High diversity of Drosophilidae (Insecta, Diptera) in the Pampas Biome of South America, with descriptions of new Rhinoleucophenga species Author Poppe, Jean Lucas Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Caixa Postal 15.053, 91501 - 970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. E-mail: lucaspoppe @ bol. com. br Author Schmitz, Hermes José Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana (UNILA). Av. Tancredo Neves, 6731, Bloco 4. Caixa Postal 2044, 85867 - 970, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brasil. E-mail: hj. schmitz @ gmail. com Author Grimaldi, David American Museum of Natural History. Central Park West at 79 th St. New York, New York 10024 - 5192, USA, Phone: 212 - 769 - 5615. Email: grimaldi @ amnh. org Author Valente, Vera Lúcia Da Silva Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Caixa Postal 15.053, 91501 - 970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. E-mail: lucaspoppe @ bol. com. br & Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. E-mail: vera. valente @ pq. cnpq. br & Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Caixa Postal 15.053, 91501 - 970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. vera.valente@pq.cnpq.br text Zootaxa 2014 2014-03-14 3779 2 215 245 journal article 5823 10.11646/zootaxa.3779.2.6 7264c303-f507-40d9-a6d7-7d4e0629d402 1175-5326 4910286 A00E240C-6761-40D9-8A49-5BB504A4AD9D Rhinoleucophenga missionera sp. nov. Type series . Holotype : ♂ labelled “ Rhinoleucophenga missionera ; HOLOTYPE ♂ ; Brazil , Rio Grande do Sul , Bossoroca. 28°44’53”S 54°56’38”W , 23.xii.2011 col.: JL Poppe ; banana bait”. Postabdomen of holotype dissected, stored in microvial with glycerin, stored on the same pin with the respective specimen. In FZB/RS . Paratypes : 3♀ labelled “ Rhinoleucophenga missionera ; PARATYPE ; Brazil , Rio Grande do Sul , Bossoroca. 28°44’53”S 54°56’38”W , 23.xii.2011 col.: JL Poppe ; banana bait”. In FZB/RS . Diagnosis . Head covered with ca. 50 scattered interfrontal setulae, thorax brownish, abdomen brownish with brown stripes that make the terminal abdominal portion darker. Wings hyaline, C-index= 3.57 in male and 3.51 in female. Male terminalia as in Figure 9a–b . Description . ♂ . Head ( Fig. 4b ). Front brown, covered with ca. 50 scattered interfrontal setulae, frontal length 0.73mm ; frontal index = 1.17; top-to-bottom width ratio = 1.60; ocellar triangle to front length ratio = 0.33; or1/or3 ratio = 0.85; or2/or1 ratio = 0.77; vibrissal index = 0.3. Carina prominent and sulcate. Cheek index = 8.77. Eye index = 1.47. Antenna with flagellomeres of the same color as front, arista plumose, with 6 dorsal branches and 5 ventral branches plus terminal fork. Palpus light brownish with ca. 20 setae on lower part. Thorax ( Fig. 5b ). Thorax length 2.22mm . Scutum and scutellum brownish; scutum with three narrow longitudinal brown stripes between the dorsocentral setae. 12 rows of acrostichal setulae. 3 pairs of prescutellar setae, the central pair strongest, about 53% of posterior dorsocentral setae. Only one pair of postpronotal setae. Transverse distance between dorsocentral setae 4x longitudinal distance. Basal scutellar setae divergent. Sterno index = 1; median katepisternal setae absent. Halteres whitish yellow. Legs yellow. FIGURE 9. Terminalia of Rhinoleucophenga missionera sp. nov. Ventral view of aedeagus (a), lateral view of aedeagus (b), dorsal view of female terminalia (c), ventral view of female terminalia (d), spermatheca (e). (Scale bars = 0.1 mm) Wings ( Fig. 6b ). Hyaline. Length 3.65mm ; width 1.60mm . Indices: C = 3.57; Hb = 0.37; Ac = 1.21; 4c = 0.88; 4v = 2.09; 5x = 1.23; M = 0.62; prox.x = 1. Abdomen ( Fig. 7b ). Brownish with slightly interrupted brown stripes covering 1/2 of the tergite II, III and IV. Wider stripes posterior to tergite V making the abdomen darker brown in the posterior portion. Body length: 4.67mm . Terminalia ♂ ( Fig. 9a–b ). Aedeagus oval, elongate dorsomedially; straight in apical portion. Paraphyses long and slightly twisted. Apodeme long and bifurcate in posterior portion. ♀ . Head ( Fig. 4e ). Same color pattern and setation as in male. Front length = 0.62mm (0.52–0.72); frontal index = 1.01 (0.93–1.09); top-to-bottom width ratio = 1.16 (1.08–1.25); ocellar triangle to front length ratio = 0.32 (0.28–0.36); or1/or3 ratio = 0.98 (0.93–1.03); or2/or1 ratio = 0.61 (0.56–0.66). vibrissal index = 0.32 (0.29–0.36). Cheek index = 8.9 (7.9–9.9). Eye index = 1.45 (1.42–1.48). Antenna with scape and pedicel of same color as front, flagellomere grayish. Other characters as in male. Thorax ( Fig. 5e ). Same color pattern as male. Thorax length 1.92mm (1.78–2.06). Scutum and scutellum brownish. 12 rows of acrostichal setulae. 3 pairs of prescutellar setae, the central pair strongest, about 53% (53–54) of posterior dorsocentral setae. Transverse distance between dorsocentral setae 4x (3.5–4.5) the longitudinal distance. Sterno index = 0.99 (0.87–1.12). Legs brownish. Other characters as in male. Wings ( Fig. 6e ). Hyaline. Length 3.9mm (3.7–4.1); width 1.6mm (1.5–1.7). Indices: C = 3.51 (3.27–3.74); Hb = 0.42 (0.35–0.5); Ac = 1.39 (1.3–1.48); 4c = 0.91 (0.87–0.96); 4v = 2.09 (1.94–2.23); 5x = 1.53 (1.23–1.83); M = 0.65 (0.59–0.7); prox.x = 0.92 (0.91–0.93). Abdomen ( Fig. 7e ). Same color pattern as in male. Body length: 3.96mm (3.52–4.4). Terminalia ♀ ( Fig. 9c–d ). Cerci long with ca. 30 setae, three longer apical setae on each one. Epiproct short with ca. 14 subequalsetae. Hypoproct larger than long, with ca. 30 setae, 3 apical ones longer. Spermathecal capsule slightly elongate, subparallel medially. Etymology . The species name refers to the region where it was found, in Rio Grande do Sul State , region of Missões. Distribution . Known only from the type locality. Biology . Collected in fermented-banana traps, along the edges and inside forest patches.