Three new species of Coccophagus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) from China, with new distributional data for three additional species Author Chen, Ye Author Li, Cheng-De text Zootaxa 2017 4294 2 256 270 journal article 32646 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.2.8 e4ed9868-de79-4041-a79e-86f61ebfc061 1175-5326 832475 24ED10A8-ADDD-473F-9967-A2397FAC0FED Coccophagus japonicus Compere Figs 21 ̄27 Coccophagus japonicus Compere 1924 : 122 . Holotype ♀ , Japan , USNM , examined. Coccophagus japonicus : Compere, 1931 : 54 ; Liao et al. , 1987 : 146; Huang, 1994 : 183; Xu & Huang, 2004 : 373. Material examined. 8♀ [ 5♀ on slides, 3♀ ethanol-preserved, NEFU ], CHINA , Liaoning Province , Dandong City , 16.X.2014 , Yan Gao , reared from Coccus sp. on an orange. One of the reviewers of this paper confirmed our identification through examining the holotype at USNM . Because the original description and also subsequent redescriptions of the species were quite simple and inadequate, here we provide a more detailed description and figures based on the material from Liaoning Province . Diagnosis. Body largely dark brown except mesoscutellum largely and third valvula yellow. Antenna with scape and pedicel darker than flagellomeres. Wings hyaline. Legs mostly yellow except pro- and mesocoxae mostly, metacoxa basally, and metafemur about distal three fourths dark brown except extreme distal apex. Head slightly wider than high. Antennae with scape 3.90̄4.27× as long as wide, pedicel shorter than F1, F1 slightly longer than both F2 and F3, F2 about as long as F3; clava slightly shorter than funicle. Mesoscutellum with 3 pairs of setae. Second valvifer 3.69̄3.83× as long as third valvula. Description. Female . Length 0.93 mm . Body mostly dark brown to black except mesoscutellum largely yellow (about anterior one fourth black). Antenna with scape and pedicel dark brown, flagellum brown. Wings hyaline. Legs ( Fig. 26 ) mostly yellow with the following parts dark brown: pro- and mesocoxae mostly except extreme tips, metacoxa about basal half, and metafemur about distal three fourths except extreme distal apex; fore leg with femur and tibia with more or less brownish suffusion. Third valvula yellow. Head ( Fig. 21 ), in frontal view, 0.88× as high as wide; frontovertex 0.55× the head width. Face with finely reticulate sculpture. Eyes densely setose, each seta shorter than diameter of a facet. Frontovertex and upper face with numerous brown setae ( Fig. 21 ). Ocellar triangle with apical angle obtuse. Torulus with upper margins above the level of lower eye margins, and separated from mouth margin by about 1.3× their own length. Mandible with two teeth and a dorsal truncation. Antenna ( Fig. 22 ) with scape 3.90̄4.27× as long as wide, 0.88̄0.92× as long as clava; pedicel 1.36̄1.55× as long as wide, and 0.64̄0.83× as long as F1; F1 longest funicular, 1.71̄1.90× as long as wide, 1.10̄1.21× as long as F2; F2 subequal to F 3 in length and width; clava 2.94̄3.33× as long as wide, and slightly shorter than funicle. Flagellomeres with the following number of longitudinal sensilla on one side: 3̄4, 3̄4, 5̄6, 5̄6, 3̄4, 2. FIGURES 21–27. Coccophagus japonicus , ♀: 21, head, frontal view; 22, antenna; 23, mesoscutum; 24, posterior half of mesosoma; 25, fore wing; 26, legs; 27, metasoma. Dorsum of mesosoma ( Figs 23, 24 ) finely reticulate, axillae with lineolate reticulate sculpture laterally. Mesoscutum with median area about 0.7× as long as wide, and densely setose; each lateral area of the mesoscutum with 3 short setae; mesoscutellum 0.75× as long as wide, and 0.9× length of median area of the mesoscutum, and with 3 pairs of setae; axilla with 2 long setae. Metanotum about as long as propodeum. Propodeum with a median sulcus. Fore wing ( Fig. 25 ) 2.37̄2.45× as long as wide; marginal setae short; costal cell shorter than marginal vein, with 6 setae on dorsal surface distally, and with a line of setae on ventral surface; submarginal vein with 7 setae; marginal vein with 14 setae along anterior margin; postmarginal vein distinctly shorter than stigmal vein, the latter with a short neck; stigma swollen posteriorly ( Fig. 25 ) and with sensilla arranged in a line. Hind wing 4.91̄5.17× as long as wide, marginal setae 0.25̄0.32× as long as wing width. Mesotibial spur 0.81̄0.86× corresponding basitarsus; metacoxa 1.50̄1.70× as long as its greatest width and 0.75̄0.85× as long as metafemur. Metasoma ( Fig. 27 ) about as long as mesosoma. Ovipositor originating from base of TIV, and as long as mesotibia Second valvifer 3.69̄3.83× as long as third valvula, the latter 0.54̄0.69× as long as mesobasitarsus. Male. Unknown. Hosts. Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock , C. japonicus Green , C. rubens Maskell , Coccus sp., C. hesperidum (Linnaeus) , C. pseudomagnoliarum (Kuwana) , Ericerus pela (Chavannes) , Pulvinaria aurantii Cockerell , P. citricola (Kuwana) , P. okitsuensis Kuwana , Saissetia oleae (Bernard) ( Hemiptera , Coccidae ); Phenacoccus pergandei Cockerell ( Hemiptera , Pseudococcidae ) ( Xu & Huang 2004 ; Noyes 2017 ). Distribution. China ( Liaoning [new record] , Beijing , Jiangsu , Shanghai , Zhejiang , Hunan , Sichuan , Fujian , Guangdong ), Japan , USA . Comments . Coccophagus japonicus is very similar to C. hawaiiensis Timberlake. The most reliable difference is the colour of the mesofemur (in C. japonicus , completely yellow; in C. hawaiiensis , more or less darkened), as noted by several authors ( Compere 1931 ; Liao et al. 1987 ; Huang 1994 ; Xu & Huang 2004 ). In addition to this important character, the examined Chinese specimens also exhibit the following differences that may be helpful to distinguish these two species: in C. japonicus , antenna with scape darker than flagellomeres, metanotum brownish, and postmarginal vein distinctly shorter than stigmal vein; whereas in C. hawaiiensis , antenna with scape paler than flagellum, metanotum yellow medially, and postmarginal vein almost as long as stigmal vein.