The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of Bolivia including the descriptions of fifteen new species, the resurrection of one genus and two species, seven new combinations, six new synonymies, and twenty-eight new records Author Sanborn, Allen F. text Zootaxa 2019 2019-08-12 4655 1 1 104 journal article 26048 10.11646/zootaxa.4655.1.1 dd972471-fb89-4202-b474-8e88a7f8f1c4 1175-5326 3365845 3B65A3A8-2D1E-4031-8BD4-5A1A327C4ADE Parnisa santacruzensis n. sp. ( Fig. 7 ) TYPE MATERIAL. “ BOLIVIA : Santa Cruz , 3.7 km / SSE Buena Vista , Hotel Flora / & Fauna , 430 m ; 5–15–XI–2001 / coll. M.C. Thomas & B. Dozier / tropical transition forest, BLT” male (FSCA). Paratypes . Same data as holotype, one female ( AFSC ); “ BOLIVIA : Santa Cruz / 3.7 km SSE Buena Vista / Hotel Flora & Fauna / 17º 29.949’ S , 63º 33.152’ W // 406 m elev., blacklight trap /Tropical transition forest, 5–15–XI–2001 / M.C. Thomas & B.K. Dozier ” one female (FSCA). REMARKS. This is a small species. The distinct postcostal area of the fore wing and the 5 apical cells of the hind wings quickly distinguish it. ETYMOLOGY. The name is a combination of santacruz– for the Bolivian Department of origin of the type series and –ensis (L. suffix denoting place). DESCRIPTION. Ground color testaceous marked with castaneous and piceous. The holotype male is almost unmarked, the female paratypes have significantly greater markings. Head. Head wider than mesonotum, ground color with castaneous mark curving from anterolateral vertex through lateral ocellus to posterior cranial depression, mark incomplete in holotype anterolateral to lateral ocellus, piceous within frons, reduced to marking around median ocellus in holotype , supra-antennal plate ground color. Ocelli rosaceous, red in paratypes , eyes testaceous, dark castaneous in paratypes . Head covered with short silvery pile in one paratype . Postclypeus smoothly rounded anteriorly at apex, centrally sulcate, extending from anterior to ventroposterior margin around apex to anterodorsal surface, with ten transverse grooves, short silvery pile laterally and within transverse grooves. Postclypeus ground color, paratypes with longitudinal castaneous marks on either side of central sulcus and on dorsal surface. Anteclypeus ground color, paratypes with castaneous mark on anterior and posterior carina extending onto margins, covered with short silvery pile. Rostrum ground color with piceous tip reaching to hind coxae. Gena ground color, lorum ground color with castaneous ventromedial spot in paratypes , covered with short silvery pile. Scape, proximal pedicel, distal pedicel and proximal first flagellar segment ground color, remaining antennal segments piceous. Thorax. Thorax ground color, markings in holotype darkened areas, paratype markings piceous or castaneous. Pronotum with anteromedial disc piceous, mark connects to J-shaped mark extending lateral across disc into posterior half of paramedian fissure, piceous on disc anteriorly between anterior paramedian and lateral fissures, curved piceous mark on lateral disc, marking on disc between anterior half of paramedian and lateral fissures in one paratype , piceous reduced and castaneous in one paratype . Lateral part of pronotal collar absent. Pronotal collar ground color with transverse castaneous fascia on either side of midline tapering to a point laterally. Pronotum covered with short silvery pile. Mesonotum ground color with U-shaped castaneous mark extending from anterior submedian sigilla to anterior to anterior arm of cruciform elevation to anterior lateral sigillae. Silvery pile laterally and between anterior arms of cruciform elevation. Cruciform elevation with piceous or castaneous mark posterior to anterior arms and on lateral margin on paratypes . Metanotum ground color. Ventral thoracic plates ground color, covered with short silvery pile. Wings. Fore wings and hind wings hyaline, with eight and five apical cells respectively. Venation ground color, becoming darker distally in apical cells, except darker, piceous in paratypes , anal vein 2 + 3, pterostigma present. Basal cell hyaline. Basal membrane grayish. Hind wing venation ground color becoming castaneous distally. Basal half of anal cell 3 gray, anal cell 2 along anal vein 3 to curve, anal cell 3 along proximal half of anal vein 3 margined with gray. Legs. Ground color, anterior fore coxae, anterior fore trochanters and proximal anterior femora marked with castaneous, pretarsal claws ground color at base with piceous tips, distal pretarsus castaneous in paratypes , long golden pile radiating from legs. Fore femora with proximal spine longest and most oblique, secondary spine only slightly angled with curved tip, slightly longer than tertiary spine, tertiary spine angled less than primary spine, shorter than secondary spine in length with greater curving tip, and curving apical spine about half the size of tertiary spine. Spines castaneous with piceous tips. Tibial spurs and comb castaneous with piceous tips. Operculum. Male operculum ground color not covering tympanal cavity or reaching anterior margin of sternite II, smoothly curving mediad to level of medial meracanthus, medial margin rounded. Meracanthus ground color with castaneous lateral margin, curved mediad, not reaching anterior margin of medial operculum. Operculum with short silvery pile, radiating long golden pile from margin. Female operculum ground color angled lateral margin forming oblique angle to rounded posterior margin, pointed medioposterior angle, extending posteriorly to anterior of sternite II and medially to lateral meracanthus. Meracanthus ground color with castaneous lateral margin and apex, curved mediad, extending beyond posterior operculum to posterior of sternite II. Abdomen. Male abdomen tergites ground color, female tergites 1–8 with castaneous marks on either side of midline with dorsal distance between them decreasing in posterior tergites, fusing anteriorly in tergites 4–8, tergites covered with silvery pile, long pile on lateral surfaces. Timbal cover absent, timbal transparent with six long ribs. Sternites and epipleurites ground color, female sternites 2–6 with transverse castaneous midline, male sternite VII with transverse posterior margin, male sternite VIII with arched notch posteriorly, sternites radiating long golden pile, white pubescence laterally in one paratype . Female sternite VII with wide arching notch extending to curved posterolateral margin. Female abdominal segment 9 ground color with castaneous fasciae on dorsolateral surface, castaneous spot in stigma of one paratype , radiating long golden pile. Dorsal beak extending beyond castaneous anal styles. Posterior margin of abdominal segment 9 sinuate. Genitalia. Pygofer ground color, dorsal beak inflated, triangular radiating golden pile. Upper pygofer lobe inflated, medial base meeting over claspers, extending as finger-like extension that extends laterad and curves mediad to meet along midline, with curved terminus radiating short golden pile. Pygofer basal lobe extended fusing to lateral upper pygofer lobe, radiating golden pile medially. Uncus lobes absent, anal styles ground color radiating golden pile. Claspers thin, castaneous, curved laterad. Aedeagus light castaneous with two elongated pseudoparameres and ochraceous terminal membrane. Female gonocoxite IX ground color. Gonapophysis IX castaneous with piceous tip. Gonapophysis VII and X dark ground color. Ovipositor sheath extends well beyond dorsal beak. Long golden pile radiating from ovipositor sheath, ovipositor sheath covered with short golden pile. MEASUREMENTS (MM). N = 1 male or 2 females , mean (range). Length of body: male 10.6, females 11.98 (11.6– 12.35); length of fore wing: male 14.35, females 14.25 (13.8–14.7); width of fore wing: male 5.05, females 5.20 (5.0–5.4); length of head: male 1.7, females 1.90 (1.9–1.9); width of head including eyes: male 3.4, females 3.45 (3.3–3.6); width of pronotum including suprahumeral plates: male 3.6, females 3.65 (3.6–3.7); width of mesonotum: male 3.1, females 3.15 (3.1–3.2). DIAGNOSIS . Parnisa santacruzensis sp. n. can be separated from P. demittens ( Walker, 1858c ) and P. proponens ( Walker, 1858c ) by its smaller size (these species have body lengths greater than 15 mm ). Parnisa lineaviridia Sanborn & Heath, 2014 has more extensive thoracic markings, slightly longer body (male 11.1–12.5 mm , female 14.4 mm ), and shorter (male 11.6–13.6 mm , female 14.0 mm) and narrower (male 4.5–5.3 mm , female 4.9 mm ) fore wings ( Sanborn & Heath 2014 ). The body markings and general body coloration differentiate the species from the unicolorous green P. viridis Sanborn & Heath, 2014 and the castaneous with transverse piceous abdominal markings in P. moneta ( Germar, 1830 ) . Parnisa designata ( Walker, 1858c ) is castaneous with a red venter. Parnisa haemorrhagica Jacobi, 1904 is green with an orangish-reddish abdominal venter. Parnisa angularis Uhler, 1903 has a ridged abdomen and brown-banded tergites, and P. protracta Uhler, 1903 has a red abdomen. The new species is most similar in general appearance to P. fraudulenta ( Stål, 1862 ) but the longitudinal abdominal markings are wider, separated by a greater distance so are more dorsolateral than on either side of the midline, and the marks extend posteriorly to the posterior abdomen and found in P. fraudulenta ( Stål, 1862 ) . FIGURE 7. Parnisa santacruzensis n. sp. : A, holotype male and paratype female habitus; B, holotype male dorsum; C, paratype male timbal; D, paratype male operculum; E, paratype female operculum; F, holotype male lateral view of genitalia; G, holotype male posterior view of genitalia; H, paratype female lateral view of genitalia; I, paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale bar: A, 2 cm; B, 2 mm; C–I, 1 mm. DISTRIBUTION. The species is known only from the type series collected near Buena Vista, Bolivia .