Azygosporus gen. nov., a synapmorphic clade in the family Ancylistaceae Author Cai 1, Yue College of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei, 230601, China & Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China Author Nie *, Yong Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China & School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China Author Zhao, Heng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-5613 Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China Author Wang, ZiMin School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China Author Zhou, ZhengYu School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243002, China Author Liu, XiaoYong College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China liuxiaoyong@im.ac.cn Author Huang, Bo Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China bhuang@ahau.edu.cn text MycoKeys 2021 2021-12-31 85 161 172 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.73405 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.85.73405 1314-4049-85-161 FB4C2D5887F255B5B7500E53FA6EC479 Azygosporus macropapillatus B. Huang & Y. Nie sp. nov. Fig. 2 Etymology. macropapillatus (Lat.), named by its prominent basal papilla. Host and known distribution. Isolated from plant debris and mosses in Anhui Province, China. Type specimens examined. China , Anhui Province , Ningguo City , Fangtang Town , 30°30'57" N , 118°42'17" E , from plant debris, 12 Nov 2020 , Y. Nie , HMAS 350621, holotype , culture ex-holotype CGMCC 3.16068 (= RCEF 6680 ). GenBank : nrLSU = MZ542006 ; TEF1 = MZ555650 ; mtSSU = MZ542279 . Figure 2. Morphological characters of Azygosporus macropapillatus : a) colony on PDA after 3 d at 21 °C, b) mycelia rarely branched at the colony edge, c-f) primary conidiophores bearing primary conidia, g-h) Primary conidia with prominent basal papillum, j-k) secondary conidia arising from primary conidia, i-m) azygospores formed in the middle region of the old hyphal segment, n) immature azygospore, and o-q) mature azygospores. Scale bars: a) 10 mm , b) 100 μm , and c-q) 20 μm . Additional specimens examined. China , Anhui Province , Jinzhai County , Tiantangzhai National Forest Park, 31°20'68" N, 115°81'25" E, from mosses, 6 Nov 2008 , C.F. Wang , culture RCEF 4444 . GenBank : nrLSU = MZ542004 ; TEF1 = MZ555648 ; mtSSU = MZ542277 . China , Anhui Province , Jinzhai County , Tiantangzhai National Forest Park, 31°17'34" N , 115°78'13" E, from plant debris, 3 Dec 2015 , Y. Nie and X.X. Tang , culture RCEF 6334 . GenBank : nrLSU = MZ542005 ; TEF1 = MZ555649 ; mtSSU = MZ542278 . Description. Colonies white, reaching ca 17.0-23.0 mm diameter on PDA after 3 d at 21°C. Mycelia colorless, 3.0-7.5 µm wide, usually unbranched at the colony edge. Primary conidiophores colorless, without widening upward near the tip, unbranched and producing a single conidium, 37.0-150.0 x 5.0-8.5 µm . Primary conidia forcibly discharged, colorless, subglobose, 12.0-19.0 µm wide and 16.5-22.5 µm long, most primary conidia possessed a prominent basal papilla 5.0-10.0 µm wide and 7.5-10.0 µm long. Secondary conidia arising from the primary ones with a similar shape and a smaller size. Resting spores (azygospores) observed after 10 d, and the young spores formed in the middle region of the old hyphal segments. The young spores enlarge gradually to form mature azygpspores with less thickening. Mature azygospores colorless, subglobose 25.0-30.0 x 27.0-34.0 μm with a wall 0.5-1.0 μm thick. Notes. Morphologically, Azygosporus macropapillatus sp. nov. has conidial dimensions similar to six Conidiobolus s.l. species without capilliconidia and microconidia: C. parvus , M. nodosus , M. paulus , N. kunyushanensis , N. lamprauges , and N. pachyzygosporus ( Drechsler 1953 , 1957 , 1962 ; Srinivasan and Thirumalachar 1967 ; Nie et al. 2018 , 2021 ). However, A. macropapillatus sp. nov. produces a prominent basal papilla of primary conidia that differs from other related species (see detailed morphological comparisons in Table 2 ). A. macropapillatus sp. nov. forms azygospores most closely resembling those of C. parvus (= A. parvus ), which is its closest known relative with robust support (100/100/1.00). A. macropapillatus sp. nov. is distinguished from C. parvus (= A. parvus ) by its longer primary conidiophore and its prominent basal papilla.