Two new Ptychoptera Meigen, 1803 (Diptera, Ptychopteridae) from the Western Palaearctic Author Dvorak, Libor https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4712-3679 Tri Sekery 21, CZ- 35301 Marianske Lazne, Czech Republic Author Fogasova, Katarina https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9604-1885 Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, 17. novembra 1, SK- 08116 Presov, Slovakia katarina.fogasova@smail.unipo.sk Author Obona, Jozef https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-658X Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, 17. novembra 1, SK- 08116 Presov, Slovakia Author Toeroek, Edina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5982-7078 " Lenduelet " Landscape and Conservation Ecology Research Group, Institute of Ecology and Botany, Centre for Ecological Research, Alkotmany str. 2 - 4, Vacratot, H- 2163, Hungary Author Manko, Peter https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1862-9117 Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, 17. novembra 1, SK- 08116 Presov, Slovakia text ZooKeys 2023 2023-06-06 1166 91 102 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1166.96193 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1166.96193 1313-2970-1166-91 4B15C8CDDFF94ACEAD2A749D3AB5C5AD 4632CBCBEB0659009F53366E2553A21C Ptychoptera staryi Dvorak , Obona & Manko sp. nov. Figs 4 , 5 Type material. Holotype : 1 ♂: Bulgaria, Rhodopes, Yundola, 1 300 m a. s. l., 42°3'47"N , 23°51'17"E , 30.VI.2016, leg. M. Bartak et S . Kubik . Description. Male. Head : Frons, vertex, and occiput black, mouthparts including palpi pale yellow, scape and pedicel yellowish orange, antennal flagellomeres greyish. Thorax : Predominantly black with silvery pubescent pleurae. Pronotum, epimeron 3 and metanotum 3 yellow. Fore and mid coxae and trochanters yellow, hind coxae brownish black basally, yellow apically, coxae also yellow. Almost all legs are missing. Halteres whitish yellow with a darker knob. Wing length 12 mm (Fig. 4b ). Wing with yellowish veins and infuscated spots on fork vein Rs+R, all cross-veins, end of R1 vein up to its fork with R2 vein, on fork vein R4+R5 and on fork vein M1+M2. Legs: femur pale, darker in apical ¹⁄5, almost black on extreme apex; tibia pale brown in basal 1/2 , darker apically and almost black on extreme apex; tarsomere 1 almost black, tarsomeres 2 and 3 dark brown, tarsomeres 4 and 5 pale brown. Figure 4. Ptychoptera staryi sp. nov. a habitus of male, lateral view b wing. Abdomen : Tergum 1, tergum 2, apical ¹⁄5 of tergum 3, almost whole tergum 4 except base, and whole terga 5-7 black; sternum 1 black, sternum 2 brown, sterna 5-7 black; the remainder orange yellow. Male genitalia : similar to P. incognita . Epandrial clasper slightly curved outwards with simple obtuse apex; anterior projection of ventromesal lobe sharp, posterior projection bow-shaped backwards; space between both projections is rounded, almost semi-circular. Gonocoxite and gonostylus: apical process of paramere with a U-shaped dark structure with thick edges; paramere base rounded, convex; width to height ratio of dorsal gonocoxal lobe 0.5; dorsal gonocoxal lobe with dense tiny dark hairs. Aedeagus: sides of lateral ejaculatory process distinctly convex, basal projections markedly convergent; transition to lateral ejaculatory process smooth, undulate. Hypandrium: width to length ratio 1.2; apex of hypogynial valves start under basal division of hypandrium. See also differential diagnosis. Female. Unknown. Etymology. The name is dedicated to our colleague Jaroslav Stary and his life jubilee. (Jaroslav discovered the holotype of new species in his own material and provided it for the description). Differential diagnosis. The new species is very similar to P. incognita Toeroek , Kolcsar & Keresztes, 2015 (see also Table 2 ). After comparing the holotype of P. staryi sp. nov. with individuals of P. incognita (material used in Toeroek et al. 2015 : 2 individuals from Bulgaria, 17 individuals from Romania), we found that a diagnosis was possible on the basis of differences in male genitalia (Fig. 5 , marked with arrows), namely: (i) shape of the plate on ventral parts of epandrium is of a different shape and orientated at a different angle in P. staryi ; (ii) chitinisation (sclerotisation) of the proximo-lateral processes of the gonocoxite is not developed and these processes are light coloured in P. staryi in contrast to P. incognita with strong chitinisation and dark colouration; (iii) the hairs of margins of gonocoxite, gonostylus, and epandrium are much less dense and finer in contrast to P. incognita (not visible in Fig. 5 ). Figure 5. Epandrium, gonocoxite and gonostylus, and hypandrium of P. staryi sp. nov., P. incognita , and P. albimana. Abbreviations: ECP = epandrial clasper, EL = epandrial lobe, EPI = epiproct, GBM = medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GCT = gonocoxite, GAS = apical stylus of gonostylus, GAT = tertiary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus, PPA = apical process of paramere, HBD = basal division of hypandrium, HMW = membranous window of terminal division of hypandrium, HTD = terminal division of hypandrium. Table 2. Diagnostics of P. staryi sp. nov., P. incognita , and P. albimana based on male genitalia (see also Fig. 5 ).

-	P. staryi sp. nov.	P. incognita	P. albimana
Epandrium	Shape of the plate on ventral site and the space between projections rounded, almost semi-circular.	Projections of the plate on ventral site in about right angle, space between projections quadrangular.	Projections of the plate on ventral site in obtuse angle, space between projections rounded, more than semicircle.
Gonocoxite and gonostylus	Width to height ratio of dorsal gonocoxal lobe 0.5; dorsal gonocoxal lobe with dense tiny dark hairs. The hairs of margins of gonocoxite and gonostylus much less dense and finer. Chitinisation of the proximo-lateral processes of the gonocoxite not developed, processes light coloured.	Width to height ratio of dorsal gonocoxal lobe 0.6; dorsal gonocoxal lobe with sparse small hairs. The hairs of margins of gonocoxite and gonostylus dense and stronger. Chitinisation of the proximo-lateral processes of the gonocoxite strongly chitinised, dark.	Width to height ratio of dorsal gonocoxal lobe 0.4; dorsal gonocoxal lobe with tiny dark hairs at the top. The hairs of margins of gonocoxite and gonostylus dense and stronger. Chitinisation of the proximo-lateral processes of the gonocoxite not developed, processes pale coloured.
Aedeagus	Sides of lateral ejaculatory process distinctly convex, basal projections markedly convergent; transition to lateral ejaculatory process smooth, undulate.	Sides of lateral ejaculatory process slightly convex, basal projections divergent; transition to lateral ejaculatory process steep, in a right or acute angle to the axis of aedeagus.	Sides of lateral ejaculatory process slightly convex, basal projections almost parallel; transition to lateral ejaculatory process steep, in an obtuse angle to the axis of aedeagus.
Hypandrium	Width and length ratio 1.2; apex of hypogynial valves start under basal division of hypandrium.	Width and length ratio 0.9; apex of hypogynial valves start on bases of basal division of hypandrium.	Width and length ratio 0.9; apex of hypogynial valves start over basal division of hypandrium.