC ). Kaohsiung County: 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, Erhchituan, 8.iii.2013 , B.-X. Guo leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♀, Chungchihkuan, 16.iv.2012 , L.-P. Hsu leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♀, Maolin, 26.iii.1982 , K. C. Chou & C. C. Pan leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♀, Chungliao, 12.iii.2013 , B.-X. Guo leg. ( TARI ); 3 ♂♂, Takangshan, 10.iii.2013 , B.-X. Guo leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Tonatrail, 12.iii.2013 , B.-X. Guo leg. ( TARI ); 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, Chungliao, 12.iii.2013 , B.-X. Guo leg. ( TARI ); 3 ♀♀, Tengchih, 12.iii.2013 , Y.-T. Chung leg. ( TARI ); 2 ♀♀, Maolin, 26.iii.1982 , K. C. Chou & C. C. Pan leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♂ , near Liukuei, Shanping LTER site, 1.iv.2003 , L. Papp & M. Földvári leg. ( HNHM ); 2 ♀♀, Meishan env., 950 m , 12.vi.2008 , F. & L. Kantner leg. ( FKCC ); 3 ♂♂ 3 ♀♀, Liukuei, 29.iv.–8.v.1982 , H. Takizawa leg. ( HTCH ). Nantou County: 1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, Wushe, 6.–11.v.1981 , K. S. Lin & S. C. Lin leg. ( TARI ); 4 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, Wushe, 19.–22.iv.1983 , K. C. Chou & S. P. Huang leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♂ 3 ♀♀, Wushe, 7.v.1984 , K. C. Chou & C. C. Pan leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Nanshanchi, 7.iv.2010 , Y.- T. Wang leg. ( TARI ); 3 ♂♂ 23 ♀♀, Tungpu, 28.iv.–2.v.1981 , T. Lin & C. J. Lee leg. ( TARI ); 3 ♀♀, Tungpu, 16.–20.iv.1984 , K. C. Chou & C. H. Yung leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♀, Lienhuachih, 22.iii.2009 , U. Ong leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♀, Tsuifeng, 8.v.1981 , K. S. Lin & S. C. Lin leg. ( TARI ). Pingtung County: 1 ♀, Ouluanpi, 24.iii.1982 , T. Lin & S. C. Lin leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Lilungshan, 5.iii.2013 , J.-C. Chen leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♂ , Peitawushan, 17.ii.2010 , S.-F. Yu leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♂ , Peitawushan, 5.ii.2011 , J.-C. Chen leg. ( TARI ); 3 ♂♂ 6 ♀♀, Peitawushan, 4.iv.2013 , Y.-T. Chung leg. ( TARI , 2 ♀♀ in NMPC ); 1 ♂ 5 ♀♀, Kenting, 22.–26.iii.1982 , T. Lin & S. C. Lin leg. ( TARI ); 2 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, Machia, 11.iii.2013 , Y.-T. Chung leg. ( TARI ); 3 ♂♂ 2 ♀♀, Nanjen hu, 10.iii.2011 , J.-C. Chen leg. ( TARI , 2 ♂♂ in NMPC ); 1 ♂ , Hsuhai, 20.i.2012 , M.-H. Tsou leg. ( TARI ); 6 ♀♀, Shantimen, 28.iii.–1.iv.1981 , C. C. Chen & C. C. Pan leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♀, Tahanlintao, 25.ii.2012 , M.-H. Tsou leg. ( TARI ). Taichung County: 1 ♀, Tahsuehshan, 19.iv.2011 , J.-C. Chen leg. ( TARI ). Tainan County: 1 ♂ , Kuantzuling, 13.–25.iii.2011 , M.-L. Jeng leg. ( TARI ). Taipei County: 3 ♂♂, Chinshan, 4.v.2013 , M.-H. Tsou leg. ( TARI ); 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, Linshanpi, 31.v.2009 , M.-H. Tsou leg. ( TARI ); 2 ♂♂ 1 ♀, Guanyinshan, 500 m , 14.–21.iv.2002 , G. Fabián & O. Merkl leg. ( HNHM ); 1 ♀, Pinling, Jinggualiao river, 17, iv.2003 , L. Papp leg. ( HNHM ). Taitung County: 1 ♀, Litao, 29.iii.2011 , M.-H. Tsou leg. ( TARI ); 2 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀, Tajen, 17.iii.2009 , U. Ong leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♂ , Shouka, 25.ii.2009 , C.-F. Lee leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♀, Shouka, 5.vi.2012 , Y.-T. Chung leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♂ , Tungho, 29.i.2011 , M.-H. Tsou leg. ( TARI ). Taoyuan County: 5 ♂♂, Fuhsing, 28.iii.2010 , M.-H. Tsou leg. ( TARI ); 1 ♂ , Baling, 23.iv.1972 , S. Nakamura leg. ( HTCH ). Yilan County: 3 ♂♂ 8 ♀♀, Fushan Chihwuyuan, 20.iii.2009 , C.-F. Lee leg. ( TARI ). Redescription . Measurements. Males: 3.2–4.2 mm , females: 3.9–4.6 mm . Dorsal side glabrous (elytral apical slopes with very short sparse setae), elongate, slightly convex. Body and legs metallic bluish-black, knees usually brownish, mouthparts brown to black, antennae black or antennomeres orange in various degrees, abdomen yellow. Male ( Fig. 26 ). Anterior part of head impunctate, glabrous. Interantennal space as wide as transverse diameter of antennal socket. Interocular space 2.35 times as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Antennae relatively robust, short, 0.6 times as long as body, length ratio of antennomeres equals 12-6-6-10 -9- 9-9-10-10 -9-15, antennomeres short, antennomeres VIII and IX 1.55–1.65 times as long as wide, antennomere IX narrowed basally, dorsally with distinct keel, in lateral view extended and angulate. Pronotum lustrous, subquadrate, 1.2 times as broad as long, widest in anterior third, covered with two kinds of punctures, fine dense punctures and larger sparse punctures, punctures in the middle of disc almost indistinct. Anterior margin straight (sometimes slightly concave in middle part), lateral margins rounded, sometimes nearly angulate at anterior third, posterior margin widely rounded with almost straight middle part. Anterior margin indistinctly bordered, lateral and posterior margins moderately bordered. Anterior angles swollen with setigerous pore, posterior angles with small pointed tip with setigerous pore, all pores bearing long pale seta, additional very short dense setae visible on anterior and posterior margins of pronotum, and longer but sparser setae also on lateral margins. Elytra 1.60 times as long as wide and 0.70 times as long as body, slightly divergent posteriorly, widest at apical third. Length ratio of protarsomeres I, II, III and V equals 8-6-4-9, of metatarsomeres I, II, III and V equals 13-7-5- 10. FIGURES 23–28. Habitus of Charaea . 23— Ch. costatum (female, 5.1 mm); 24— Ch. kelloggi (male, 5.1 mm); 25— Ch. mimicum (male, 5.3 mm); 26— Ch. miyamotoi (male, 4.2 mm); 27— Ch. akkoae (male, Japan, 3.3 mm); 28— Ch. pseudoakkoae (male, 3.7 mm). FIGURES 29–31. Everted internal sac of aedeagus. 29— Charaea kelloggi (dorsal, lateral and ventral views); 30— Ch. mimicum (dorsal, lateral and ventral views); 31— Ch. miyamotoi (dorsal view). Not to scale. FIGURES 32–39. Type specimens of Charaea and their labels. 32–33— Exosoma costatum (holotype, female, 4.0 mm); 34–35— Calomicrus kelloggi (paratype, male, 4.6 mm); 36–37— Calomicrus miyamotoi (paratype, male, 3.5 mm); 38–39— Calomicrus takizawai (holotype, male, 3.6 mm). FIGURES 40–51. Elucidated aedeagus in dorsal view with internal sac not everted. 40— Charaea kelloggi ; 41— Ch. mimicum ; 42— Ch. akkoae (from Japan); 43— Ch. pseudoakkoae ; 44— Ch. sasajii ; 45— Ch. miyamotoi ; 46— Ch. shirozui ; 47— Ch. taiwanum ; 48— Ch. maxbarclayi sp. nov. ; 49— Ch. chujoi (from Japan); 50— Ch. houjayi sp. nov. ; 51— Ch. haruoi sp. nov. Not to scale. Prosternum not visible between procoxae. Posterior margin with two deep narrow incisions ( Fig. 20 ). Aedeagus very long, symmetrical, parallel, apex triangular, with row of setae laterally, in lateral view slightly rounded, apex distinctly bent down ( Fig. 17 ). Only one extremely long thin basally wider sclerite inside aedeagus. Internal sac simple with setae-like structures cummulated along middle part of sclerite ( Figs 31 , 45 ). Female. Interocular space 1.9 times as wide as transverse diameter of eye. Antenna shorter than in male, 0.50–0.57 times as long as body, antennomeres VI–X short, 2.15–2.30 times as long as wide, antennomere IX normal. Last ventrite with widely rounded apex ( Fig. 22 ). Pygidium subtriangular with rounded apex ( Fig. 21 ). Sternite VIII triangular with anterior margin widely rounded, tignum slender, twice longer than sternite VIII ( Fig. 19 ). Spermatheca: nodulus with trasverse wrinkles, gradually continuing to cornu, cornu C-shaped, gradually narrowed apically, proximal spermathecal duct wide and almost straight basally, then suddenly narrowed ( Fig. 18 ). Distribution. Taiwan . FIGURES 52–63. Details of Charaea akkoae and Ch. pseudoaakkoae . 52–57— Ch. akkoae ; 58–63— Ch. pseudoaakkoae . 52, 58: aedeagus (dorsal, lateral and ventral views); 53, 59: spermatheca; 54, 60: sternite VIII; 55, 61: last ventrite of male; 56, 62: female pygidium; 57, 63: last ventrite of female. Scale bars: 0.5 mm for Figs 52, 55–58 and 61–63, 0.25 mm for Figs 53–54 and 59–60. Biology. Part of the specimens were collected on the flowers of various plants, including Maesa perlaria (Lour.) Merr. var. formosana (Mez) Yuen P. Yang (Myrsinaceae) ; Deutzia pulchra Vidal (Saxifragaceae) ; Symplocos chinensis (Lour.) Druce (Symplocaceae) and Pasania hancei (Benth.) Schottky var. ternaticupula f. naticupula (Hayata) Liao ( Fagaceae ). Differential diagnosis. Charaea miyamotoi is characterized by the robust antennae (antennomere IX of male extended and angulate), subquadrate pronotum, 1.2 times as broad as long and covered with double punctuation, and the extremely long aedeagus and internal sclerite. Males cannot be confused with any other Taiwanese species due to the unique structure of the antennae (all other species have filiform antennae). Females can be confused with some other species (particularly Ch. pseudoakkoae , Ch. shirozui or Ch. houjayi sp. nov. ) but can be recognized by more robust antennomeres that are distinctly wider and shorter than in filiform antennae of other species.