A new Indian species of the orb-weaving spider genus Glenognatha Simon, 1887 with a new combination and a new synonymy of Tylorida marmorea (Pocock, 1901) (Araneae, Tetragnathinae)
Author
Sankaran, Pradeep M.
Division of Arachnology, Department of Zoology, Sacred Heart College, Thevara, Cochin, Kerala 682 013, India.
Author
Caleb, John T. D.
Zoological Survey of India, Prani Vigyan Bhawan, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 053, India. caleb 87 woodgate @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9471 - 9467
Author
Sebastian, Pothalil A.
Division of Arachnology, Department of Zoology, Sacred Heart College, Thevara, Cochin, Kerala 682 013, India. & drpothalil @ rediffmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4936 - 4310
text
Zootaxa
2020
2020-07-01
4808
1
196
200
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.4808.1.12
1175-5326
3927893
C00DD631-E3A7-4A13-974F-597EF865090E
Tylorida marmorea
(
Pocock, 1901
)
(
Fig. 3
)
Orsinome marmorea
Pocock, 1901: 479
.
Gravely, 1921: 448
, fig. 7a–b. (For a complete list of references, see the
World Spider Catalog 2020
).
Pachygnatha silentvalliensis
Biswas & Roy, 2004: 183
, figs 1–5. (Figures are referred to but were apparently not published; misidentification).
Holotype
female from
INDIA
:
Kerala
:
Palakkad
:
Silent Valley
:
Road
to
Valliaparathode
; R.
S. Pillai
leg.;
5 December 1980
; repository NZC-ZSI,
Kolkata
(5566/18), examined.
Paratype
1 female
and
allotype
2 males
, same data as holotype except 5567/18 and 5568/18 respectively, examined.
New synonymy.
FIGURE 3A–J.
Tylorida marmorea
(
Pocock, 1901
)
.A, Holotype of
Pachygnatha silentvalliensis
Biswas & Roy, 2004
, female habitus, dorsal. B, Paratype of
P
.
silentvalliensis
female habitus, dorsal. C, Allotype of
P. silentvalliensis
male habitus, dorsal. D, Epigynum of holotype female, ventral. E, Epigynum of paratype female, ventral. F–G, Left pedipalp of allotype male; F, retrolateral; G, dorsal. H–J, Labels from type jar. Scale bars: A–C, 2 mm; D–E, 0.5 mm; F–G, 1 mm.
Type material status.
The ZSI collection has one glass jar for this species, containing the
holotype
,
paratype
and
allotype
in two glass tubes. The
holotype
and the
paratype
are kept together in the same glass tube with both labels. The
holotype
female is larger than the
paratype
with separated opisthosoma and dissected genitalia. The same tube has a small glass vial containing the dissected genitalia. The
paratype
female is in good condition except for the broken legs. The two
allotype
males are in good condition and are kept in the second glass tube.
Justification of the synonymy.
Biswas and Roy (2004)
described
P
.
silentvalliensis
based on male and female specimens collected in
Kerala
. Detailed examination of the
types
of
P
.
silentvalliensis
suggests that this species has all of the diagnostic features of
Tylorida
as proposed in
Álvarez-Padilla and Hormiga (2011)
and
Sankaran
et al.
(2017)
: cymbial dorso-basal process shorter than half the cymbial width and perpendicular to the cymbium longitudinal axis, short, acute embolus with a broad, twisted embolic base, short, lamelliform conductor lying dorsal to embolus, ventrally swollen tegulum with a disto-median triangular process, long, tubular fertilization ducts connected to both copulatory ducts and spermathecal bulb and copulatory and fertilization ducts running parallel before entering into spermathecal bulb. Further examination of male and female genitalia confirmed its synonymy with
T
.
marmorea
(compare
Fig. 3
D–G with
Sankaran
et al.
2017
: figs 8C–D, G–H, 9A, C, 10C–D, G–H, 11A, C). The species
P
.
silentvalliensis
should thus be regarded a junior synonym of
T
.
marmorea
.