<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788685" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7faaa125-e85b-4e6a-839f-369f3baa5964" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163755211" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788685" approvalRequired="285" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="285" checkinTime="1588001517772" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gall, Lawrence &amp; Hawks, David" docDate="2010" docId="038D2962FF8B1B005EE0FA75FEF1FC1A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_2167.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 39 (39)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@3faabf8c" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Catocala hermia subsp. francisca H. Edwards" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="54" masterDocId="FFB4511AFF9B1B115E6CFF95FFCAFFF0" masterDocTitle="Systematics of moths in the genus Catocala (Lepidoptera, Erebidae) IV. Nomenclatorial stabilization of the Nearctic fauna, with a revised synonymic check list" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="37" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1643559085965" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:title>Systematics of moths in the genus Catocala (Lepidoptera, Erebidae) IV. Nomenclatorial stabilization of the Nearctic fauna, with a revised synonymic check list</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gall, Lawrence</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Yale University, New Haven ,,</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hawks, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>University of California, Riverside ,, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2010-03-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>39</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>39</mods:number>
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<mods:start>37</mods:start>
<mods:end>83</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.39.425</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">7faaa125-e85b-4e6a-839f-369f3baa5964</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576632</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3788685" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163755211" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3788685" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D2962FF8B1B005EE0FA75FEF1FC1A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D2962FF8B1B005EE0FA75FEF1FC1A" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,747,1504,1566]" box="[140,747,1504,1531]" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
<heading box="[140,747,1504,1531]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" reason="3">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,747,1504,1531]" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName authority="H. Edwards" authorityName="H. Edwards" box="[140,654,1504,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="hermia" subSpecies="francisca">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,338,1504,1531]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Catocala hermia</emphasis>
ssp. 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[397,503,1504,1530]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">francisca</emphasis>
H. Edwards
</taxonomicName>
, stat. n.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,747,1504,1566]" box="[140,348,1539,1566]" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
Fig. 17 (
<typeStatus box="[234,340,1539,1566]" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">lectotype</typeStatus>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="54" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,757,1610,1672]" box="[140,757,1610,1637]" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,757,1610,1637]" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
<treatmentCitation author="Edwards H" box="[140,757,1610,1637]" page="57" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" year="1880">
<taxonomicName authority="H. Edwards, 1880 b: 57" authorityName="H. Edwards" authorityPageNumber="57" authorityYear="1880" box="[140,757,1610,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="mariana" variety="francisca">
<emphasis box="[140,335,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Catocala mariana</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis box="[390,483,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">francisca</emphasis>
H. 
<bibRefCitation author="Edwards H" box="[529,757,1610,1637]" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" pagination="53 - 62" refId="ref17372" refString="Edwards H (1880 b) Notes upon the genus Catocala, with description of new varieties and species. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 3: 53 - 62." type="journal article" year="1880">Edwards, 1880b: 57</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="16.[140,757,1610,1672]" box="[140,756,1645,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,756,1645,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hy. Edwards" authorityYear="1880" box="[140,335,1645,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francisca">
<emphasis box="[140,335,1645,1671]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="53">Catocala francisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<treatmentCitation author="Barnes W &amp; McDunnough J" box="[350,756,1645,1672]" page="25" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" year="1918">
<bibRefCitation author="Barnes W &amp; McDunnough J" box="[350,756,1645,1672]" pageId="16" pageNumber="53" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref16743" refString="Barnes W, McDunnough J (1918) Illustrations of the North American species of the genus Catocala. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 3: 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1918">Barnes and McDunnough 1918: 25</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="17.[140,734,167,228]" box="[140,639,167,193]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,639,167,193]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hy. Edwards" authorityYear="1880" box="[140,335,167,193]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francisca">
<emphasis box="[140,335,167,193]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Catocala francisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<treatmentCitation author="McDunnough JH" box="[350,639,167,193]" page="116" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" year="1938">
<bibRefCitation author="McDunnough JH" box="[350,639,167,193]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" pagination="1 - 275" refId="ref18138" refString="McDunnough JH (1938) Check List of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part I. Macrolepidoptera. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 1: 1 - 275." type="journal article" year="1938">McDunnough 1938: 116</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="17.[140,734,167,228]" box="[140,734,202,228]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[140,734,202,228]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hy. Edwards" authorityYear="1880" box="[140,335,202,228]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francisca">
<emphasis box="[140,335,202,228]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Catocala francisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<treatmentCitation author="Franclemont JG &amp; Todd EL" box="[350,734,202,228]" page="128" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" year="1983">
<bibRefCitation author="Franclemont JG &amp; Todd EL" box="[350,734,202,228]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" pagination="120 - 159" refId="ref17467" refString="Franclemont JG, Todd EL (1983) Noctuidae. In: Hodges RW (Ed) Check list of the Lepidoptera of America north of Mexico. University Press, Cambidge, 120 - 159." type="book chapter" year="1983">Franclemont and Todd 1983: 128</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="54" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="17.[140,1108,272,1002]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,323,272,298]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis box="[140,199,272,298]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" reason="1">Type</emphasis>
material.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority=": Th" authorityName="Th" box="[338,760,272,299]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="mariana" variety="francisca">
<emphasis box="[338,546,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Catocala mariana</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis box="[618,714,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">francisca</emphasis>
: Th
</taxonomicName>
e original description states “Humboldt Co., Cal. 2 ♁. Type, coll. Hy. Edwards.” 
<bibRefCitation author="Beutenmuller W" box="[795,1107,307,334]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" pagination="59 - 64" refId="ref16813" refString="Beutenmuller W (1892) List of types of some species of Lepidoptera, described by Grote and Robinson, in the American Museum of Natural History. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 4: 59 - 64." type="journal article" year="1892">Beutenmüller (1892: 191)</bibRefCitation>
lists the 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hy. Edwards" authorityYear="1880" box="[244,378,343,369]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francisca">
<emphasis box="[244,378,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">C. francisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
types as being at the 
<collectionCode box="[651,747,343,369]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">AMNH</collectionCode>
, and a male type is there but bears Mendocino County, 
<collectingRegion box="[449,566,378,404]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">California</collectingRegion>
locality labels. At the 
<collectionCode box="[824,911,378,404]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
is a male labeled “Type 2” [examined], also from Mendocino County. Although the county on these labels conflicts with the original description, 
<bibRefCitation author="Barnes W &amp; McDunnough J" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref16743" refString="Barnes W, McDunnough J (1918) Illustrations of the North American species of the genus Catocala. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 3: 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1918">Barnes and McDunnough (1918: 24- 25)</bibRefCitation>
have already noted that errors in locality data do occur with type specimens of the dark-forewinged western 
<taxonomicName box="[482,580,519,545]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[482,580,519,545]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">Catocala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Mendocino and Humboldt counties are adjacent to one another, and the county indicated on the label is the only information we have that might otherwise disqualify the two aforementioned 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hy. Edwards" authorityYear="1880" box="[903,1034,589,616]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francisca">
<emphasis box="[903,1034,589,616]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">C. francisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males as 
<typeStatus box="[170,272,625,651]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">syntypes</typeStatus>
. With deference to Beutenmüller and Barnes and McDunnough’s judgments, we consider it likely that a mislabeling occurred, and designate the 
<collectionCode box="[1015,1108,660,686]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">AMNH</collectionCode>
male as 
<emphasis bold="true" box="[237,348,695,721]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">
<typeStatus box="[237,348,695,721]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
to clarify application of the name 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hy. Edwards" authorityYear="1880" box="[767,863,695,721]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francisca">
<emphasis box="[767,863,695,721]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">francisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Th e 
<typeStatus box="[934,1039,695,721]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">lectotype</typeStatus>
bears the labels “Mendocino Co./ 
<collectingRegion box="[457,583,730,756]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">California</collectingRegion>
”, “7299”, “No. 11889 / Collection / Hy. Edwards.”, “Type / No. / A.M.N.H.”, “ 
<taxonomicName authorityName=", Hy. Edwards" authorityYear="1875" box="[575,729,765,791]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariana">Cat. mariana</taxonomicName>
/ 
<taxonomicName box="[758,886,765,792]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="mariana" variety="francisca">v. francisca</taxonomicName>
/ Type. Hy. Edw.” From rearing work and analysis of museum specimens, we have concluded that 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hy. Edwards" authorityYear="1880" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="francisca">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">C. francisca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is neither a full species nor conspecific with 
<taxonomicName authority="Edwards, 1864" authorityName="W. H. Edwards" authorityYear="1864" box="[769,1108,835,862]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="californica">
<emphasis box="[769,922,835,862]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">C. californica</emphasis>
Edwards, 1864
</taxonomicName>
(= 
<taxonomicName authority="Strecker, 1874" authorityName="Strecker" authorityYear="1874" box="[174,489,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariana">
<emphasis box="[174,306,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">C. mariana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Strecker FHH" box="[316,489,871,897]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" pagination="71 - 80" refId="ref18390" refString="Strecker FHH (1874) Lepidoptera, Rhophaloceres and Heteroceres, indigenous and exotic; with descriptions and colored illustrations. Owen's Steam Book &amp; Job Printing, Reading (PA, USA), 71 - 80." type="book chapter" year="1874">Strecker, 1874</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
), but rather is a coastal Californian subspecies of 
<taxonomicName authority="H. Edwards, 1880" authorityName="H. Edwards" authorityYear="1880" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Catocala" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="54" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hermia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">C. hermia</emphasis>
H. Edwards, 1880
</taxonomicName>
with uniform, dark greenish-black forewings. Type Locality: hereby amended to Mendocino Co[unty], 
<collectingRegion box="[680,801,941,967]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">California</collectingRegion>
, [
<collectingCountry box="[819,880,940,967]" name="United States of America" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">USA</collectingCountry>
] on the basis of the 
<typeStatus box="[140,245,976,1002]" pageId="17" pageNumber="54">lectotype</typeStatus>
label.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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