The recent apple snails of Africa and Asia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Ampullariidae: Afropomus, Forbesopomus, Lanistes, Pila, Saulea): a nomenclatural and type catalogue. The apple snails of the Americas: addenda and corrigenda Author Cowie, Robert H. text Zootaxa 2015 3940 1 1 92 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3940.1.1 5013eaff-bb37-4be3-a1ea-43c11d0cf5d1 1175-5326 288204 B5D45D1B-4B52-4F0B-8AF6-B587F8857475 intortus Ampullaria intorta Lamarck, 1816 : pl. 457, fig. 4a, b [1822a: 179]. Type material — syntype : MHNG-INVE- 51297 (formerly 1093/100). Type locality —no locality given. Distribution — Gambia ( Paetel 1887: 479 ), Democratic Republic of the Congo ( Dupuis & Putzeys 1902: LX ), Lower Congo River ( Pilsbry & Bequaert 1927: 192–193 ). Remarks . Mermod (1952: 92–95) discussed the single specimen in the Lamarck collection in MHNG, considering it to be “le Type ” and that it is faithfully represented by the illustrations of Lamarck (1816: pl. 457, fig. 4a, b). Binder (1957: 108) also referred to it as “Le type ”. However, neither citation of “ Type ”/” type ” is necessarily evidence that the specimen is a holotype ( Code , Art. 72.4.7), they do not constitute lectotype designations ( Code Arts. 74.5, 74.6) and, following the Code (Rec. 73F), a holotype should not be assumed. Therefore, it is here treated as a syntype , pending possible future designation as a lectotype . Binder (1957: 107–109) discussed the confused history of this species, arising primarily from the supposed misidentification of Lamarck’s species by Martens (1879: 191, pl. 157, figs. 1–3) , Kobelt (1912b: 27, pl. 29, figs. 4–6) and Pilsbry & Bequaert (1927: 192, pl. 18, figs. 2–4) , and from the identification by Morelet (1848: 354) of his specimen of intorta Lamarck as a distinct species that he named libyca . To maintain stability of the usage of intorta sensu Martens and of libyca Morelet, Binder suppressed intorta Lamarck as a junior synonym of libyca Morelet. This treatement was followed by Brown (1980 : 49, 1994: 59) and Berthold (1991: 246) , and by Köhler & Glaubrecht (2006: 206) , who designated a lectotype (ZMB 39407a) and paralectotypes (ZMB 39407b (2 spms.), ZMB 111747 (1 spm.)) for intorta sensu Martens. However , according to the Code (Art. 49) a “previously established specific or subspecific name wrongly applied to denote a species-group taxon because of misidentification cannot be used as an available name for that taxon”. Hence, intorta Martens is unavailable and another name must be used for the taxon he actually treated, if indeed it is distinct from intorta Lamarck. The lectotype and paralectotypes designated by Köhler & Glaubrecht (2006: 206) have no status. In addition, if libyca Morelet is in fact not distinct from intorta Lamarck , it must be treated as a junior synonym of intorta Lamarck. Binder’s interpretations require verification. Therefore this catalogue does not assess the status of intorta sensu Martens as either the same as intorta Lamarck or a misidentification of his material as intorta Lamarck ; and it treats libyca Morelet as distinct from intorta Lamarck , following Pilsbry & Bequaert (1927: 187, 192) . Valid species, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1916: 66) and Pilsbry & Bequaert (1927: 192) , who both placed it in Lanistes s . str . inversa Ampullaria inversa Jay, 1836 : 47 . Unavailable name: nom . nud . Remarks . Name attributed to “Lam.” (= Lamarck) and the material stated as originating from Egypt . Listed here under Lanistes , as the name inversa probably reflects the superficially sinistral shell of this genus.