<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-207-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="29CD4EF8FB525DBAA022DF25CDB649C9" ModsDocID="1314-2003-207-1" checkinTime="1663699675791" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Couvreur, Thomas L. P., Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J., Crozier, Francoise, Ghogue, Jean-Paul, Hoekstra, Paul H., Kamdem, Narcisse G., Johnson, David M., Murray, Nancy A. &amp; Sonke, Bonaventure" docDate="2022" docId="49B73FDCFDA20879292ED9A1836C4E24" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 207: 1-532" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 207" docPubDate="2022-09-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432" docTitle="Xylopia L., Systema Naturae ed. 10, 2: 1250 1759" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="29CD4EF8FB525DBAA022DF25CDB649C9" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="29CD4EF8FB525DBAA022DF25CDB649C9" masterDocTitle="Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45" masterLastPageNumber="532" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1663699675791" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Couvreur, Thomas L. P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8509-6587</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>IRD, DIADE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France &amp; Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon &amp; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Botany Section, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">thomas.couvreur@ird.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3270-1544</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>IRD, DIADE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Crozier, Francoise</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>IRD, DIADE, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Ghogue, Jean-Paul</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon &amp; Green Connexion, Environmental Group, siege face GP Melen, a cote de l'immeuble Palais des verres. Yaounde, Cameroun</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hoekstra, Paul H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Botany Section, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Kamdem, Narcisse G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Johnson, David M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2896-7419</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Murray, Nancy A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany-Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, 43015, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sonke, Bonaventure</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:49B73FDCFDA20879292ED9A1836C4E24" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/49B73FDCFDA20879292ED9A1836C4E24" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authority="L., Systema Naturae ed. 10, 2: 1250, 1759" authorityName="L., Systema Naturae ed. 10, 2: 1250" authorityYear="1759" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Xylopia L., Systema Naturae ed. 10, 2: 1250, 1759</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopicrum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopicrum" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">= Xylopicrum</taxonomicName>
P. Browne; Hist. Jamaic. 250-251 + t. 5, fig. 2, 1756; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Adanson" authorityYear="1763" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopicron" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopicron" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Xylopicron</taxonomicName>
, orth. mut., Adanson; Fam. 2: 365, 1763; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Unona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Unona" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Unona</taxonomicName>
Linnaeus f., Suppl. pl. 270. Apr 1782; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Bulliarda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bulliarda" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Bulliarda</taxonomicName>
Necker, Elem. bot. 2: 321. 1790, nom. superfl., non Candolle, 1801; Krockeria Necker, Elem. bot. 2: 317-318. 1790; Coelocline A. de Candolle, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mém">Mem</normalizedToken>
. Soc. Phys. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Genève">Geneve</normalizedToken>
5: 208-209. 1832; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Habzelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Habzelia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Habzelia</taxonomicName>
Hook. f. &amp; Thomson, Fl. Ind. 123. 1855, non A. DC.; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Parartabotrys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Parartabotrys" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Parartabotrys</taxonomicName>
Miq., Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 3: 374. 1861 [
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘1860’">'1860'</normalizedToken>
]; 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="Pseudanona" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudanona" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">Pseudanona</taxonomicName>
(Baillon) Safford, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 3: 17. 1913, as &quot; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Pseudannona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudannona" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pseudannona</taxonomicName>
.&quot;
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Trees or shrubs, 2-50 m tall, d.b.h. up to 90 cm; stilt roots or buttresses absent or present. Indumentum of simple hairs. Leaves: petiole 1-12 mm long, 1-2 mm wide; blade 3.6-21.3 cm long, 1.2-8.4 cm wide, lanceolate, ovate, elliptic, obovate, oblong, or oblanceolate, apex acuminate or acute or obtuse or cuspidate, acumen 0.2-2.1 cm long, base rounded, cordate, cuneate, obtuse, or truncate; midrib sunken or flat above, rarely slightly raised; secondary veins 7 to 20 pairs; tertiary venation reticulate. Inflorescences axillary, plants ramiflorous on young foliate or older leafless branches, rarely cauliflorous, 1-32-flowered; pedicel 1-12 mm long; in fruit 1-30 mm long; bracts 1-6, basal or inserted along the pedicel. Flowers bisexual with 9 perianth parts in 3 whorls; sepals 3, valvate, free or basally fused, 1-7 mm long, apex acute or acuminate or rounded or apiculate, base truncate; petals free, outer petals longer than inner; outer petals 3, 5.8-64 mm long, 1.2-6 mm wide, linear, lanceolate, ligulate-lanceolate, or ovate, apex acute, rounded, or obtuse, base broad and concave; inner petals 3, valvate, 3.5-48 mm long, 1-5.4 mm wide, linear, ovate, oblong, rhombic, or lanceolate, apex acute, obtuse, or acuminate, base broad and concave,; stamens 40-300, 1-2 mm long, oblong or clavate; connective apex capitate, shieldlike, or conical, filaments connate at base to form a cone surrounding the carpels, or staminal cone absent; staminodes present, in one outer and one inner whorl, the inner whorl absent in 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. aurantiiodora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="aurantiiodora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. aurantiiodora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. mildbraedii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mildbraedii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. mildbraedii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. quintasii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="quintasii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. quintasii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; carpels free, 3 to 50, 1-3 mm long, stigma filiform, cylindrical, oblong, linear-falcate or ellipsoid. Monocarps dehiscent, stipitate, subsessile, or sessile; monocarps 1 to 36, 19-98 mm long, 6-40 mm wide, narrowly oblong to oblong, sometimes falciform, torulose, or moniliform, apex acute, rounded or mucronate; seeds 5-22 mm long, 3-17 mm wide, ellipsoid to oblong, somewhat flattened, seed coat with a fleshy outer layer (sarcotesta) and hard inner layer, or sarcotesta absent; aril absent or present.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia muricata" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="muricata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia muricata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" genus="L." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L." order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">L.</taxonomicName>
(a West Indian species).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
A genus of nearly 200 species trees and shrubs, the genus with a pantropical distribution. In Cameroon there are 22 species, comprising over 13% of the 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Annonaceae</taxonomicName>
flora for the country, but no species is endemic to the country. The dehiscent monocarps of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="L., Systema Naturae ed. 10, 2: 1250" authorityYear="1759" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are unique among the 
<taxonomicName authorityName="L., Systema Naturae ed. 10, 2: 1250" authorityYear="1759" family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="family">Annonaceae</taxonomicName>
genera found in Cameroon.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia flamignii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flamignii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia flamignii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boutique was reported for Cameroon by 
<bibRefCitation author="Onana, JM" journalOrPublisher="Herbier National du Cameroun, Yaounde, Cameroon" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B195" refString="Onana, JM, 2013. Synopsis des especes vegetales vasculaires endemiques et rares du Cameroun - Check Liste pour la gestion durable et la conservation de la biodiversite. Flore du Cameroun 40. Herbier National du Cameroun, Yaounde, Cameroon" title="Synopsis des especes vegetales vasculaires endemiques et rares du Cameroun - Check Liste pour la gestion durable et la conservation de la biodiversite. Flore du Cameroun 40." year="2013">Onana (2013)</bibRefCitation>
, but the voucher specimen (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Harris 3680B</emphasis>
) has been re-identified as 
<taxonomicName family="Annonaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="X. cupularis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cupularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">X. cupularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Xylopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xylopia flamignii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flamignii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xylopia flamignii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reaches its northern limit in southeastern Gabon and central Republic of the Congo (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" author="Johnson, DM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 252" refId="B163" refString="Johnson, DM, Murray, NA, 2018. A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa. PhytoKeys 97: 1 - 252, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" title="A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" volume="97" year="2018">Johnson and Murray 2018</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="taxonomy">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Taxonomy.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" author="Johnson, DM" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 252" refId="B163" refString="Johnson, DM, Murray, NA, 2018. A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa. PhytoKeys 97: 1 - 252, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" title="A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975" volume="97" year="2018">Johnson and Murray (2018)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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