Erythrina L. (Phaseoleae, Papilionoideae, Leguminosae) of Brazil: an updated nomenclatural treatment with notes on etymology and vernacular names Author Guedes-Oliveira, Ramon https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8122-0782 Programa de Pos-graduacao em Botanica, Escola Nacional de Botanica Tropical (ENBT), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ), 22460 - 036, Horto, Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil guedesoliveira.ramon@gmail.com Author Fortuna-Perez, Ana Paula https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4977-4341 Departamento de Biodiversidade e Bioestatistica, Instituto de Biociencias de Botucatu, (IBB), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18618 - 970, Botucatu, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil Author Pederneiras, Leandro Cardoso https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1822-227X Diretoria de Pesquisas (Dipeq), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ), 22460 - 030, Jardim Botanico, Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Author Mansano, Vidal de Freitas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7204-0744 Diretoria de Pesquisas (Dipeq), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ), 22460 - 030, Jardim Botanico, Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil text PhytoKeys 2023 2023-09-04 232 1 43 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.232.101105 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.232.101105 1314-2003-232-1 0697532AFBEF501390E1C54FC5534BAF 10. Erythrina velutina Willd., Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 3: 426. 1801. Fig. 10 ≡ Chirocalyx velutinus (Willd.) Walp., Flora 36: 148. 1853. ≡ Corallodendron velutinum (Willd.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 173. 1891. = Erythrina aculeatissima Desf., Tabl. Ecole Bot. 1: 191. 1804, nom. nud. Type: France. Ile-de-France : "dans le jardin et dans les serres du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle", ex hort., s.d., s.leg., s.n. (lectotype, designated by Krukoff and Barneby 1974 , pg. 437: P [P02960024]). (1) = Erythrina splendida Diels, Beitr. Veg. Ecuador: 96. 1937. Type: Ecuador. Guayas: Road from Guayaquil to Salinas, km. 89-90 from Guayaquil, just east of village of Buenos Aires. Alt. 35 m. Dry thorn scrub, 17 July 1986, Plowman 14314 (neotype, designated here: F [V0448423F]). (2) = Erythrina velutina f. aurantiaca (Ridl.) Krukoff, Brittonia 3: 329. 1938. Type: Brazil. Pernambuco: Main island, scattered bushes near the village and in the Sapate. One full-grown tree in the cocoa-nut plantation at Sueste, [1887?], Ridley 35 (holotype: K [K000206207]; isolectotypes: BM [BM000931431], NY [NY00007988, frag. slide]). (3) ≡ Erythrina aurantiaca Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 27: 30. 1890. Type material. Venezuela. Distrito Capital : Caracas, s.d., Humboldt 653 (lectotype [not holotype], designated by Martins and Tozzi 2018 , pg. 400: B [BW13100010, sheet I; BW13100020, sheet II; BW13100030, sheet III]; isolectotype: P [P00660125]). Notes. Willdenow (1801) published E. velutina with a complete description of a specimen from Venezuela, but without mentioning any type specimen. Martins and Tozzi (2018) then designated, from the Willdenow's type specimens in herbarium B, a collection from Humboldt composed of three sheets as the type of this name. However, as the authors mistakenly stated it as a holotype, the typification is corrected here to lectotype (Fig. 10 ). Walpers (1853 , not 1854) published Chirocalyx mentioning E. velutina as a synonym of C. velutinus , but the genus was later synonymized under Erythrina in Engler and Prantl (1894) . Kuntze (1891) published Corallodendron mentioning E. velutina as a synonym of C. velutinum , but the genus was also synonymized into Erythrina in Engler and Prantl (1894) . Additional material: F (neg. 2378, photo of BW13100010), IAN (IAN001755, photo of F neg. 2378), MO (MO-1624337, photo n.v.; MO-1624338, photo n.v.). Figure 10. Lectotype of Erythrina velutina Willd. (1801: 426), designated by Martins and Tozzi (2018 : 400). Source: Herbarium Berolinense (B) - Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, BW13100010, BW13100020, BW13100030. (1) Desfontaines (1804) only mentioned the name E. aculeatissima in the Tableau de l'Ecole de Botanique du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle without giving any description, hence it is considered a nomen nudum . The name was considered doubtful by Krukoff (1938) , but then was treated as a synonym of E. velutina by Krukoff and Barneby (1974) , where the authors designated a collection in herbarium P as the type specimen. (2) Diels (1937) published E. splendida from Ecuador mentioning a collection from the province of Guayas in herbarium B ( Diels 1230 ) as the type specimen, which was presumably destroyed in the bombing raid in 1943 ( Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin 2022 ). No duplicate or any other collection by Diels could be found on digital databases, so a collection from the same locality was designated as the neotype. (3) Ridley (1890) published E. aurantiaca from a specimen in the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha (Pernambuco, Brazil), with a full description and an illustration of a leaf, inflorescence, dissected flowers, fruit and seeds. The name was later synonymized under E. velutina f. aurantiaca by Krukoff (1938) based solely on a different coloring of the seeds of some specimens in the archipelago. As there were no other morphological characters to support this form, as the seeds vary in color both in the archipelago and on the mainland in Pernambuco and other Brazilian states (Guedes-Oliveira et al. manuscript in preparation), the name was synonymized into E. velutina by Martins and Tozzi (2018) . Additional material: HUEFS (HUEFS000248863, photo of K000206207). Etymology. The specific epithet " Erythrina velutina " is derived from Latin, meaning " velvety ", and was presumably chosen due to the abundance of trichomes in the species, especially on the petiole, abaxial leaflet surface, peduncle, pedicel, and calyx. Vernacular names. According to Carvalho (2008) and herbarium records, E. velutina is generally known as "mulungu" in Brazil, and also as "mulungu-do-ceara" in the state of Amazonas ; "bucare" or "mulungu-da-flor-amarela" in Ceara , where it is also the motive for the name of the municipality of Mulungu; "muchoco" or "mulunga" in Minas Gerais ; and "mulungu-da-caatinga" , "pau-de-coral" , "sanandiu" , "sananduva" or "suina" (and spelling variations) in Sao Paulo .