Review of Gonatocerus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in the Neotropical region, with description of eleven new species
Author
Triapitsyn, Serguei V.
Author
Huber, John T.
Author
Logarzo, Guillermo A.
Author
Berezovskiy, Vladimir V.
Author
Aquino, Daniel A.
text
Zootaxa
2010
2010-05-14
2456
1
243
journal article
32054
10.5281/zenodo.894928
77799ae7-9459-43e9-af68-c88aa98852a5
1175-5326
894928
Gonatocerus
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
margiscutum
Girault, 1914
(
Figs 106–118
)
Gonatocerus margiscutum
Girault 1914
: 150
–151.
Type
locality:
San Bernardino
,
Paraguay
.
Lymaenon
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
dimorphus
Ogloblin 1938a
: 95
, 99 (illustrations), 101–105, 106 (key).
Type
locality:
Apostoles
,
Misiones
,
Argentina
.
Syn. n.
Lymaenon
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
dimorphus
Ogloblin: Ogloblin 1938b
: 29
(mentioned).
Lymaenon
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
monrosi
Ogloblin 1959a
: 185
–188.
Type
locality:
Bella Vista
,
Buenos Aires
,
Argentina
.
Syn. n.
Gonatocerus dimorphus
(Ogloblin)
:
Costa
Lima
1962
: 196
;
Yoshimoto 1990
: 40
(listed in
membraciphagus
species group);
Luft Albarracin
et al.
2009
: 9
(list; distribution and host association in
Argentina
).
Gonatocerus
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
dimorphus
(Ogloblin)
:
De Santis & Esquivel 1967
: 100
(list); De Santis 1967: 106 (catalog).
Gonatocerus
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
monrosi
(Ogloblin)
: De Santis 1967: 106 (catalog).
Lymaenon dimorphus
Ogloblin
:
De Santis
et al.
1973
: 43
–44 (record from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil);
De Santis 1980
: 148
(catalog);
Loiácono
et al.
2005
: 13
(type information).
Gonatocerus
(
Gonatocerus
)
margiscutum
Girault
:
De Santis 1979
: 366
(catalog).
Gonatocerus margiscutum
Girault
:
Yoshimoto 1990
: 40
(list).
Gonatocerus monrosi
(Ogloblin)
:
Yoshimoto 1990
: 40
(listed in
membraciphagus
species group);
Luft Albarracin
et al.
2009
: 10
(list; distribution in
Argentina
).
Lymaenon monrosi
Ogloblin
:
Loiácono
et al.
2005
: 17
(
type
information).
FIGURES 106–108.
Gonatocerus
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
margiscutum
♀ (paralectotype of
G. dimorphus
): 106, antenna; 107, body; 108, wings.
Type
material examined.
Lectotype
male of
Gonatocerus margiscutum
[
ZMHB
], here designated to avoid confusion about the status of the
type
specimens of this species, on slide labeled: 1. “
Gonatocerus margiscutum
Gir.
♂
types
.”; 2. [red] “
Type
”; 3. “31962”. The
lectotype
(left specimen, circled in black ink) is poorly mounted dorsoventrally (
Fig. 115
), missing two apical flagellomeres of one antenna and F11 of the other antenna. One
paralectotype
male is under the same coverslip with the
lectotype
; only the body (without head), one forewing, and several legs (one detached) remain. According to
Girault (1914, p. 150)
, the two original
syntypes
were remounted by him in xylol-balsam from minuten pins bearing the labels “4389. San Bernardino. K. Fiebrig S. V.
IX. 9.
”.
FIGURES 109, 110.
Gonatocerus
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
margiscutum
♀ (holotype of
G. monrosi
): 109, wings; 110, antenna.
Lectotype female of
Lymaenon
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
dimorphus
[MLPA], here designated to avoid confusion about the status of the type specimens of this species, on slide labeled: “
Gastrogonatocerus dimorphus
A. O. ♀ Apostoles, Mis
16.I.1937
. A. A. O. Huevos de
Kronid.
decumbens
. [
cachleatum
– co] sobre
Eryngium
. [Fig. – ip, iR]”. The lectotype, although not sufficiently cleared, is perfectly spread out, in a very good condition, mounted dorsoventrally. Paralectotypes [all MLPA]: 1 ♂ on the same slide and under the same coverslip with the lectotype; 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ on slide labeled: “
Gastrogonatocerus dimorphus
A. O. ♀ Apostoles, Mis
16.I.1937
. Huevos de
Kronid.
decumbens
sobre
Eryngium
.”. Also 2 females and 2 males on slides, with the same data as the lectotype, listed as syntypes by
Loiácono
et al.
(2005)
.
Lymaenon
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
dimorphus
was described from 6 female and 5 male syntypes; the whereabouts of the remaining 2 female and 1 male paralectotypes not mentioned above are unknown.
Holotype
female of
Lymaenon
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
monrosi
[
MLPA
], on slide labeled: 1. “
Lymaenon
♀
Gastrogonatoce-rus
monrosi
Det. A. Ogloblin
Holotypus
. Bella Vista. Pcia. B. Aires.
12.XII.1957
. A. A. O.”; 2. [original label ip] “
Holotypus
Gastrogonatocerus meridionalis
[emn] A. O.
♀
B Vista
8.xii.57
”; 3. “3879”. The
holotype
, although uncleared, is in very good condition, perfectly spread out, and mounted dorsoventrally. One
paratype
female [
MLPA
] on slide, with the same data as the
holotype
except collected on
9.xii.1957
, listed by
Loiácono
et al.
(2005)
as possibly belonging to the
type
series of this species.
Lymaenon
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
monrosi
was described from
2 females
(the
holotype
and a
paratype
) and
4 male
paratypes
including the
allotype
; the whereabouts of these males are unknown.
Material
examined.
ARGENTINA
.
FORMOSA
,
26.27°S
58.27°W
,
60 m
,
26.iii.2003
,
J. Munro
[
1 ♂
,
UCRC
]
.
FIGURES 111–113.
Gonatocerus
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
margiscutum
♀ (holotype of
G. monrosi
), body: 111, dorsal view; 112, dorsoventral (intermediate) view; 113, ventral view.
FIGURES 114–118.
Gonatocerus
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
margiscutum
♂ (114, 116–118 – 26.27°S 58.27°W, S of Formosa, Formosa, Argentina; 115 – lectotype): 114, antenna; 115, body; 116, scutellum, dorsellum, and propodeum; 117, forewing; 118, genitalia.
Redescription.
FEMALE (
lectotype
and
paralectotype
of
G. dimorphus
and
holotype
of
G. monrosi
). Body length 867–1322 µm. Body and appendages light brown to brown, flagellum somewhat darker.
Antenna (
Figs 106
,
110
) with radicle about 0.2x total length of scape, rest of scape 2.6x as long as wide; pedicel longer than F1; F1–F4 short, subequal, and without mps; F5–F8 longer, subequal in length, and each with 2 mps; clava with at least 8 mps, 3.0–4.0x as long as wide, a little longer than combined length of F6–F8.
Mesosoma (
Figs 107
,
111–113
). Mesoscutum and scutellum with weak sculpture; propodeum smooth; propodeal spiracle not very large although perhaps somewhat larger than normal in size. Forewing (
Figs 108
,
109
) 2.9–3.2x as long as wide; longest marginal seta about 0.2x maximum wing width; forewing disc almost hyaline, bare behind and just beyond venation except for 2 setae behind stigmal vein, apical 0.6 or so of disc setose. Hind wing (
Figs 108
,
109
)
13–15x
as long as wide; disc with 2 rows of setae along margins and with a few scattered short setae, almost hyaline; longest marginal seta 1.5–1.8x maximum wing width.
Petiole much wider than long; gaster longer than mesosoma; ovipositor (
Figs 107
,
111–113
) long, 2.7– 3.1x length of mesotibia, projecting strongly forward under mesosoma (at least as far as procoxa) and not exserted beyond apex of gaster.
MALE (lectotype and paralectotype of
G. margiscutum
and 2 paralectotypes of
G. dimorphus
). Body length
1175–1298
µm. Similar to female except for normal sexually dimorphic features and the following. Antenna (
Fig. 114
) with scape plus radicle 2.1–2.3x as long as wide. Mesosoma as in
Fig. 116
. Forewing (
Fig. 117
) 2.8–3.0x as long as wide. Genitalia as in
Fig. 118
.
Measurements (µm) of the
lectotype
of
G. margiscutum
.
Total body length: 1298. Antenna: scape 91; pedicel 51; F1 118; F2 121; F3 124; F4 124; F5 124; F6 121; F7 121; F8 121; F9 121; F10 116. Forewing 621:209; longest marginal seta 40. Hind wing 485:31; longest marginal seta 55.
Diagnosis.
Gonatocerus
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
margiscutum
is characterized by the following unique combination: female antenna (
Figs 106
,
110
) with F1–F4 short, without mps, and F5–F8 longer, subequal in length, each with 2 mps; forewing (
Figs 108
,
109
) hyaline, mostly bare behind and just beyond venation; and ovipositor long (2.7–3.1x as long as mesotibia), projecting strongly forward under mesosoma (at least as far as procoxa) and not exserted beyond apex of gaster (
Figs 107
,
111-113
).
Distribution.
NEOTROPICAL:
Argentina
*,
Brazil
* (
De Santis
et al.
1973
) [as
Lymaenon dimorphus
], and
Paraguay
.
Host.
Kronides incumbens
(Germar) (Membracidae)
(
Ogloblin 1938a [as
Kronides decumbens
(sic)
] for
Lymaenon
(
Gastrogonatocerus
)
dimorphus
;
De Santis
et al.
1973
[as
Kronides incumbes
(sic)] for
Lymaenon dimorphus
).
Comments.
One small female specimen in
UCRC
(from
Argentina
,
Tucumán
, W of
Tapia
,
26°33’54’’S
65°17’22’’W
,
720 m
,
17–19.iii.2007
,
J.M. Heraty
) may or may not belong to this species – it lacks mps on F6.