The alien synanthropic Salticidae in Brazil (Araneae) Author Pupin, Giovanni B. Author Brescovit, Antonio D. text Iheringia, Série Zoologia 2023 e 2023002 2023-04-07 113 1 16 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4766e2023002 journal article 10.1590/1678-4766e2023002 1678-4766 10659298 Menemerus bivittatus ( Dufour, 1831 ) ( Figs 7–12 ; 32) Salticus bivittatus DUFOUR, 1831:369 . Menemerus bivittatus : PECKHAM & PECKHAM, 1886:292 . (Check other synonyms in WORLD SPIDER CATALOG, 2022 ). Diagnosis. Menemerus bivittatus differs from the other synanthropic species for having a dorsoventrally flattened body and for the two marginal stripes that run along the entire length of the body ( Figs 7, 8 ). Males and females can be confused with Menemerus nigli , due to the dorsoventrally flattened body shape, however, males of M . bivittatus differ by not having a curvature of the embolus in the palp ( Figs 9, 10 ). Females of M . bivittatus differ in having an epigynum with a large anterior atrium, short median septum, and short copulation ducts ( Figs 11, 12 ). Records in the World. Menemerus bivittatus is an African species introduced by anthropic action in southern Europe, China , Taiwan , Japan , Australia , Pacific islands, and the Americas ( WORLD SPIDER CATALOG, 2022 ). Natural history. The species was popularly named “Saltique à deux raies” (Jumping-spider-two-stripes) ( DUFOUR, 1831 ), and is a synanthropic and cosmopolitan species ( WESOŁOWSKA, 1999 ; RICHARDSON, 2016 ). Records in Brazilian zoological collections (Fig. 32) indicate that the species occurs only in urban environments, with 83 records in buildings ( e . g . sheds, churches, and other commercial constructions, etc.), fourteen registered in walls, twelve in tree trunks, and seven in beehives ( Tab. I ). In their natural environment, they prefer tree trunks ( PENNEY & GABRIEL, 2009 ), feeding on flies, ants, and spiders ( MONDAL et al ., 2020 ), but have preference by preying on Meliponini (stingless bees) individuals ( PENNEY & GABRIEL, 2009 ). In Brazil , M. bivittatus was recorded preying on pupae of Camponotus crassu Mayr, 1862 (Carpenter ants) that were being transported by the ants ( HALFELD, 2015 ). Material examined. BRASIL , Acre : Rio Branco, Seringal Catuaba, BR-364, Km 20 ( 10°06’21”S ; 67°37’21”W ) , , II.1988 , E. H. Buckup col. ( MCN 17355 ) ; Amazonas : Manaus , Rio Solimões ( 02°59’44”S ; 60°04’44”W ) , 2♀ , 16–17.XII.1987 , M. A. L. Marques col. ( MCN 17303 ) ; Borba , Rio Mapiá ( 04°23’36”S ; 59°35’38”W ) , , 22.IV.1996 , Equipe IBSP/SMNK col. ( IBSP 15997 ) ; Humaitá ( 07°30’22”S ; 63°01’14,9”W ) , , 21.II.1978 , U. Caramaschi col. ( MZSP 63070 ) ; , 21.II.1978 , U.Caramaschi col.( MZSP 60799 ) ; Pará : Belém , Curió Utinga ( 01°26’28.7”S ; 48°24’46.2”W ) , 2♀ , 04.IV.2006 , L. S. Carvalho , col. ( MPEG 003927 ) ; 5♂ , 28.V.2006 , L. S. Carvalho , col. ( MPEG 003936 ) ; Bairro Terra Firme ( 01°25’37”S ; 48°27’23”W ) , 3♀ , 28.I.2009 ( MPEG 033366 ) ; , 11.III.2009 ( MPEG 033372 ) all collected by B.V.B. Rodrigues; Bairro Marco ( 01°25’35”S ; 48°27’48”W ) , , 27.II.2009 ( MPEG 033368 ) ; , 11.III.2009 ( MPEG 033369 ) ; , 12.III.2009 , ( MPEG 033371 ) ; , 12.III.2009 ( MPEG 033367 ) , all collected by B. V. B. Rodrigues; Bairro Sacramenta ( 01°25’25”S ; 48°27’54”W ) , , 27.II.2009 ( MPEG 033365 ) ; 2♀ , 10.III.2009 ( MPEG 033373 ) ; 2♀ , 11.III.2009 ( MPEG 033370 ) , all collected by B. V. B. Rodrigues; Uruará ( 03°43’14”S ; 53°44’13”W ) , , 2015, R. L. Caraíba col. ( IBSP 230897 ) ; Belterra , ( 03°14’52”S ; 55°00’59”W ) , , 2009–2010, L. Chagas col. ( IBSP 258435 ) ; , 2♀ , 1 juv. , 04–06.V.2014 , A. D. Brescovit col. ( IBSP 217301 ) ; , 17.VIII.2019 , A. D. Brescovit col. ( IBSP 242726 ) ; Piauí : Piripiri , Olho D’Água Jagata ( 04°16’32”S ; 42°12’13”W ) , , 19.IV.2014 , T. G. Pinheiro & E. S. Martins col. ( IBSP 220318 ) ; Rio Grande do Norte : Atol das Rocas ( 03°51’53”S ; 33°48’16”W ) , 4♂ , 3♀ , 01.IX.1996 , C. E. Almeida col. ( IBSP 26523 ) ; Natal ( 05°47’42”S ; 35°12’34”W ) , , XII.1990 , PETROBRÁS col. ( IBSP 4898 ) ; Paraíba : Bananeiras , ( 06°41’38”S ; 35°36’15”W ) , , no date, B. Pickel col. ( MNRJ 01008 ) ; Campina Grande ( 07°14’34”S ; 35°54’05”W ) , 1 juv. , no date, T. Leitão col. ( MNRJ 01013 ) ; Pernambuco : Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha ( 03°51’07”S ; 32°26’01”W ) , , 9–19.X.2005 ( IBSP 70345 ) ; 2♂ , 2♀ , 9–19.X.2005 ( IBSP 70343 ) ; , 17.IV.2006 ( IBSP 70347 ) ; 2♀ , 17.IV.2006 ( IBSP 70344 ) all collected by G. C. C. Freitas col.; 2♀ , 20.VI.2010 , V.Q.P. col. ( IBSP 220041 ) ; , 24.V.2010 , V. Q. P. col. ( IBSP 220045 ) ; Moreno , Bonança ( 08°06’41”S ; 35°11’52”W ) , , no date, B. Pickel col. ( MNRJ 01010 ) ; Custódia ( 08°08’51”S ; 37°42’09”W ) , , 2 juv. , no date, R. V. Ihering col. ( MNRJ 01161 ) ; Tocantins : Araguaína ( 07°12’39”S ; 48°13’02”W ) , , 20.IX.2014 , K. E. Castelo col. ( IBSP 237253 ) ; São João ( 07°11’40”S ; 48°11’51”W ) , , 10.II.2016 , K. S. Parcco col. ( IBSP 237276 ) ; Araguaína , Cimba ( 07°11’28”S ; 48°12’08”W ) , , 09.VII.2014 , S. Barros col. ( IBSP 237266 ) ; , 25.IX.2014 , C. Pereira col. ( IBSP 237238 ) ; Alagoas : Maceió ( 09°35’40”S ; 35°41’12”W ) , , , 01.III.2003 , D. Candiani & N. L. Hung col. ( IBSP 41066 ) ; Coruripe , ( 10°07’30”S ; 36°10’32”W ) , , 09.I.2010 , V. Q. P. col. ( IBSP 160872 ) ; Sergipe : São Cristóvão , Campus UFSE ( 10°55’35”S ; 07°06’09”W ) , juv., no date, Equipe UFSe col. ( IBSP 10387 ) ; Mato Grosso : Canarana , ( 13°11’33”S ; 52°14’27”W ) , , 16.XII.2000 10.I.2001 , C. Q. Falatti & R.A. K. Ribeiro col. ( IBSP 27107 ) ; Bahia : ”S; 38°21’54”W), , 25.II.2003 , L. Almeida col. ( IBSP 39896 ) ; Jequié ( 13°52’04”S ; 40°04’49”W ) , , 21–23.XI.2006 , A. D. Brescovit col. ( IBSP 70992 ) ; Goiás : Aragarças , Rio Araguaia ( 22°43’26”S ; 47°17’26”W ) , , 15–22.IX.1946 , H. Sick col. ( MZSP 1285 ) ; Minas Gerais : Marliéria , Parque Estadual do Rio Doce ( 19°42’58.62”S ; 42°44’1,69”W ) , , 2.IX.2003 , T. Rodrigues et al . col. ( UFMG 11453 ) ; Belo Horizonte ( 19°55’15”S ; 43°56’16”W ) , , , 1 juv. , 23.IX.1994 , M.O.Gonzaga col.( IBSP 26337 ) ; 26♂ , 30♀ 2 juv. , III–IV.1995 , A. J. Santos , M. O. Gonzaga & G. F. Dutra col. ( IBSP 26705 ) ; 7♂ 7♀ , III–IV.1995 , A. J. Santos , M. O. Gonzaga & G. F. Dutra col.( IBSP 37484 ) ; Bairro Coração Eucarístico , Campus da PUCMG ( 19°55’15.39”S ; 43°59’33.12”W ) , , 8.III.2004 , D. P.Araújo col. ( UFMG 1568 ) ; Caxambu ( 21°59’32”S ; 44°57’11”W ) , 1 juv. , no date, C. F. de MelloLeitão col. ( MNRJ 01166 ) ; Inconfidentes ( 22°18’47”S ; 46°19’50”W ) , , , IV– IX.2014 , M.M. Souza col.,( UFMG 17458 ) ; Mato Grosso do Sul : Paranaíba ( 19°40’38”S ; 51°11’27”W ) , ,1983, R.R. Silva col.( IBSP 6776 ) ; Corumbá , Passo da Lontra , Base de Estudos UFMS, Pantanal ( 19°34’36”S ; 57°01’09”W ) , , 22.V.1993 , J. Raizer col. ( IBSP 20546 ) ; Brasilândia , Usina Hidrelétrica Engenheiro Sérgio Motta ( 21°15’47”S ; 52°02’19”W ) , , 2000, D. F. Candiani & C. A. R. Souza col. ( IBSP 35245 ) ; Ivinhema , ( 22°18’07”S ; 53°49’40”W ) , , 2011–2012, D.Araújo col.( IBSP 168255 ) ; , 4♀ , 2012, D. Araújo col. ( IBSP 168298 ) ; Bela Vista , ( 22°06’32”S ; 56°31’16”W ) , , 13.II.1995 , R. S. Bernilz col. ( IBSP 6267 ) ; Santa Rita do Pardo , Usina Hidrelétrica de Engenheiro Sérgio Motta ( 21°18’08”S ; 52°49’40”W ) , 10♂ , 4♀ , 09–10.V.2001 , R.P. Indicatti & J. Império col. ( IBSP 53308 ) ; Espírito Santo : Colatina , ( 19°31’00”S ; 40°39’08”W ) , , 19.I.2015 , T. Pessoa col. ( IBSP 210086 ) ; São Mateus , Reserva Florestal da Companhia Vale do Rio Doce ( 19°09’04”S ; 40°04’36”W ) , , 05– 12.I.1998 , A. D. Brescovit et al . col. ( IBSP16902 ) ; Ilha da Trindade ( 20°31’29”S ; 29°19’29”W ) , 5♂ 6♀ , XII.1965 , J. Becker col. ( MNRJ 02923 ) ; , 04.V.2010 , R. J.Alves col. ( IBSP 250264 ) ; 2♀ , 04.V.2010 , R. J. Alves col. ( IBSP 250268 ) ; Rio de Janeiro : Rio de Janeiro , Museu Nacional ( 22°54’20”S ; 43°13’35”W ) , , 22.XI.1961 , H. Cunha col.( MNRJ 02807 ) ; Campus UFRJ, Prédio Centro de Ciências da Saúde ( 22°50’31”S ; 43°14’04”W ) , , 23.IX.2010 , A. M. Giroti col.( IBSP 167304 ) ; São Paulo : São José do Rio Preto ( 20°47’41”S ; 49°21’33”W ) , , 11.XI.2001 , G. R. S. Ruiz col. ( MZSP 72756 ) ; , XII.2001 , G. R.S. Ruiz col. ( MZSP 72755 ) ; Águas da Prata ( 21°56’12”S ; 46°43’00”W ) , , 10–15.I.1999 , V.C.Onófrio col. ( IBSP 20787 ) ; , 13–19.II.1999 , V. C. Onófrio col. ( IBSP 22014 ) ; Tupã , ( 21°57’27”S ; 46°54’09”W ) , 2♂ 3♀ , I.2002 , G. R. S. Ruiz col. ( MZSP 72754 ) ; Arco-Íris ( 21°46’10”S ; 50°25’22”W ) , , 10.XI.2002 , G. R. S. Ruiz col. ( MZSP 72753 ) ; Presidente Epitácio ( 21°46’29”S ; 52°06’45”W ) , 4♂ , , 20–25.III.2001 , J. P. Guadanucci & R. Bertani col. ( IBSP 53233 ) ; Águas de Lindóia ( 22°28’35”S ; 46°43’00”W ) , , 23– 25.I.1999 , M. P. Castro col. ( IBSP 20646 ) ; Monte Alegre do Sul , Fazenda Santa Maria ( 22°41’07”S ; 46°40’51”W ) , , 27–31.XII.1942 , B. A. M. Soares col. ( MZSP 14446 ) ; Americana ( 22°43’26”S ; 47°17’26”W ) , , 03.VII.1944 , R. Eller col. ( MZSP 5478 ) ; ‘ 1♂ , 03.VII.1944 , R. Eller col. ( MZSP 5480 ) ; Botucatu , Fazenda Lageado ( 22°50’17”S ; 48°32’44”W ) , , 08.VI.2003 , E. F. Santos & C. R. S. Santos col.( IBSP 39666 ) ; Paraguaçu Paulista ( 22°24’46”S ; 50°34’33”W ) , , III.1995 , B. S. A. Mourad col. ( IBSP 6070 ) ; Primavera ( 22°31’41”S ; 52°56’53”W ) , ( IBSP 53061 ) ; ( IBSP 53110 ) ; ( IBSP 53144 ) all collected on 2001 by Equipe IBSP col.; 12♂ , 9♀ , II.2001 , D. F. Candiani & R. P. Indicatti col. ( IBSP 53431 ) ; Carapicuiba ( 23°31’21”S ; 46°50’08”W ) , , , 20.III.1996 , L. C. Silva col. ( IBSP 14373 ) ; Embu das Artes ( 23°38’56”S ; 46°51’08”W ) , , 23.X.1990 , R. Eimerly col. ( IBSP 11728 ) ; Francisco Morato ( 23°16’54”S ; 46°44’43”W ) , , 11.VII.1977 , B. R. Reis col. ( IBSP 19868 ) ; Pirituba ( 23°28’44”S ; 46°44’30”W ) , , , 05.VII.2012 , P. Fecchio col. ( IBSP 211717 ) ; Santana de Parnaíba ( 23°26’39”S ; 46°55’04”W ) , , 21.I.1978 , F. Santos col. ( IBSP 19707 ) ; São Bernardo do Campo ( 23°41’38”S ; 46°33’54”W ) , , 27.III1989 , E.G. Castro col. ( IBSP 20288 ) ; , 06.I.2010 , V. Q. P. col. ( IBSP 160867 ) ; , 09.I.2010 , V. Q. P. col. ( IBSP 160880 ) ; , 13.I.2010 , V. Q. P. col. ( IBSP 160874 ) ; , 13.I.2010 , V. Q. P. col. ( IBSP 160877 ) ; , 18.I.2010 , V. Q. P. col. ( IBSP 160879 ) ; , 25.I.2010 , V. Q. P. col. ( IBSP 160875 ) ; , 25.I.2010 , V. Q. P. col. ( IBSP 160886 ) ; São Paulo ( 23°32’51”S ; 46°38’10”W ) , , M. L. Pereira col., 1941 ( MZSP 9246 ) ; , 16.XII.1997 , A. D. Brescovit col. ( IBSP 15358 ) ; 1juv. , 1999, A. D. Brescovit col. ( IBSP 27887 ) ; , 06.IV.1999 , F. S. Cunha col. ( IBSP 34230 ) ; , 06.IV.1999 , D. F. Candiani col. ( IBSP 34231 ) ; , no date, D. F.Candiani col. ( IBSP 35795 ) ; Bairro Butantã ( 23°33’50”S ; 46°43’31”W ) , , 17.XII.1999 , D. F. Candiani col. ( IBSP 34197 ) ; 2♀ , 02.V.2000 , F. S. Cunha col. ( IBSP 34199 ) ; , 04.V.2000 , F. S. Cunha col. ( IBSP 34201 ) ; , 16.XI.2000 , J. Império col. ( IBSP 34204 ) ; , 21.XI.2000 , J. Império col. ( IBSP 34202 ) ; 2♂ 2♀ , 23.XI.2000 , J. Império col. ( IBSP 34203 ) ; , 14.II.2001 , R. P. Indicatti col. ( IBSP 34198 ) ; , , 14.II.2001 , M. S. Sebastião col.( IBSP34200 ) ; Vila São Francisco ( 23°33’50”S ; 46°43’31”W ) , , 16.XII.1999 , F. S. Cunha col.( IBSP 34234 ) ; Campus USP ( 23°33’41”S ; 46°43’50”W ) , , 16.XII.1999 , F.S.Cunha col.( IBSP 34209 ) ; , 24.X.2000 , F. S. Cunha col. ( IBSP 34211 ) ; , 24.X.2000 , F. S. Cunha col. ( IBSP 34212 ) ; , 20.XII.1999 , R. P. Indicatti col. ( IBSP 34213 ) ; 2♀ , 20.I.2000 , D. F. Candiani col. ( IBSP 34215 ) ; , 21.I.2000 , D. F. Candiani col. ( IBSP 34214 ) ; , 06.XII.2001 , M.S. Sebastião col. ( IBSP 34210 ) ; 3♂ , 20.V.2003 , C. D. Barron col.( IBSP 131542 ) ; ( IBSP 239786 ) ; , juv.( IBSP 239830 ) ; ( IBSP 239836 ) ; ( IBSP 239838 ) ; ( IBSP 239843 ) all collected on XI.2013 by S. D. Hilário col.; Campus USP, Reserva Florestal da CUASO ( 23°33’49”S 46°43’15”W ) , , 04.VIII.1999 , D. F. Candiani col. ( IBSP 34228 ) ; Bairro Caxingui ( 23°34’56”S ; 46°43’08”W ) , 2♀ , 14.VI.1999 , M. S. Sebastião col. ( IBSP 34232 ) ; , 14.VI.1999 , M. S. Sebastião col.( IBSP 34233 ) ; , 16.VI.1999 , F. S. Cunha col. ( IBSP 33438 ) ; Campus Instituto Butantan ( 23°34’03”S ; 46°43’07”W ) , , 20.II.1997 , A. D. Brescovit col. ( IBSP 13946 ) ; , 10.XI.2000 , A. D. Brescovit col. ( IBSP 26837 ) ; , 21.XII.1998 , F. S. Cunha col. ( IBSP 20866 ) ; , 25.XII.2002 , F. S. Cunha col. ( IBSP 37322 ) ; Jardim Bonfiglioli ( 23°34’50”S ; 46°44’15”W ) , , , 20.VII.1999 , D. F. Candiani col. ( IBSP 34208 ) ; , 21.VII.1999 , D. F. Candiani col. ( IBSP 34205 ) ; , 21.VII.1999 , D. F. Candiani col. ( IBSP 34206 ) ; , 21.VII.1999 , R. P. Indicatti col. ( IBSP 34207 ) ; Jardim Rizzo ( 23°34’45”S ; 46°43’51”W ) , , 09.XI.1998 , A. D. Brescovit col. ( IBSP 20648 ) ; , 4♀ , 3 juv. , 09.XI.1998 , A. D. Brescovit col. ( IBSP 20683 ) ; , 09.XI.1998 , M. P. Castro col. ( IBSP 20658 ) ; , 02.II.1999 , M. P. Castro col. ( IBSP 21408 ) ; , , 02.II.1999 , H. F. Japyassu col. ( IBSP 21422 ) ; , 02.II.1999 , M. P. Castro & F. S. Cunha col. ( IBSP 28782 ) ; , 14.IV.2000 , F. S. Cunha col.( IBSP 34225 ) ; , 14.IV.2000 , J. Império col. ( IBSP 34226 ) ; , 15.IV.2000 , J. Império col.( IBSP 34227 ) ; Vila Pirajussara ( 23°34’19”S ; 46°42’58”W ) , , 20.I.2000 , D.F.Candiani col.( IBSP 34216 ) ; , 20.I.2000 , F. S. Cunha col. ( IBSP 34217 ) ; ( IBSP 34222 ) ; ( IBSP 34223 ) ; , 2♀ ( IBSP 34224 ) all collected on 01.VIII.2000 by F.S. Cunha; , 01.VIII.2000 , J. Império col.( IBSP 34221 ) ; , 26.X.2000 , J. Império col. ( IBSP 34218 ) ; , 26.X.2000 , M. S. Sebastião col. ( IBSP 34219 ) ; Ipiranga ( 23°35’03”S ; 46°36’07”W ) , , 15.V.1945 , T. Meissner col. ( MZSP 5479 ) ; Jardim Caravelas ( 23°38’20”S ; 46°42’59”W ) , , XII.2006 , C. G. Peixoto col. ( IBSP 72051 ) ; Instituto de Previdência , Parque da Previdência ( 23°34’47”S ; 46°43’36”W ) , , 15.V.2001 , R. P. Indicatti col. ( IBSP 39678 ) ; , 20. IV.2001 , R. P. Indicatti col. ( IBSP 39677 ) ; , 20.IV.2001 , R. P. Indicatti col. ( IBSP 39683 ) ; Suzano , SABESP ( 23°33’03”S ; 46°18’58”W ) , , 08.III.2005 , D. Polotow col. ( IBSP 51608 ) ; Promissão , Rodovia BR-153, Km 39 ( 23°17’22”S ; 50°03’39”W ) , , , VI–VII.2001 , no collector ( IBSP 28432 ) ; Guarulhos ( 23°26’39”S ; 46°27’55”W ) , , 12.XII.1941 , F. S. Pereira col. ( MZSP 10764 ) ; Itatinga , Lobo ( 22°58’00.0”S ; 48°44’50.0”W ) , , 09.I.1982 , Soares col. ( MZSP 60801 ) ; Botucatu , Jardim Botânico , UNESP ( 22°53’08.0”S ; 48°26’42.0”W ) , , 1.IX.1982 , Soares col.( MZSP 63068 ) ; Presidente Epitácio , Usina Hidrelétrica Engenheiro Sérgio Motta , Ilha da Lagoa do Machado ( 21°39’36”S ; 52°01’24”W ) , , 30.III.2001 , R. P. Indicatti & C. A. R. Souza col. ( IBSP 38391 ) ; Paraná : Morretes , Parque Estadual Pico do Marumbi ( 25°26’43”S ; 48°54’58”W ) , , 28. IV–25.VIII.1996 , J.A. Caetano col. ( IBSP 7330 ) ; , 28.IV–25.VIII.1996 , J.A. Caetano col. ( IBSP 7331 ) ; Santa Catarina : Blumenau ( 26°55’10”S ; 49°03’58”W ) , 2♀ , 08–10.IX.1966 , H. Riehm col. ( IBSP 8238 ) ; , XI.1924 , H. Luederwaldt col. ( MZSP 9245 ) ; Rio Grande do Sul : Santa Maria , ( 29°46’39”S ; 53°49’28”W ) , , 6♀ , 09.V.1973 , no collector ( MCN 1676 ) ; 2♂ , 2♀ , I–VI.1982 , no collector ( MCN 12012 ) ; Porto Alegre ( 30°06’31”S ; 51°10’37”W ) , , 19.V.1973 , no col. ( MCN 3580 ) ; , 24.II.1989 , M. A. L. Marques col. ( MCN 18414 ) ; Vila Cruzeiro ( 30°03’12”S ; 51°10’08”W ) , , 12.IX.1986 , M. A. L. Marques col. ( MCN 16696 ) ; , 15.IX.1986 , M. A. L. Marques col. ( MCN 16695 ) ; Viamão ( 30°05’51”S ; 51°00’54”W ) , 2♂ , 2♀ , 15.III.1987 , M.A.L. Marques col. ( MCN 16765 ) ; Pelotas ( 31°34’05”S ; 52°17’09”W ) , , 12.I.2002 , E. H. Buckup col. ( MCN 34367 ) ; , 05.V.2002 , E. H. Buckup col. ( MCN 34369 ) ; 2♂ , 06.V.2002 , E. H. Buckup col. ( MCN 34368 ) .